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The ALMA Development Plan
Leonardo Testi ESO ALMA Programme Scientist

The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012

1


ALMA beyond ALMA
ALMA will allow transformational science thanks to the

sensitivity, angular resolution, spectral coverage and image fidelity, but...
The baseline ALMA project will only achieve a fraction of the full

potential of the site and instrument
Incomplete Receiver Complement Limited Wide Field Capabilities Limited Correlator and Data Rate Capabilities No VLBI capabilities Other potential areas of development: Extended Baselines

(30-50km), Advanced Calibration, Software, Science Tools....
The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012

Leonardo Testi: ALMA, Firenze 24 Gennaio 2012!


2

RAD

(Sub-)mm sky transparency
1,2 & 3 45 6 7 8 9 10

11?

11?

11?

The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012


Examples of Scientific Opportunities
Limited Band 5 Complement

ь Eu FP6 6 B5: just a glimpse at B5 ь Water in the Universe ь [CII] in the range 8 < z < 11 No Band 1 & 2 ь High-z low excitation CO ь Sunyaev-Zeld ovich effect ь Dust Evolution in Protoplanetary Disks 183 GHz H ь Deuterated molecules, low excitation conditions (SMA, Limited correlator/bandwidth/datarate capabilities ь Line surveys, chemistry studies very time consuming Continuum Wide Field Mapping Efficiency ь SZ and Molecular Clouds applications very time consuming ь Instantaneous wide field of view for solar physics

2O maser in NGC3079 Humphreys et al 2005)

The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012

Leonardo Testi: ALMA, Firenze 24 Gennaio 2012!


Dust evolution in disks

Gas

50 cm

(Cossins, Lodato & Testi 2010)

(Hogerheijde et al. 2011)

Dust evolution in the inner disk with ALMA: ьBand 1&2, high angular resolution Water vapour emission: ьBand 5
The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012

5


The high redshift universe
Band 2

Band 1&2 critical for low excitation molecular gas

at high redshift Band 5 for [CII] in z~(8-10.5) range
The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012


Galactic Center Black Hole

ALMA + mmVLBI
The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012

Leonardo Testi: ALMA, Firenze 24 Gennaio 2012!


ASAC Report Jan 2009
The overall scientific priorities for ALMA Development have

been discussed by ASAC and a specifically appointed WG

The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012

8


ALMA Development Plan
· · · · · ·
ADP Principles approved by Board last July Key principle: ALMA Development Program must be driven by science Important to have a single, coherent Program Current anticipated funding of $15M/year Development projects and expenditure on projects will be approved by the ALMA Board ALMA Development Steering Committee (ADSC)

- -

Forum of Executives and JAO for coordination Specific advice to ALMA Director on · Progress towards the delivery of approved projects · Proposals for new development projects · Status of identification of ADP ideas and/or feasibility studies

·

Possibility of GTO

The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012


ALMA Development Program Flow

ALMA Development Plan Studies!
The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012


Example: ESO Process
Following the definition of the overall scientific priorities for

ALMA Development (by ASAC and ad hoc WG), we developed a process to identify European priorities and assess readiness of possible upgrades in Europe
The process involves
ь Open call for Studies ь Scientific/Technical evaluation of Studies to support ь Studies to deliver complete Science Cases and assess readiness of upgrades for implementation (range of possibilities: conceptual design, supporting R&D, detailed design, production and implementation plan) ь Studies duration 1-2 yrs

The process follows the scheme used for some of the VLT

and E-ELT instrument projects. Endorsed by STC/ESAC.
The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012 11


Call Details
Broad Scope:
ь Advance detailed planning on existing projects (e.g. B5) ь Develop detailed plans on a range of projects (e.g. new B, VLBI) ь Identify and support projects that require long R&D, new ideas

Goals
ь Develop European priorities for ALMA Development Plan ь Ensure that R&D, Design, Science/Tech Cases of upgrades are developed to the level to compete for ALMA Development Plan funding

The output of the studies will be detailed science

requirements, design, cost and timeline for ALMA upgrades
ь These studies will be combined with plans advancing in NA and EA to produce a coherent ALMA Development Plan for ALMA

Timeline:
ь Call in July 2010, info meeting on July 19 at ESO, deadline Sept 15 ь Proposal evaluation in second half of 2010 ь Studies lifecycle: 2011-2013
The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012 12


Ongoing studies
B9 2SB upgrade - NOVA Phasing up ALMA for VLBI - MPIfR B5 full production preparations ­ FP6 Consortium+NOVA Developments for a Band 2/3 system ­ STFC/IRAM/INAF Science, Tools and Technology for Supra-THz - STFC Implications/cost on backends of doubling bandwidth ­ ESO
15

The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012


Example: Band 5 Study
Approaching completion (Review Feb 9) Preproduction of six cartridges from EC-FP6 Science Case for full production from EC-FP6 Optimization of design for production from EC-FP6/NOVA Cost analysis, procurement and risk analysis from NOVA Production plan from NOVA
16

The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012


Other regions
A similar process is also proceeding in the other regions North America
ь ь ь ь ь ь ь ь Advanced design/prototyping of Band 1, also Band 2 Upgrades of existing bands (B6) VLBI ­ EHT project High frequency (possibly dual frequency and/or multibeam) Band 1 (ASIAA), possible development for Band 2 Upgrade of existing bands (B4) Upgrade of the LO system Band 11, multibeam developments

East Asia

Chile
ь Band 1
The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012 17


Summary
The ALMA partners recognize the importance of

continuous upgrades and developments The ALMA Development Plan priorities are science driven with strong input from community In all regions several study projects for upgrades have started and are at different levels of completion Most advanced upgrade projects
ьVLBI capabilities ьBand 5 and Band 1 ьLO system upgrade
The ALMA Development Plan, Sydney, 6 Feb 2012 18