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Поисковые слова: mars polar lander
The Exploration of the Earth's Magnetosphere"

Magnetic Field lines

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Magnetic field lines are imaginary lines used to map magnetic fields (just as lines of latitude and longitude are imaginary lines mapping the face of the Earth).

They follow the direction of a compass needle freely suspended in 3 dimensions.

Michael Faraday originally named them "Lines of Force." They may have convinced him that space around a magnet was somehow modified, leading to the concept of fields, regions of modified space.