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Bulge Formation and Inside-Out Quenching in z~2 Galaxies
Sandro Tacchella

C. M. Carollo, A. Dekel, A. Renzini, N. M. FЖrster Schreiber, R. Genzel, S. J. Lilly

D. Ceverino, G. Cresci, C. DeGraf, P. Lang, C. Mancini, N. Mandelker, S. Newman, M. Onodera, J. R. Primack, A. Shapley, L. Tacconi, J. Woo, S. Wuyts, G. Zamorani, A. Zolotov


Mass Functions of Star-Forming and Quiescent Galaxies

e.g., Peng+ (2010); Ilbert+ (2013); Muzzin+ (2013)
June 12, 2015 Sandro Tacchella, ETH 2


Questions
"Galaxies are not points!" (Mark)

How do the stellar mass and SFR in bulges and disks build up in galaxies with cosmic time? Which physical process(es) derive the evolution of the density profiles? How does shut down of star-formation ("quenching") progress in massive galaxies?

June 12, 2015

Sandro Tacchella, ETH

3


SINS/zC-SINF Program
Newman et al 2013, FЖrster-Schreiber et al 2014, Genzel et al 2014ab Reinhard's Talk

55 HST/WFC3 Orbits
Co-PIs: FЖrster Schreiber & Carollo
Tacchella+ (2015a)

300 hr VLT/SINFONI AO
PI: Renzini
FЖrster Schreiber+ (2015, in prep.)

J+H-band imaging (4000A-break) continuum morphologies stellar mass distribution

K-band Integral Field Spectroscopy H emission line maps ionized gas kinematics

29 galaxies at a spatial resolution of ~1-2 kpc ! Local comparison of stellar mass density and SFR density within galaxies
June 12, 2015 Sandro Tacchella, ETH 4


Sample on the Main Sequence

~200 M yr

-1

· covering a wide range
of the M-SFR plane

· representative of the star-
forming "Main Sequence"

Tacchella+ (2015a)

e.g., Daddi et al 2007; Noeske et al 2007; Rodighiero et al 2011; Whitaker et al 2012 June 12, 2015 Sandro Tacchella, ETH 5


Stellar Mass and SFR on 1-2 kpc
HST/WFC3 H VLT/SINFONI H
Mass

from HST/WFC3



SFR

from VLT/SINFONI

~10
D3A-6004

10

M kp

c-2

~10 M yr-1 kpc-2

5 kpc

~10 M kp

8

c-2

~1 M yr-1 kpc-2

ZC-400569
5 kpc

Tacchella+ Science (2015b)
June 12, 2015 Sandro Tacchella, ETH 6


Distribution of Stellar Mass and Star Formation Density
low mass --------> high mass

Stellar mass more centrally concentrated than SFR density Steeper stellar mass density profiles with increasing mass Most massive galaxies have suppressed central sSFR
Tacchella+ Science (2015b)
June 12, 2015 Sandro Tacchella, ETH 7


Quenching Timescales within M ~ 1011 M z~2 Galaxies

evolve M profile using SFR profile star formation history constrained to Main Sequence at all z
Tacchella+ Science (2015b)
June 12, 2015 Sandro Tacchella, ETH 8


Quenching Timescales within M ~ 1011 M z~2 Galaxies

infer how quenching progresses with radius: inside-out quenching!
Tacchella+ Science (2015b)
June 12, 2015 Sandro Tacchella, ETH

AGN? Gas supply cut-off? morphological Q? ...?
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Zoom-in Cosmological Simulations with ART
Kravtsov+ 1997, 2003; Ceverino+ 2009, 2010, 2014
Talks by Daniel & Colin

· · · · ·

26 simulations with identical initial conditions halo masses of 1011­1012 M at z~2 stellar masses of 2x109­6x1010 M at z~2 maximal AMR resolution of ~25 pc thermal & radiative feedback from stellar winds and SNe no shutdown of cooling no AGNs

June 12, 2015

Sandro Tacchella, ETH

10


Evolution of Density Profiles in Simulations

Tacchella, Dekel, Carollo+ (in prep)
June 12, 2015 Sandro Tacchella, ETH 11


Simulations: Stellar Mass Growth

low mass: rate of stellar mass increase the same at all radii high mass: concurrent growth at high-z; saturation of central stellar mass at z~3
Tacchella, Dekel, Carollo+ (in prep)
June 12, 2015 Sandro Tacchella, ETH 12


Evolution of the Average Size

Tacchella, Dekel, Carollo+ (in prep)
June 12, 2015 Sandro Tacchella, ETH 13


Phase of Compaction
pre-BN BN post-BN

stellar mass profiles:
- growth self-similar - convergence

gas mass and SFR profiles:
- cusp in the blue nugget phase - ring thereafter

sSFR profiles:
- inside-out quenching
Tacchella, Dekel, Carollo+ (in prep)
June 12, 2015 Sandro Tacchella, ETH 14


Comparison: Simulations -- Observations

merging?

similar quenching progression in empirical model and simulations

Tacchella, Dekel, Carollo+ (in prep)
June 12, 2015 Sandro Tacchella, ETH 15


Conclusions
Observations of z~2 star-forming galaxies:
- massive z~2 galaxies have central stellar mass density similar to today's massive ellipticals - reduced star-formation activity first in the center quench inside-out

Simulations:
- stellar mass assembly (incl. inside-out quenching) consistent with observations

Evolutionary pattern:
- internal gas processes are key - wet compaction event typically occurs at z~2-4 cuspy gas and SFR profile - peak in SFR and the associated feedback marks the onset of gas depletion from the central 1 kpc, which leads to quenching of the central SFR - star-forming ring that forms by fresh gas quench inside-out - long-term quenching in hot massive halos at low redshifts, when trep > tdep
pre-BN BN post-BN quenching

trep < tdep (z > 3) Mhalo < Mshock
June 12, 2015 Sandro Tacchella, ETH

trep > tdep (z < 3) Mhalo > Mshock

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