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High-sensitivity Receivers for Heterodyne Submillimeter Spectroscopy
WOLFGANG WILD1 , ANDREY BARYSHEV2 , JIAN RONG GAO1 , TEUN KLAPWIJK3 , VALERY KOSHELETS4 , GERT DE LANGE1 , PAVEL YAGOUBOV1 1 SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research 2 Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen 3 Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology 4 Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Moscow, Russia

In the past decade, the performance of heterodyne detectors and receivers for astronomical and atmospheric research in the submillimeter and far-infrared regime has constantly been improved, and today excellent sensitivity is achieved over a wide frequency range. In the coming years, such receivers will be used in various astronomy and atmospheric research projects from the ground (e.g. at ALMA, the Atacama Large Millimeter Array), space (e.g. HIFI, the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared on ESA's Herschel Space Observatory) and balloon (e.g. TELIS, the Terahertz and Submillimeter Limb Sounder). Progress in sensitivity and miniaturization, together with advances in cooling technology, make these receivers increasingly interesting for investigations of the Earth and other planetary atmospheres.The presentation will review the current state-of-the-art technology and performance of high-sensitivity submillimeter detectors and receivers for ground-, balloon- and space-based projects including a singlechip integrated receiver. An outlook into future heterodyne systems ranging as high as 6 THz (50 micron) using new technology such as Hot-Electron-Bolometers (as mixers) and Quantum-cascade-lasers (as local oscillators) will be given.