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Distribution functions for natural macroprocesses
Georgy S. Golitsyn

A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119017


Registered natural catastrophes for 1991­2000, UN soure
Phenomena
Land slides Droughts/hunger Earthquakes Heat waves Floods Forest & grass fires Volcanic eruptions Storm winds Other

Total number 173 223 221 112 888 123 54 748 25

Number of dead Damage in 109 $ 9550 1.7 280007 30.5 59249 9124 97747 626 942 205635 2718 239.6 16.7 272.8 26.3 0.8 198.1 0.3


Damage from natural catastrophies during 1991­2000, 109 $ USA
450 400 350 300 Damage 250 200 150 100 50 0 1990

Hy dr ometeor ologic al catastr ophies Geophy s ic al catastr ophies

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000


Tsunamies distribution


Cumulative number of cyclones (a) and anticyclones (b) with area S
(a)
5

lgN (S)

(b)
6

lgN (S)

4

5

4
3

3
2

2
1

106,
0 0 5 10 15

2
20 25 30

1

106, 2
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

0

S

S


Cumulative number of cyclones (a) and anticyclones (b) with pressure square deviation (kinetic energy) (p)2
6

lgN (> p2)

(a)

5

(b)

5
4

4
3

3
2

2

1

1

(hP)
0 0 50 100 150 200

2
300 350
0 0 50 100 150 200

250

(p)

2

(p)

2


Distribution functions for tropical cyclones, 1970-1990 from US/Navy CDrom
ln(n) Pacific Atlantics ln(n)

Globally Indian ocean

p, hPa

, days


Tornadoes in Germany

415 tornadoes in Germany (from Dotzek 2003) T -TORRO-scale F - Fujita scale