Документ взят из кэша поисковой машины. Адрес оригинального документа : http://www.cplire.ru/html/lab234/pubs/2006_10a.pdf Дата изменения: Tue Jan 9 01:36:03 2007 Дата индексирования: Tue Oct 2 09:16:05 2012 Кодировка: Поисковые слова: m 5

Superconducting Integrated Submillimeter Receiver for TELIS
Valery Koshelets, Andrey Ermakov, Lyudmila Filippenko, Andrey Khudchenko, Oleg Kiselev, Alexander Sobolev, Mikhail Torgashin,
Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics (IREE), Moscow, Russia

Pavel Yagoubov, Ruud Hoogeveen, and Wolfgang Wild
SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, the Netherlands

August 29, 2006

ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS

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Superconducting Integrated Receiver (SIR) for TELIS
Outline
· ·
­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­

TELIS project; SIR channel SIR chip design and performance:
Chip Layout; FFO Optimization, Noise Temperature, Beam Pattern, IF Performance, Spectral Resolution, Remote Control

· ·

Nb-AlN-NbN SIR ­ first implementation Conclusion
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS 2


TELIS - TErahertz LImb Sounder
TELIS Objectives: Measure many species for atmospheric science (ClO, BrO, O3, HCl, HOCl, etc); - Chemistry, Transport, Climate Serve as a test platform for new sensors Serve as validation tool for future satellite missions Three independent frequency channels, cryogenic heterodyne receivers:
500 GHz by RAL 600-650 GHz by SRON-IREE 1.8 THz by DLR (PI)
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS 3


Simulated spectra for Ozone and HCl at 625 GHz
HCl spectrum, 2 km intervals, total atmosphere to 60 km 250
Ozone
15 25 35 37 39 40 45 km km km km km km dgrs up

Signal power (K)

200 150
HCl HCl

100 50 0 624.5 625 625.5 frequency (GHz) 626

626.5

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TELIS-SIR Main Parameters
## 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Description Value Input frequency range, GHz (Base line) 600 ­ 650 Input frequency range, GHz (Goal) 550 ­ 650 Minimum noise temperature in the range (DSB), K 250 Output IF range, GHz 4-8 Spectral resolution (width of the spectral channel), MHz 1 Contribution to the nearest spectral channel by phased locked FFO -20 (dynamic range of the spectrometer), dB Contribution to a spectral channel by phased locked FFO at 4-6 GHz 20 offset from the carrier, K LO frequency net (distance between nearest settings of the PL FFO < 300 frequency), MHz Dissipated power at 4.2 K stage (including IF amplifiers chain), mW 100 Operation temperature, K < 4.5

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Schematics of the 550-650 GHz channel optics.
Telescope primary Liquid helium cryostat 4.2 K Secondary Tertiary Integrated lens-antenna Calibration load Polarizer Warm optics Cold optics

Dichroic

Window

Wire grid polarizer and dichroic plate are used to separate this receiver from the two other frequency channels (not shown). The cold optics and mixer element are located inside the cryostat at the ambient temperature 4.2 K
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS 6


Layout of SIR cold channel

I n t e g r at ed l e ns - a nt enna ( L 6) M a g n e t ic s h ie ld E l l i ps e ( L3) SSB
Wi r e g r i d

W i ndow ( L 2)

Ter m i nat i o n l o ad

P a r abol a ( L1)

Fl a t

Cr y o s t a t
P a r abol a ( L 5) H y pe r b ol a ( L 4)

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Photo of the SIR-TELIS channel

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SIR Mixer Block with Shields

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Schematics of PLL SIR
4 K dewar

SIR chip
SIS mixer
Harmonic mixer
FFO as LO 550-650 GHz

HEM T 4-8 G H z

IF Processor & DAC

20 GHz reference

C om puter controlled data acquisition sy stem
Electronics FFO , SIS, H M control

HEM T
4 GHz

PLL
August 29, 2006

LSU

400 M H z reference
ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS 10


Photo of the T4m SIR chip

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SIR Microcircuit for TELIS

Double-slot twin SIS ­ 0.8 µm

2

FFO 400*16 µm

2

HM ­ 1.0 µm

2

4 x 4 x 0.5 mm3 (Si);

Nb-AlOx-Nb; Jc = 5 - 8 kA/cm

2 2

Optionally: SIS ­ Jc = 8 kA/cm2; FFO + HM = 4 kA/cm
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS

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IVCs of the FFO of T3 design measured at different CL currents (red = > 25% of SIS Ig)

August 29, 2006

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IVCs of the SIS-mixer of T3 design; f FFO = 522, 600 and 650 GHz

August 29, 2006

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FFO + SIS; Power Control

August 29, 2006

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FFO linewidth and Spectral Ratio PL FFO on its oscillation frequency.
25
Free running FFO Linewidth (MHz) Spectral Ratio of the PL FFO (%)
16

FFO Linewidth Spectral Ratio of the PL FFO

100

20

80

15

60

10

40

5

20

0 450

500

550

600

650

700

0 750

FFO frequency (GHz)
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS


Linewidth of free-running FFOs and SR for the PL FFO as a function of FFO width (RnS =30 *µm2)
30 25 FFO Linewidth (MHz) 20 15 10 5 0 4 6 8
, , , fFFO = 526 GHz fFFO = 616 GHz fFFO = 706 GHz

90 75 60 45 30 15 0 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 Spectral Ratio of the PLL FFO (%)
17

FFO Width, W (µm)
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS


Normalized FFO Linewidth
2e f := h 2 (R d + K R
dCL

2 e ( Iqp) coth e V + 2 e ( Is) coth e V + 1 2 e ) k T 2 h 2 b 2 k b T

(R d + R

dCL I lf

)

1,6
Normalized FFO Linewidth

1,4 1,2 1,0 0,8 0,6 500 550

Jc = 8.5 kA/c m ; K = 0 .2 5 2 Jc = 5.8 kA/c m ; K = 0 .1 5 2 Jc = 4.2 kA/c m ; K = 0 .0

2

6 00

650

700

FFO Fre que nc y (G Hz )
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS 18


Averaged SIS (blue) and HM (red) pump for different T3 SIRs

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Comparison of the FTS data, Y factor and SIS pump for T3 SIRs
D2C1; T3-031#01 (S=0.83 µm , d1=200)
Normalized Detector Responce and Y-factor
2

S2C3; T3-032#08 (S=0.81 µm , d1=200) Detector Response (normalized a.u.) 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 450
FTS Data Y-factor SIS Pump

2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

FTS Y-factor SIS Pump

0.0 450

500

550

600

650

700

750

500

550

600

650

700

750

Frequency (GHz)

Frequency (GHz)

August 29, 2006

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Y-factor of the SIR,
T= 2.1 K, VSIS = 2.2 mV, IF = 4.3 GHz

August 29, 2006

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Tn (DSB) for different T3 designs (T bath =4.2 K;)
T3-031#06 (S2C1), T3-031# 07 (S2C2); T3-032#08 (S2C3); T3-031#09 (S2C4); T3-032#21 (S2C5); T3-031#01 (D2C1)

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Noise Temperature (DSB), T3 - D2C1:
Red - T bath = 4.2 K; Blue ­ T bath = 2 K

Water line 557 GHz

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Beam Pattern of the SIR for TELIS

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Antenna-lens beam pattern
5 0 -5 -10

Co-polar, dBi

-15 -20 -25 -30 -35 -40 -45 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6

vertical scan horizontal scan PILRAP simulation

Scan angle, deg

August 29, 2006

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IF Performance of the T3 SIRs
2.5

2.0 Y factor ( 300 / 77 K), dB

1.5

1.0

0.5

Dipole SIR T3-031#01 Slot SIR T3-032#21 4 5 6 7 8

0.0

Intemediate Ferequency, GHz
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS 26


SIR schematic diagram at IF

CF ­ parasitic SIS-mixer and matching elements capacitance LT ­ tuning on-chip inductance (CPW line), CT ­ tuning on-chip capacitor LB,RB ­ bond wires inductance and resistance LTMM, CTMM ­ parameters for the microstrip line on the base (TMM) plate
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS 27


Results of Sonnet simulations
0

-1

S12 (dB)

-2

-3

-4

2

4

6
IF frequency (G H z)

8

10

Signal transmission by amplitude (S12 parameter) for the new wideband (soled lines) and the old narrowband (dash-dot lines) IF networks at the two values of SIS Rp
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS 28


Experimental check of T4m IF performance
Noise measurements of the SIR with a slotantenna. SIS-mixer IF output at the hot (red curve) and the cold (blue curve) optical loads. The green curve is the difference between them Noise breakdown: possible increase of the SIR Tn < 50 K

August 29, 2006

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Photo of the gas-cell measurement setup at DLR

August 29, 2006

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Deconvolved spectrum of two OCS emission lines (gas pressure 1.2 mBar; FFO frequency 625.24 GHz)
240 230 220 210 200 190

T, K

180 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 5000 5200 5400 5600 5800 6000 6200 6400 6600 6800 7000

IF frequency, MHz
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS 31


Gas cell measurements; resolution determined by DAC
210 200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130 120 6100 6120 6140 6160 6180 6200 6220 6240 6260 6280

OCS gas, P=2mB

T, K

IF frequency, MHz
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS 32


Phase locked FFO; spectral resolution < 1 MHz
-5 -10 IF Output Power (dBm) -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 -40
Synthesizer signal received by PL SIR S i g na l o ut of ba nd PL FFO Spectra

Synthesizer Frequency = 644.8 GHz

4.35

4.40

4.45

Intermediate Frequency of the PL SIR (GHz)
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS 33


Remote optimization of the PLL SIR operation (3-D)

August 29, 2006

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Remote optimization of the PLL SIR operation (2-D and 1-D)
400

300 PLL IF Level (mV)

200

100 PSYNTH = 1 µW PSYNTH = 0.3 µW 0 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5

HM Voltage (mV)

HM Voltage (mV)

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Ic (H) for twin SIS mixer - remote suppression of the SIS critical current by computer tuning

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Nb-AlN-NbN SIR ­ new features

Wednesday, August 30, 2:00pm - 4:00pm; Report 3EG08
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS 37


Nb-AlN-NbN circuits: LW on frequency
20
Nb Nb Nb Nb N, Ib=47mA N, Various Ib , Ib=30mA , Ib=42mA

15 Linewidth (MHz)

10

5

0 350

400

450

500

550

600

650

700

750

FFO Frequency (GHz)
Wednesday, August 30, 2:00pm - 4:00pm; Report 3EG08
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS 38


Nb-AlN-NbN SIR: Tn on FFO frequency
2000 1800
T 3-061#01 T 3-071#01

Noise Temperature (K)

1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 450 500 550 600

650

700

Receiver Frequency (GHz)
Wednesday, August 30, 2:00pm - 4:00pm; Report 3EG08
August 29, 2006 ASC-2006, Seattle - SIR for TELIS 39


SIR for TELIS - Conclusion
· TELIS requirements can be realized for already developed designs and existing technology:
· · · · · · Uncorrected receiver DSB noise temperature is of about 250 K at 600 GHz for SIR with phase-locked FFO; IF bandwidth 4 - 8 GHz was proven, Tn increase < 50 K Beam pattern: FWHM = 3 deg, Sidelobes ­ 17 dB Improved design of the FFO for TELIS: free-running linewidth from 9 to 2 MHz (500 ­ 710 GHz) that allows to phase lock from 35 up to 90 % of FFO power. Spectral resolution < 1 MHz ( < 3 MHz in flight due to DAC) Procedure for remote optimization of the PL SIR operation has been developed and experimentally proven Frequency range 350- 700 GHz; Tn < 250 K; LW < 3 MHz (350-600 GHz), below 10 MHz (600-700 GHz)

· New Nb-AlN-NbN SIRs (ready for first TELIS flight): · First qualification TELIS flight is foreseen in 2007
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