Government Open Systems Interconnection Profile Users' Guide, Version 2
NIST Special Publication 500-192

Tim Boland

Computer Systems Laboratory
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Gaithersburg, MD 20899
Supersedes NIST Special Publication 500-163
October 1991

USA Government Printing Office, Washington, 1991

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES   vii
LIST OF TABLES  viii
FOREWORD  ix
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
        1.1 Welcome1
        1.2 Nature and Purpose of Guide  1
        1.3 Brief History of OSI  2
        1.4 Role of GOSIP  5
        1.5 Format and Layout of Guide   5
        1. 6 Acknowledgments  6

2.0 OVERVIEW FOR EXECUTIVES   7
        2.1 Introduction  7
        2.2 Economic Benefits 7
        2.3 Functional Benefits 8
        2.4 Planning Benefits 10
        2.5 Summary and Direction 11
3.0 PERSPECTIVE ON GOSIP  12
        3.1 Introduction  12
        3.2 Steps to GOSIP   12
                3.2.1 Standards Development   12
                3.2.2 NIST/OSI Implementors' Workshops  13
        3.2.3 MAP and TOP   16
        3.3 GOSIP Summary  17
        3.4 Future of GOSIP 19
        3.5 International Cooperation  20

4.0 GOSIP QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS  21

5.0 GOSIP APPLICABILITY ISSUES  28
        5.1 Introduction  28
        5.2 General GOSIP Applicability  28
        5.3 Configuring a GOSIP System   29
        5.4 Waivers and Policy Decisions   29
        5.5 Gosip Enforcement Issues  32
        5.6 Specific GOSIP Applicability Recommedations  32
        5.7 Specific Concerns of Agencies  32
                5.7.1 Functionality   33
                5.7.2 Economic Considerations  33
                5.7.3 Research vs. Operational  33

6.0 GOSIP PROCUREMENT   36
        6.1 Introduction   36
        6.2 OSI Procurement Summary 36
        6.3 GOSIP-Related Procurement Recommendations  37   iii
        6.4 Particular "Contract Language" for RFPs  38
                6.4.1 Determining Requirements   38
                6.4.2 Specific Language  39
        6.5 Optional Procurement Considerations   41
                6.5.1 File Transfer, Access, and Management (FTAM)   42
                6.5.2 Message Handling System (MHS) Options    42
                6.5.3 Virtual Terminal Options  43
                6.5.4 ODA Options   43
                6.5.5 Network Technology Options   43
                6.5.6 CONS and CLTS   44
                6.5.7 Service Interface Choices  44
                6.5.8 Gateway Considerations  45
                6.5.9 Presentation and Session 45
                6.5.10 Future Considerations 45
        6.6 Evaluation Process for Procurement  45
                6.6.1 Conformance Testing  46
                6.6.2 Interoperability Testing.46
                6.6.3 Performance Testing  46
                6.6.4 Functional Testing 46
                6.6.5 GOSIP Testing Policy  46
        6.7 Vendor Enhancements and Acquisition Strategies  48
        6.8 Specific Examples of Procurement  48

7.0 TECHNICAL ISSUES  50
        7.1 Introduction 50
        7.2 OSI Reference Model Summary  50
        7.3 Protocol Considerations   52
                7.3.1 Association Control Service Element Protocol  52
                7.3.2 FTAM Protocol 52
                7.3.3 Message Handling Systems  52
                7.3.4 Virtual Terminal Protocol   54
                7.3.5 ODA   55
                7.3.6 Presentation Layer   55
                7.3.7 Session Layer   55
                7.3.8 Transport Layer   56
                        7.3.8.1 Connection-Oriented Transport Protocol  56
                        7.3.8.2 Connectionless Transport Protocol   56
                7.3.9 Network Layer   56
                        7.3.9.1 Connectionless Network Service  57
                        7.3.9.2 Connection-Oriented Network Service   57
                        7.3.10 Subnetwork Technologies   57
                                7.3.10.1 CSMA/CD (8802/3)  58
                                7.3.10.2 Token BUS (8802/4)   58
                                7.3.10.3 Token Ring (8802/5)   59
                        7.3.10.4 ISDN   59
                        7.3.10.5 Local Area Network Bridges   60
                        7.3.10.6 X.25 Wide Area Network Technology   60
        7.4 Implementation Alternatives   60
                7.4.1 General   61
                7.4.2 MHS Implementation Choices    61
                7.4.3 FTAM Implementation Choices   63 
                7.4.4 VT Implementaton Choices    65
                7.4.5 Performance   67
        7.5 Technical Information in Product Announcements   68
        7.6 Gosip Application Information Flow    68
                7.6.1 FTAM Example    68
                7.6.2 Message Handling Systems (MHS) Example    69
                7.6.3 VT Example   69
        7.7 Future GOSIP Protocols and Services    70
                7.7.1 Transaction Processing (TP)    70
                7.7.2 Secure Data Network System (SDNS)   70
                7.7.3 Network Management    71
                7.7.4 Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)   71
                7.7.5 IS-IS Routing Protocols   71
                7.7.6 FTAM Extensions    72
                7.7.7 X.400 (MHS) Extensions    72
                7.7.8 Directory Services    72
                7.7.9 Future Virtual Terminal Profiles   72
                7.7.10 Transport Class 2    73
                7.7.11 Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)   73
                7.7.12 Remote Data Base Access    73
                7.7.13 Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS)   73

8.0 REGISTRATION   74
        8.1 Motivation for Registration   74
        8.2 Theory of OSI Address Assignment   74
        8.3 Network Service Access Point (NSAP)   76
                8.3.1 Background and Importance   76
                8.3.2 NSAP Format   78
                8.3.3 Transport Service Access Point Selector  83
                8.3.4 Session Service Access Point (SSAP) Selector   83
                8.3.5 Presentation Service Access Point Selector    83
        8.4 Organization Names   83
                8.4.1 Background and Importance    83
                8.4.2 PRMD Names   83
        8.5 Application-Specific Object Registration   84
                8.5.1 FTAM Document Type Name    84
                8.5.2 Private Message Body Parts   85
                8.5.3 Virtual Terminal Profiles and Control Objects 85
                8.5.4 Other Registration Objects   85
        8.6 Detailed Procedures for Registration   86
        8.7 Summary    86

9.0 GOSIP TRANSITION STRATEGIES   87
        9.1 Introduction    87
        9.2 Perspective on the Process   87
        9.3 The DOD Approach    89
                9.3.1 ISODE and POSIX  90
                9.3.2 DOD-OSI Multiprotocol Routers  90
                9.3.3 Dual Protocol Hosts   90
                9.3.4 Application-Layer Gateways  92
                9.3.5 Dual Protocol Terminal Access Controller  92
                9.3.6 Defense Message System   92
        9.4 Other OSI Transition Concerns  92
        9.5 Interoperability with Non-GOSIP OSI Systems  94
        9.6 General Transition Issues  95
        9.7 Summary and Strategies   97

10.0 GOSIP CROSS-REFERENCE   99
        10.1 Introduction  99
        10.2 Interaction of Other Programs with Gosip   99
                10.2.1 FTS-2000    99
                10.2.2 EDI      99
                10.2.3 RDA and SQL   101
                10.2.4 FDDI    101
                10.2.5 POSIX   101
                10.2.6 Security    101
                10.2.7 CALS    102
                10.2.8 Future Formats    102
        10.3 General Advice    102

APPENDIX A: OSI TUTORIAL INFORMATION    105
APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL OSI REFERENCES    141
APPENDIX C: NIST/OSI WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS LIST   151
APPENDIX D: USERS' GUIDE EVALUATION FORM   155
REFERENCES    155

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