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S.P.Korolev RSC Energia - MIR ORBITAL COMPLEX

Station configuration
Spaceflight chronology
International missions
Space records
Test results
Contribution to the ISS development
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MIR ORBITAL COMPLEX CONTENT

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S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia was the Prime Contractor for MIR Orbital Station, developer of the Core Module and the Station Modules, developer and manufacturer of the major systems supporting their on-orbit operation; responsible for the integrated electrical interface of the onboard systems and integrated ground electrical tests of the Station Modules; developer and manufacturer of the Soyuz and Progress space vehicles.
M.V. Khrunichev State Space Scientific-Production Center was a participant in the Core Module and Modules development; developer and manufacturer of the structure and systems providing the station Modules autonomous flight.
A broad nerwork of enterprises and organizations, including GNP RKTS TSSKB-Progress; TSNII Machine-building, Design Bureau of General Machine-building; RNII of Space Instrument Engineering; NII of Precise Instruments; Yu.A. Gagarin RGNII CTC; the Russian Academy of Sciences and others, about 200 enterprises and organizations in all took part in the development of Mir space station and its ground infrastructure.

Station Element Launch Date Docking Date
Core Module 20 February 1986 -
Kvant Module 31 March 1987 09 April 1987
Kvant-2 Module 26 November 1989 06 December 1989
Kristall Module 31 May 1990 10 June1990
Spektr Module 20 May 1995 01 June 1995
Docking Compartment 12 November 1995 15 November 1995
Priroda Module 23 April 1996 26 April 1996
Transport and maintenance support of the Station flight was provided by the Soyuz-TM-type manned transport and Progress-M cargo vehicles.
GENERAL MIR COMPLEX CHARACTERISTICS
Altitude of Working Orbit 320 - 420 km
Orbit Inclination 51.6 degree
Operation Duration more than 15 years

February 20, 1986 -
Core Module Launch
  Core Module was a major part of the entire Orbital Station combining its modules into a single complex. The core module accommodated control equipment for the station crew life support systems and science hardware, as well as crew rest locations. The core module consisted of the transfer compartment with five passive docking assemblies (one axial and four side assemblies), working compartment, transfer chamber with one docking assembly, and unpressurized instrument compartment. All docking assemblies were of a passive type of a "probe-drogue" system.

April 9, 1987 -
Module Kvant docking
to the Core Module
Module Kvant was intended to conduct astrophysical and other scientific research and experiments. The module consisted of a laboratory compartment with a transfer chamber and unpressurized compartment for science instruments. The module on-orbit maneuvering was provided by the service propulsion compartment, that separated after the module docking to the Station. The module had two docking assemblies located along its longitudinal axis, namely active and passive ones. In a free flight the passive assembly was closed by the service compartment. The Kvant module docked to the transfer chamber of the core module (X axis). After the mechanical capture the retraction process was aborted due to a foreign object discovered in the Station docking cone. The crew egress into space was needed to take away the object, which took place on April 11th to April 12th 1986.

December 6, 1989 -
Kvant 2 Module docking
to the MIR Orbital Station
Kvant 2 Module was intended to resupply the Station with science hardware, equipment and support crew spacewalks, as well as perform various scientific research and experiments. The module consisted of three pressurized compartments, i.e. instrument-cargo, instrument-science compartments and dedicated airlock compartment with an egress hatch of 1000 mm in diameter that swung outward. The module had one active docking assembly installed along its longitudinal axis on the instrument-cargo compartment. The Kvant-2 and all subsequent modules docked to the axial docking assembly of the core module transfer compartment (-X axis), then the module was relocated by the manipulator to the side docking assembly of the transfer compartment. The nominal location of Kvant-2 within Mir was along -Y axis.

June 10, 1990 -
Kristall module docking
to the MIR Orbital Station
Kristall module was intended to conduct technological and other scientific research and experiments to support dockings with the vehicles outfitted with androgynous peripheral docking assemblies. The module consisted of two pressurized compartments, i.e. instrument-cargo and transfer-docking compartments. The module had three docking assemblies, i.e. axial active assembly on the instrument-cargo compartment and two androgynous peripheral docking assemblies on the transfer-docking compartment (axial and lateral). Till May 27, 1995 the Kristall module was mated to the lateral docking assembly designed for the Spektr module (-Y axis). Then it was relocated to the axial docking assembly (-X axis) and on May 30, 1995 was relocated to its nominal location (-Z axis). On June 10, 1995 the module was once again relocated to the axial assembly (-X axis) to provide docking with the Atlantis Orbiter (STS-71), and on July 17, 1995 it was returned to its nominal location (-Z axis).

June 1, 1995 -
Spektr module docking
to the MIR Orbital Station
Spektr module was intended to conduct scientific research and experiments to investigate Earth resources, proper external atmosphere of the orbital complex, geophysical processes of a natural and artificial origin in a near-earth space and in the upper Earth atmosphere, as well as resupply the station with additional electric power supplies. The module consisted of two compartments, i.e. pressurized instrument-cargo and unpressurized compartment, on which two major and two additional solar arrays and science instruments were mounted. The module had one active docking assembly, located along its longitudinal axis on the instrument-cargo compartment. The nominal position of the Spektr module as part of the MIR Station was along the -Y axis.
Docking Compartment
(developed at S.P. Korolev RSC Energia) was intended to support dockings of the U.S. Space Shuttle Orbiters to the MIR Station without modifying its configuration. It was delivered to orbit by the U.S. Atlantis Orbiter (STS-74) and docked to the Kristall module (- Z axis).
 

April 26, 1996 -
Priroda module was docked
to the MIR Orbital Station.
Priroda module was intended to conduct science research and experiments to investigate Earth resources, upper Earth atmosphere, space radiation, geophysical processes of a natural and artificial origin in a near-earth space and in the upper Earth atmosphere. The module consisted of one pressurized instrument-cargo compartment. The module had one active docking assembly located along its longitudinal axis. The nominal location of the Priroda module within the MIR Station was along the -Z axis.

MIR configuration assumed its final form in 1996.

 

 

 

 

 

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