Schematic overview of markup languages
The following document provides a schematic overview of a selection of frequently used elements of the markup languages HTML and LATEX. This overview is not complete, and it is not intended to serve as an introduction to these languages. For more information on HTML and LATEX please check the external links. No responsibility is taken for the correctness of the information provided on this page.
Font and character settings
| Element | HTML 4 | CSS 2 | LATEX 2ε |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bold |
<b>...</b>
|
font-weight:bold;
|
\textbf{...}
|
| Italic |
<i>...</i>
|
font-style:italic;
|
\textit{...}
|
| Slanted |
|
font-style:oblique;
|
\textsl{...}
|
| Teletype |
<tt>...</tt>
|
font-family:monospace;
|
\texttt{...}
|
| Small capitals |
|
font-variant:small-caps;
|
\textsc{...}
|
| Sans-serif |
|
font-family:sans-serif;
|
\textsf{...}
|
| Emphasis |
<em>...</em>
|
|
\emph{...}
|
| Superscript |
<sup>...</sup>
|
|
^{...} (in math mode)
|
| Subscript |
<sub>...</sub>
|
|
_{...} (in math mode)
|
Note that in HTML 5 the <b> and <i> elements have a different meaning and the <tt> element is no longer supported.
Document structure
| Element | HTML 4 / 5 | LATEX 2ε |
|---|---|---|
| Heading |
<h1>...</h1><h2>...</h2><h3>...</h3><h4>...</h4><h5>...</h5><h6>...</h6>
|
\begin{chapter}...\end{chapter} (only for books)\begin{section}...\end{section}\begin{subsection}...\end{subsection}\begin{subsubsection}...\end{subsubsection}
|
| Paragraph |
<p>...</p>
|
Separated by two line breaks in the source file |
| Line break |
<br />
|
\\
|
| Unordered list |
<ul> <li>...</li></ul>
|
\begin{itemize} \item ...\end{itemize}
|
| Ordered list |
<ol> <li>...</li></ol>
|
\begin{enumerate} \item ...\end{enumerate}
|
| Definition list |
<dl> <dt>...</dt> <dd>...</dd></dl>
|
\begin{description} \item[...] ...\end{description}
|
| Footnote |
|
\footnote{...}
|
| Internal references |
Anchor:id="..."Reference: <a href="#...">...</a>
|
Anchor:\label{...}Reference: \ref{...}
|
| External references |
<a href="...">...</a>
|
|
Note that in HTML 5 the <h1> to <h6> elements have a slightly different meaning.
Tables, figures, and equations
| Element | HTML 5 | LATEX 2ε |
|---|---|---|
| Table with content |
<table> <caption>...</caption> <tr> <th>...</th> </tr> <tr> <td>...</td> </tr></table>
|
\begin{table}[...] \caption{...} \begin{tabular}{...} ... & ... & ... \\ \end{tabular}\end{table}
|
| Image / figure |
<figure>
|
\begin{figure}[...] \includegraphics[width=,heigh=]{...} \caption{...}\end{figure}(Requires package graphicx)
|
| Equation |
<math>...</math>(Requires MathML, implicitly embedded in HTML 5) |
As a separate paragraph:\begin{equation}...\end{equation}Within the text: $...$
|
Note that in HTML 4 the <figure> and <figcaption> elements are not supported, and the <math> element will require MathML to be explicitly embedded.