Brief History of Rocket & Space Technology Development in OKB1 - TSKBEM -
NPO Energia - S.P. Korolev RSC Energia
1946 - 1959
1959 - 1966
1967 - 1982
1986 - 1998
1998 - 2014
May 13, 1946
Decree of the Government on establishment of a series of NII, KB, test organizations, factories to develop,
manufacture and test long-range ballistic missiles (LRBM) the chief designer of which S.P. Korolev was appointed.
August 26, 1946
By the decree of the minister of armaments D.F. Ustinov, the organizational structure of NII-88 was approved, establishing Department 3 of the Special Design Bureau (now S.P. Korolev RSC Energia) headed by Chief Designer S.P. Korolev.
October 18, 1947
The first successful launch of rocket A-4 assembled from assemblies and units of German rocket
V-2 in the Soviet Union. Flight test of rocket A-4 were completed in the same year.
September 17, 1948
The first launch of the first native ballistic missile R-1. The missile has nearly covered the design
range but went off course because of off-nominal operation of the control system.
October 10, 1948
The first successful launch of native ballistic missile R-1. Flight tests of the first series of R-1 were completed in the same year.
April 21, 1949
The first (of six) launch of geophysical missile R-1A. The missile injected two instrument containers
to an altitude up to 100 km that separated from it and performed parachute landing.
September 21, 1949
Launch of missile R-2E. Experimental verification of new missile R-2 systems.
1950
Rocket complex based on missile R-1 is put into service.
1949-1951
Rocket complex based on missile R-2 with a separating nose cone is being developed. The complex is put into service.
March 15, 1953
The first launch of strategic missile R-5. Its modification R-5M (first launch on January 21, 1955)
was equipped with a special warhead. On the basis of missile R-5 geophysical missiles R-5A (launches in 1958-1961),
R-5B (launches in 1964-1975), including Vertical program, and others were developed.
April 18, 1953
The first launch of operative-tactical missile R-11.
September 16, 1955
The first submarine launch of missile R-11FM.
May 15, 1957
The first launch of two-stage intercontinental ballistic missile R-7.
August 21, 1957
Successful launch of two-stage intercontinental ballistic missile R-7.
October 4, 1957
Launch of the first earth artificial satellite (EAS) of 83.6 kg in mass. It stayed in orbit for 92
days. On January 4, 1958 it entered the upper atmosphere and burnt.
November 3, 1957
Launch of the second EAS of 508 kg in mass with dog Laika aboard.
May 15, 1958
Launch of the third EAS of 1327 kg in mass by an R-7-type missile with improved power characteristics.
January, 2, 1959
Launch of the Luna-1 (Mechta) interplanetary station by a three-stage rocket (missile R-7 with E
module as the third stage). Moon flyby at the distance of 5000 km.
September 12, 1959
Launch of the Luna-2 interplanetary station that delivered a USSR pennant to the Moon's surface (Sept 14, 1959).
1946 - 1959
1959 - 1966
1967 - 1982
1986 - 1998
1998 - 2014
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
 of 83.6 kg in mass'))
)
){kind=small}
 interplanetary station'))
)
){kind=small}
){kind=small}
)
