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P8.6

Superconducting Integrated THz Receivers
Valery P. Koshelets1, Pavel N. Dmitriev1, Andrey B. Ermakov1, Lyudmila V. Filippenko1, Andrey V. Khudchenko1, Nickolay V. Kinev1, Pavel Kudryashov1, Oleg S. Kiselev1, Mikhail Yu. Torgashin1, Gert de Lange2, Arno de Lange2, Leo de Jong2, Pavel A Yagoubov2, Vladimir L. Vaks3, Sergey I. Pripolzin3
2SRON

of Radio Engineering and Electronics, IREE, Russia Netherlands Institute for Space Research, the Netherlands 3Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

1Institute

Abstract
A Superconducting Integrated Receiver (SIR) was proposed more than 10 years ago and has since then been developed for practical applications. A SIR comprises on one chip (size of 4 mm*4 mm*0.5 mm) all elements needed for heterodyne detection: a low-noise SIS mixer with quasioptical antenna, an Flux-Flow Oscillator (FFO) acting as a Local Oscillator (LO) and a second SIS harmonic mixer (HM) for the FFO phase locking. The concept of the SIR looks very attractive for many practical applications due to its compactness and the wide tuning range of the th id th FFO. Presently, the frequency range of most practical heterodyne receivers is limited by the tunability of the local oscillator, typically 10-15% for a solid-state multiplier chain. In the SIR the bandwidth is determined by the SIS mixer tuning structure and the matching circuitry between the SIS and the FFO. A bandwidth up to 30 ­ 40% can be achieved with a twin-junction SIS mixer design. All components of the SIR microcircuits are fabricated in a high quality Nb-AlN/NbN-Nb trihigh Nb tri layer on a Si substrate. The receiver chip is placed on the flat back surface of the silicon lens, forming an integrated lens-antenna. Light weight and low power consumption combined with nearly quantum limited sensitivity and a wide tuning range of the FFO make SIR a perfect candidate for many practical applications.

TELIS-SIR Main Parameters
(see report P3.1 by Gert de Lange, et al. ) #
1 2 3 4 5 6

Gas Spectra Detection for Medical Applications
Non-invasive medical diagnostics based on analysis of exhaled air
· · human exhalation contains up to 600 volatile compounds some of them can be used as markers of diseases NO NH3 CH4 CS2 H2O Blood disease, asthma, oxidative stress Diseases of respiratory tract, oncology Diseases of gastro-enteric tract, liver, kidney Malabsorption of hydrocarbons Markers of coronary arteries diseases, schizophrenia Radiation injury, asthma

Description
Input frequency range Minimum noise temperature (DSB) Output IF range Spectral resolution LO frequency net Dissipated pow er at 4.2 K stage (including IF amplifiers chain

Value
485 ­ 635 GHz 120 K 4 ­ 8 GHz < 1 MHz < 300 MHz < 30 mW < 4.5 K

7 Operation temperature

2

1,0

SIR Spectral Resolution
-25
IF Output Power (dBm)
Free-running FFO; Frequency = 515.2 GHz (LW = 1.5 MHz) Phase-locked FFO (SR = 93.5 %)

0,9 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,5 0,4 NH3 - 572.498 GHz P= 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 1 mBar mBar mBar 2 mBar 02 mBar mB

-30 -35 -40 -45 -50 -55 -60 -65

Transmission

-20

572,3

572,4

572,5

572,6

Frequrency (GHz)

360

380

400

420

440

Down-converted FFO Frequency (MHz)

Block Diagram of the Superconducting Integrated Receiver Diagram Superconducting Integrated Receiv
LHe Cryostat SIR Microcircuits SIS- mixer with planar antenna (FFO) Local Oscillator 250 ­ 700 GHz Computer Controlled Data Acquisition System

Spectra of the FFO operating at 515.2 GHz (blue curve ­ frequency locked; red curve ­ phase-locked). Linewidth (LW) = 1.5 MHz; MHz; Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) = 36 dB; Spectral Ratio (SR) = 93.5 %. Spectra measured with RBW = 1 MHz.
Intensity (mV)

1500 1000 500 0 -500 -1000
NH3 (p= 5*10 mbar)
-3

PLL Synthesizer

Harmonic SIS-mixer for FFO phase stabilization (1) HEMT amplifier (2) HEMT amplifier

IF amplifier

IF amplifier

Back-end (Digital Autocorrelator or FFTS)

-1500 572,485 572,490 572,495 572,500 572,505 572,510
Frequency (GHz)

SIR Chip Design

Silicon (Si); 4 x 4 x 0.5 mm
3

TELIS Flight, January 2010; Esrange, Kiruna, Sw eden

Conclusion
· Concept of the Phase-locked SIR is developed and proven. · Nb-AlN-NbN FFOs and SIRs have been successfully successfully implemented. · New generation of the SIR with PL FFO for TELIS has been developed showing a possibility to achieve all TELIS requirements: Frequency range 485 ­ 635 GHz; Noise temperature as low as 120 ; IF bandwidth 4 - 8 GHz; Spectral resolution better 1 MHz; Beam Pattern - FWHM = 3 deg, with sidelobes < - 17 dB. · Procedure for remote SIR operation has been developed and experimentally proven. · Successful TELIS flights in 2009 and 2010 (Kiruna, Sweden). · Future space and ground-base missions are under consideration. · SIR Technology is mature enough for both future space missions and non-invasive medical diagnostic.

Nb-AlOX-Nb or Nb-AlN-NbN; JC = 5 - 10 kA/cm Optionally:
SIS ­ JC = 8 kA/cm2; FFO + HM = 4 kA/cm2 Double-slot (dipole) twin SIS ­ 0.8 m2
2

FFO 400*16 m

2

HM ­ 1.0 m

2