OAO Rocket and Space Corporation Energia after S.P. Korolev

OAO RSC Energia has been conducting activities in rocket-space industry since 1946 when the team of specialists developing long-range ballistic missiles was organized under the leadership of S.P. Korolev, the Chief Designer of rocket-space system and the founder of practical cosmonautics.
The enterprise initiated practically all lines of activity related to national rocket and space technology.
At the present time, OAO RSC Energia is the leading rocket-space enterprise in Russia, the head organization in the field of manned space systems. Its efforts are focused on building automatic space and rocket systems (launch vehicles and orbital transfer vehicles); high-tech, multi-use systems to be used in areas other than space.

Background information

The Corporation was set up in accordance with the Russian Federation Presidential Decree ? 237 "On the Privatization Procedure for the Scientific-Production Association Energia after Academician S.P. Korolev" as of February 4, 1994 and based upon the Russian Federation Government Decision ? 415 "On Creating S.P. Korolev Rocket-Space Corporation Energia" dated April 29, 1994.
OAO RSC Energia is the successor of OKB-1, TsKBEM and NPO Energia after academician S.P. Korolev.

In the mid-1940s and early 1950s of the 20th century the first national ballistic rockets of different types from mobile land complexes of tactical purpose to submarine ballistic missiles and strategic intercontinental thermonuclear delivery vehicles were built at the enterprise. Also the enterprise developed 14 strategic rocket complexes, the 11 of which had gone into service and had been sent to serial production at other manufacturing plants, including the complexes of the pioneer liquid- and solid-propellant rockets (with rockets running on high-boiling and low-boiling liquid propellant components). Up to now, the first space rocket R-7 has been one of the world's most reliable space rockets. Those projects laid the foundation for further development of the national rocket armament.
Since early 1950s the enterprise initiated and led practically all directions of cosmonautics development. The pioneer artificial Earth satellite (1957) and the first integrated launch vehicle R-7 ("Sputnik") which delivered the satellite to orbit; the first human flight into space performed by our country's citizen Yu.A. Gagarin (1961); the pioneer automatic space vehicles launched to Moon and the Solar system planets, Venus and Mars (1959-1969); the first scientific research satellites (since 1957); the first "soft" Lunar landing (1966) - all these great achievements were made and implemented due to the brilliant ideas and on the initiative of academician S.P. Korolev, the talented engineer and organizer, the Chief Designer of the national rocket-space systems, the founder of practical cosmonautics.

With the enterprise as the leading organization, the following space vehicles, systems and stations were built and put into operation:

• national human space flight vehicles Vostok (1960-1963), one of which Yu.A.Gagarin had flown; Voskhod (1964-1966); Soyuz (1966-1981); Soyuz T (1979-1986); Soyuz TM (1986-2002); Soyuz TMA (2002-2012); Soyuz TMA-M (since 2010);
• national cargo space vehicles Progress (1978-1990); Progress M (1989-2009); Progress M1 (2000-2004), Progress M-M (since 2008), Progress MS (since 2015);
• orbital stations Salyut (1971); Salyut-4 (1974-1977)); Salyut-6 (1977-1982); Salyut-7 (1982-1991) and multi-module Mir station (1986-2001) which operated as the first International Research Space Center where the Euromir, Mir-Shuttle, Mir-NASA Projects were being implemented;
• space orbital observatory "Gamma" focused on astrophysical and geophysical studies (1990-1992);
• spacecraft Zenit for detailed Earth surface surveying (1962);
• the first national communication satellites Molnia-1 (1965); modern communication satellites Yamal-100 (1999-2011); Yamal-200 (since 2003) based upon multipurpose space bus Viktoria;
• reusable space system Energia-Buran with the world's biggest launch vehicle Energia (1987) which has not had any analogs worldwide up to now, and reusable orbital vehicle Buran (1988);
• as well as other projects were developed and aimed at creating advanced rocket-space technology (manned Lunar complexes L1, L3; superheavy launch vehicle H1; multipurpose orbital complex; Martian manned complex; Earth remote sensing satellite, etc.).

The enterprise took an active part in international space programs: "Soyuz-Apollo", "Intercosmos". The World's first Sea Launch Complex was developed within the transnational company during the period from 1991 through 1998.

Basic lines of activity

Manned space systems

Main customers: Roscosmos, US Space Agency (NASA), European Space Agency (ESA), space agencies in other countries.

As far as the Manned Space Systems are concerned, OAO RSC Energia is the leading organization engaged in building and operational use of the International Space Station (ISS) Russian Segment. OAO RSC Energia manufactures and launches transport manned space vehicles of "Soyuz TM" type; transport cargo space vehicles of "Progress M" type, the ISS Russian Segment modules. The enterprise is responsible for integration and flight control of the ISS Russian Segment; delivery of cosmonauts and cargoes to the ISS; implementation of scientific research and experiments programs. Also the enterprise provided delivery of the Russian systems for European cargo vehicle ATV and its integration into the ISS Russian Segment. In addition, OAO RSC Energia conducts research and development activities in the field of building advanced manned transportation systems, space infrastructure of the 21st century; arranging space expeditions to different areas of circumterrestrial space and the Solar system.

Automatic space systems

Main customers: state customer, foreign customers.

As far as the Automatic Space Systems are concerned, RSC Energia builds automatic space vehicles for multipurpose space systems, including automatic space vehicles of satellite communication and Earth remote sensing systems (ERS).

Rocket systems

Main customers: Roscosmos, State Customer, international Sea Launch Company.

As far as the Rocket Systems line of activity is concerned, OAO RSC Energia is engaged in manufacture of Upper Stages DM for launching global satellite navigation system GLONASS and spacecraft under state contracts and commercial programs. In cooperation with the US, Norwegian and Ukrainian companies, OAO RSC Energia created the sea-based rocket-space complex known as the Sea Launch, in which OAO RSC Energia is the leading company responsible for the Rocket Segment. Besides, OAO RSC Energia ensures SC orbital insertion using Upper Stage DM-SLB under the Land Launch Program. Underway is further modernization of Upper Stage DM, including other objectives such as expansion of space research program.
Under development are draft proposals for building rocket-space complexes and new-generation orbital transfer systems, including orbital transfer vehicles based upon onboard space nuclear power plants and electrical propulsion jet engines.
In order to implement the above programs, OAO RSC Energia uses launch complexes and maintenance areas at Baikonur cosmodrome, Odissey launch platform and assembly-command ship "Sea Launch Commander" of the Sea Launch Complex; Mission Control Center in the city of Korolev and other regional centers and control posts, as well as unique stand facilities for ground testing.

Research and development works are the main activities conducted by OAO RSC Energia in accordance with its core business directions.
ZAO ZEM of RSC Energia is its main partner in execution of the Corporation orders. In creating high technology products of space and non-space purpose, RSC Energia purchases Russian enterprises goods in order to expand its business, as well as implement investment projects aimed to increase business efficiency.
OAO RSC Energia has acquired a broad experience in consolidation and coordination of manpower and technical potential of hundreds of Russian enterprises and international cooperation in implementing large modern rocket-space projects. This experience has been also accumulated during implementation of the Energia-Buran multipurpose transport rocket-space system program; the programs of the Salyut orbital stations, Mir orbital complex, International Space Station, Sea Launch Complex.
By the RF Presidential Decree No. 1009 of 04.08.2004, OAO RSC Energia was added to the List of strategic enterprises and joint-stock companies.

Awards

The enterprise is decorated with four Orders of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution; received two Messages of Thanks from the Russian Federation Presidents.

Employees

There are one academician and one corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 180 Candidates of Science and 29 Doctors of Science in the Corporation. The leading scientists combine production activity and educational work, among which there are 20 persons with an academic title of professor. For outstanding achievements in creating unique specimens of rocket-space technology and space exploration 25 employees of the enterprise were given the title of the Hero of Socialist Labour, while S.P. Korolev and V.P. Glushko were conferred on this title twice. More than 200 employees of the enterprise became the Lenin Prize, State Prize winners, as well as the Russian Federation Government Prize winners. Many employees are decorated with orders and given medals. 16 employees became Twice Heroes of the Soviet Union; seven employees of the enterprise (cosmonauts) were conferred the title of the Heroes of the Soviet Union on. Also 17 employees of the Corporation (cosmonauts) were conferred the title of the Russian Federation Heroes on.

OAO RSC Energia's branches

Name: Branch "Baikonur OAO RSC Energia after S.P. Korolev"
Location: city of Baikonur-8, Kzyl-Ordy Region, Republic of Kazahstan, 468320

Name: Holiday hotel of sanatorium type "Vostok"
Location: settl. Novomikhailovsky-2, Tuapse Region, Krasnodar territory, Russia, 352841

Name: Holiday hotel "Voskhod"
Location: 15, settlement of Educational enterprise "Sitniky", Sergiev-Posad district, Moscow Region, Russia, 141323

Name: Sanatorium "Krepost"
Location: 9, Mir prospect, health resort-city of Kislovodsk, Stavropol territory, Russia, 357700

The affiliated companies with a 100% share of OAO RSC Energia in the Charter capital

Full firm name: Closed Joint-Stock Company "Experimental Machinebuilding Plant of S.P. Korolev Rocket-Space Corporation Energia"
Shortened firm name: ZAO ZEM RSC Energia
Location: 4A, Lenin Street, Korolev city, Moscow Region, Russia, 141070
TIN: 5018037000
OGRN: 1025002028314
Purpose of participation and description of the affiliated company core business: manufacture of hardware for space exploration, manufacture of prosthetic-orthopedic products, production of consumer goods. Assurance of full-scale cycle of designing and manufacture of transport and cargo space vehicles.

Full firm name: Closed Joint-Stock Company "Volzhskoye Design Bureau" of S.P. Korolev Rocket-Space Corporation Energia"
Shortened firm name: ZAO VDB RSC Energia
Location: 26 "B", Zemets street, Samara city, Russia, 443077
TIN: 6312024093
OGRN: 1026300767382
Purpose of participation and description of the affiliated company core business: conduct of R&D works, experimental activities aimed to implement rocket-space programs of OAO RSC Energia. Participation in development of the main directions and prospects for advance of launch vehicles, taking part in developing and assured operation of sophisticated rocket-space systems, including all kinds of rocketry and multipurpose orbital platforms.

Full firm name: Closed Joint-Stock Company "Production Association "Cosmos" of S.P. Korolev Rocket-Space Corporation Energia"
Shortened firm name: ZAO PA Cosmos
Location: room 1, Blg 1, Vnukovo-3, Borovskoye highway, Moscow city, Russia, 103027
TIN: 7732016788
OGRN: 1027700321880
Purpose of participation and description of the affiliated company core business: transportation by air of passengers, cargoes and mail by Moscow-Baikonur route within the framework of the Federal Space Program implementation. Aeronautical engineering flight operation and maintenance. Commercial services.

Full firm name: Public joint-stock company "Investment Company Razvitiye"
Shortened firm name: PJC IC Razvitiye
Location: 4A, Lenin Street, Korolev city, Moscow Region, Russia, 141070
TIN: 5018055017
OGRN: 1025002035277
Purpose of participation and description of the affiliated company core business: investment activity.

Full firm name: Limited Liability Company "RSC Energia-Finance"
Shortened firm name: OOO RSC Energia-Finance
Location: 4A, Lenin Street, Korolev city, Moscow Region, Russia, 141070
TIN: 5018128089
OGRN: 1085018005368
Purpose of participation and description of the affiliated company core business: investment activity.

Full firm name: Joint-Stock Company "Teplo RSC Energia"
Shortened firm name: AO Teplo RSC Energia
Location: 4A, Lenin Street, Korolev city, Moscow Region, Russia, 141070
TIN:5018138369
OGRN: 1095018005279
Purpose of participation and description of the affiliated company core business: provision of efficient management and operation of the Corporation power generation enterprise, supply of power resources, water.

Full firm name: Limited Liability Company "Ortopedicheskaya Industria Moscow Energia"
Shortened firm name: OOO OIME
Location: 4, Lenin Street, Korolev city, Moscow Region, Russia, 141070
Purpose of participation and description of the affiliated company core business: social component of the Corporation business. Provision of manufacture and delivery to the Russian Federation and other countries enterprises of prosthetic - orthopedic products, hardware for rehabilitation of disabled persons, equipment, medical facilities, completing items and materials for their production, including sale of the products manufactured by the Corporation and its associated companies.