Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4
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Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4
| Description: | Perform search and replace operations on response bodies |
|---|---|
| Status: | Extension |
| Module Identifier: | substitute_module |
| Source File: | mod_substitute.c |
| Compatibility: | Available in Apache HTTP Server 2.2.7 and later |
mod_substitute provides a mechanism to perform
both regular expression and fixed string substitutions on
response bodies.
| Description: | Pattern to filter the response content |
|---|---|
| Syntax: | Substitute s/pattern/substitution/[infq] |
| Context: | directory, .htaccess |
| Override: | FileInfo |
| Status: | Extension |
| Module: | mod_substitute |
The Substitute directive specifies a
search and replace pattern to apply to the response body.
The meaning of the pattern can be modified by using any combination of these flags:
inn flag forces the pattern to be treated
as a fixed string.ff flag causes mod_substitute to flatten the
result of a substitution allowing for later substitutions to
take place on the boundary of this one. This is the default.qq flag causes mod_substitute to not
flatten the buckets after each substitution. This can
result in much faster response and a decrease in memory
utilization, but should only be used if there is no possibility
that the result of one substitution will ever match a pattern
or regex of a subsequent one.
<Location />
AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE text/html
Substitute s/foo/bar/ni
</Location>
If either the pattern or the substitution contain a slash character then an alternative delimiter should be used:
<Location />
AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE text/html
Substitute "s|<BR */?>|<br />|i"
</Location>
Backreferences can be used in the comparison and in the substitution, when regular expressions are used, as illustrated in the following example:
<Location />
AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE text/html
# "foo=k,bar=k" -> "foo/bar=k"
Substitute "s|foo=(\w+),bar=\1|foo/bar=$1"
</Location>
A common use scenario for mod_substitute is the
situation in which a front-end server proxies requests to a back-end
server which returns HTML with hard-coded embedded URLs that refer
to the back-end server. These URLs don't work for the end-user,
since the back-end server is unreachable.
In this case, mod_substutite can be used to rewrite
those URLs into something that will work from the front end:
ProxyPass /blog/ http://internal.blog.example.com
ProxyPassReverse /blog/ http://internal.blog.example.com/
Substitute "s|http://internal.blog.example.com/|http://www.example.com/blog/|i"
ProxyPassReverse
modifies any Location (redirect) headers that are sent
by the back-end server, and, in this example,
Substitute takes care of the rest of the problem by
fixing up the HTML response as well.