Äîêóìåíò âçÿò èç êýøà ïîèñêîâîé ìàøèíû. Àäðåñ îðèãèíàëüíîãî äîêóìåíòà : http://www.atnf.csiro.au/people/Tasso.Tzioumis/sms2014/presentations/Ohishi(EMC).pptx.pdf Äàòà èçìåíåíèÿ: Sun May 18 12:33:51 2014 Äàòà èíäåêñèðîâàíèÿ: Mon Apr 11 17:42:23 2016 Êîäèðîâêà: Ïîèñêîâûå ñëîâà: ngc 4676

Electro Magnetic Compatibility

Masatoshi Ohishi
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan IUCAF Chairman


Radio Noise

2014 April 10

IUCAF School in Santiago


EMC

·

is a branch of electrical sciences which studies the unintentional generation, propagation and reception of electromagnetic energy with reference to the unwanted effects (interference, or EMI) that such energy may induce aims to ensure that equipment items or systems will not interfere with or prevent each other's correct operation through spurious emission and absorption of EMI is the control of EMI so that unwanted effects are prevented
IUCAF School in Santiago

·

·

2014 April 10


Standardization Bodies for EMC Regulations
International Regional National IEC TC77 Europe CEN US FCC CISPR CENELEC SAE ISO ETSI UK BSI DE VDE JP, CN, KR,,,,
IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission ISO: International Organization for Standardization CENELEC: ComitÈ EuropÈen de Normalisation Electrotechniques ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute FCC: Federal Communications Commission
2014 April 10 IUCAF School in Santiago


CISPR ComitÈ International SpÈcial des Perturbations RadioÈlectriques

CEPT, EBU, ETSI, IARU, ISO, ITU-R, ITU-T are liaison members of CISPR
2014 April 10 IUCAF School in Santiago


CISPR Publications (1 )

· · ·

CISPR 11 - Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) Radio-Frequency Equipment -Electromagnetic Disturbance Characteristics -Limits and Methods of Measurement. CISPR 12 - Vehicles, boats, and internal combustion engine driven devices -radio disturbance characteristics -limits and methods of measurement CISPR 14 - Electromagnetic Compatibility -Requirements for Household Appliance, Electric Tools, and Similar Apparatus: 1) Emissions, 2) Immunity.
IUCAF School in Santiago

2014 April 10


CISPR Publications (2 )

· · · ·

2014 April 10

CISPR 15 - Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of Electrical lighting and similar equipment. CISPR 22 - Information Technology Equipment -Radio Disturbance Characteristics -- Limits and Methods of Measurement. CISPR 24 - Information Technology Equipment -Immunity characteristics -- Limits and Methods of Measurement. CISPR 25 - Radio disturbance characteristics for the protection of receivers used on board vehicles, boats, and on devices -- Limits and Methods of Measurement.
IUCAF School in Santiago


CISPR Publications (3 )

·

CISPR 16 ­ Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods

2014 April 10

IUCAF School in Santiago


Q.P.

· ·

Defined in CISPR 16: specifying equipment and methods for measuring disturbances and immunity; specific to EMI measurement Was believed to better indicate the subjective annoyance level experienced by a listener hearing impulsive interference to an AM radio station

2014 April 10

IUCAF School in Santiago


Measure, measure,,,

2014 April 10

IUCAF School in Santiago


Coupling Mechanisms

2014 April 10

IUCAF School in Santiago


In CISPR

·

Limits are defined: > Freq < 30 MHz ­ conductive emissions by means of "voltage" or "common-mode current" > Freq > 30 MHz ­ radiative emissions by means of electric field strength at 10 m

2014 April 10

IUCAF School in Santiago


CISPR 22: conductive emissions at a telecommunication por t
Class A: for industrial use
Freq. Range (MHz) 0.15 ~ 0.5 0.5 ~ 30 Voltage Limits dB(µV) Quasi Peak 97~87 87 Average 84~74 74 Common-mode current Limits dB(µA) Quasi Peak 53~43 43 Average 40~30 30

Class B: for residential use
Freq. Range (MHz) 0.15 ~ 0.5 0.5 ~ 30 Voltage Limits dB(µV) Quasi Peak 84~74 74 Average 74~64 64 Common-mode current Limits dB(µA) Quasi Peak 40~30 30 Average 30~20 20

V (dB(µV)) = A (dB(µA))+20log150 = A (dB(µA))+44
2014 April 10 IUCAF School in Santiago


CISPR 22: radiative emissions at a distance of 10m
Class A: for industrial use
Freq. Range (MHz) 30 ~ 230 230 ~ 1000 Field Limits dB(µV/m) Quasi Peak 40 47

Class B: for residential use
Freq. Range (MHz) 30 ~ 230 230 ~ 1000
2014 April 10 IUCAF School in Santiago

Field Limits dB(µV/m) Quasi Peak 30 37


International ­ Regional - National

2014 April 10

IUCAF School in Santiago


One Odd Example -- PLT
Make use of radio frequency signals applied on the power lines used for the distribution of mains electricity. Because electrical power lines are not designed for the transmission of high data rate signals, PLT signals on electrical power lines have the potential of causing interference to radiocommunication services.

ÞPLT devices are ÞCISPR22 seems
2014 April 10

regarded to be ITE to be applied

IUCAF School in Santiago


Photos

2014 April 10

IUCAF School in Santiago


West

HD-PLC

5m

10m

LIMITS

30m

Ambient @ 10m

2014 April 10

IUCAF School in Santiago


Measurements in Canada (from Rep. ITU-R SM.2158 )

2014 April 10

IUCAF School in Santiago


Common Mode Current (CMI) Distribution
Exceeds the CMI limit at around ~3MHz (by ~20dB) Larger than at modem output Very large variation Max - Min ~ 60dB Þ Standing wave / mechanism to generate CMI


Radiation Mechanism

2014 April 10

IUCAF School in Santiago


Summary

· · · ·

Radio noise from "unintentional radiators" are regulated according to CISPR publications and their regional/national variances. For most cases CISPR standards work There are exceptions that the CISPR regulations can not work. ITU-R needs to collaborate with CISPR for suppressing radiated emissions to protect radiocommunication services.

2014 April 10

IUCAF School in Santiago