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- - - . ..

.. , ..

- LX200 -8
(- )

-
2007

.

1

.
. , , . . , , , . () . 20m . LX200 (D=40 ), - -8 (D=70 ) . - ST-7XME. , ST-7XME LX200 -8, . , .

. .
CCD (charge couple device) ( ) 60- , 1975 . , , , . , . . , , . , , . -

2 , . -, , , ( 0.4 ) (0.9 ) . - , .. , . , , , , . 80%. - 50-60%, , . , . , , . - "fringes" ("") , R I. , . ST-7XME . 1 . . 77 2727 . , , ( ) . , . , , , : 1 (HIGH), 22 (MEDIUM) 33 (LOW). , /. , .

. .

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. 1: ST-7XME KAF-0404ME. ( ) . . , , . 512512 20482048 . . . , () (). , , , , -. . , . , , /. - , , . ,

4 , , . . 9 . -, , , , . , . , , , . , dark - , , . dark, , . , , . 0.999 65% . 0.9999 В 0.99999 , .. 5%. , , , , , , . , " ", . " " , . . , " " . , /. -, . , . . , , , , .

. .

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. , , , , . - , ( "bias"), . (, ) bias, , , , dark.

, . , , 105 - 106 . 1 , 7- V c 0.5 . , . . . , , , (). (, "" , .) , , , , .

, , , , , 0.1 , . , . USB. [1-5].

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ST-7XME.
ST7XME. SBIG (Santa Barbara Instrumental Group), . . 2.

. 2: ST-7XME CFW-10. , , Kodak ST-7XME: ST-7 765 в 510 9в9 6.9в 4.6 1e-/pixel/sec 0o C 15e-

. 1. ST-7 XME , . H .

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UBV RI , . , : , 0 45 Q U. , , , 0.5%. , - . ST-7XME . , , , , , . , , tab ob.txt, C:\UTILS. 2000 . . UTILS timespb.exe LX200 timeut.exe -8. , . CCDOPS ( ST-7). :

1. , , CCDOPS : CAMERA SETUP. (. 3) , 25 . CCCDOPS. . 2. , : FILE: CREATE DIRECTORY: YYYYMMDD. 3. - . .

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. 3: CCDOPS

4. FILTER. - UBVRI. , I V, U, B, V. 1 5. CCDOPS FOCUS. , , . , . , . , , R : CAMERA SETUP resolution: HIGH, , , 1 , -8 CFW-8; CFW-10 LX-200 .

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. (.. , ). -8 , . MEDIUM. 6. GRAB. , . : ob ject00x.fit. . , , FITS (FIT, FTS)-: FITSVIEW, DS9 . , , . , ( /!) 1.5, , . , ґ . , , 30000. . GRAB: , NONE. , . Crosshairs. , , , . , V, B, U, , R I. (. 1) . 60s . . 17m 5-7. . 7. . 5 BIAS, . BIAS . (. . 4, 5).

10 GRAB:

. 4: 1- CCDOPS bias.

. 5: 2- CCDOPS bias.

DARK (. . 6). - , : dark1, dark2 .. , 60s . DARK , . . . Dark frame: NONE (. . 7). GRAB:

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. 6: CCDOPS .

. 7: CCDOPS .

Exposure time: Dark frame: Special Processing: Set name/Dir: OK

NONE AUTOGRAB - YYYYMMDD ob jectfilter

( DARK), : CAMERA SETUP active off. , : CAMERASHUTDOWN. CCDOPS . 8. , .

12 , . , , . , , , , . ffe ( ) ffw ( ) .2 5-10 , - 5, - 15000. ( 1000 В 2000) .

LX200.
LX200 2005 . MEADE , , - . - -, D = 406.4 (16"), F = 4064 , D/F = 1/10. , -, . . - . ST-7XME 1.1"/ 14 x 9.5 . 19m . , . 145 000 , . GPS-, 1 . , . . , ґ . (
2

-8.

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, , , ), , 0.75 . LX200 , , . , LX200, , UBV(RI)c H , . . , . Q X, U Y. CCDOPS: FILTER. , .

-8.
-8, 70 , . - , 1/4. -8 , , , , , , . . . R, , , , ( ) . , . , ( ).

14 -8 .

.
.
- , , . /. , , (. [6,7]): B = f D(t )1/2 , · s1/2

B - /, f - /2 · c, D - , t - , - , - , s - /2 · c · . , , . . , , , . , , . , . , - . : PSF (Point-Spread-Function) - . , ( ) .

.

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. I S +F N S +F , I F - N F , : minstr = -2.5 · lg I S +F - N S +F /N F · I F . , , , . , . PSF - . , : : : G(r) exp(- L(r)
1+ 1
r2 2

r2 22

);

;

:

M (r)
1+

1
r2 2

,

- , - . , - . PSF . , , , , . : · · · · .

.
, IDL. -

16 , , , - , , , . IDL File Preferences Startup , . st7blx ( LX200) st7b ( -8) . ob jectname00.fit ob jectname.00 , (, , tabob.txt), . , : "all files renamed, additional information inserted in headers". bias3smo oth. dark1, dark2... . , bias dark. GOODFITS. , , , / . 60 LX-200 -8 , , , , .. , /, , , . PREPROCESS, . ( ) [8]. , , , , PPR. , . , , imagesum.ppr. imagesum.bat. : imagesum.bat . . PPR , s. -

. .

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, batch- . :
set pprpath=..\suppl\ set path=..\suppl\ copy %1r.* filer.* %pprpath%preprocess.exe imagsum.ppr -PFilter=r copy filers.fts %1rs.fts del file*.*

Param.Filter = f Param.File = file$(Filter) Param.Camera = azt8 Compose = TRUE Compose.Technique = SUM Compose.NormalizeOn = NONE Compose.OffsetBy = NONE Compose.ResultType = INTERSECTION Compose.FinalImage = $(File)s.fts Recenter = TRUE Recenter.Accuracy = FULL Recenter.Tolerance = 3 Recenter.MaxShift = 10 Recenter.MinOb jectsNumber = 2 Recenter.ResamplingTecnique = LINEAR Recenter.SextractorFile = $(Camera).sex Process = TRUE Process.Flat = ff$(Filter).fts Process.Bias = #100 Directory.TemporaryPath = c:\temp Source = $(File).*

, imagesum.bat flat.bat. . - , FITSVIEW DS9. , - (, - ). , .

18 photometric stability, 1-2% ; B V - 5%. , . . 8 9 , ("") .

. 8: 3345 I

, IRAF, MIDAS, : STARMAN, ROMAFOT, DoPHOT, DAOFOT, SExtractor . -8 LX-200, , 8, , SExtractor [9]. PHOT0703. PSF-; ; , . Windows (>2000) OS/2, FAR Total Commander (File Commander OS/2).

.

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. 9: . PHOT0703 SExtractor, , . SExtractor . 10. , , , , . PHOT0703. , , PHOT0703. (U, B, V, R, I) - , . 9 . (x, y) - ob jectname.msk, , - . PARAM.TXT. , , , -

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. 10: SExtractor [9]). . SExtractor ASCII st7.sex, . , , . 1.5 - 2 , , 0.1 . sex2.bat ( ) autohot.exe ( ). , FAR " " FTS : "sex2.bat ! fts cat". SUPPL , SExtractor, . ,

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, , (FWHM). , , . FWHM . , 1.55 FWHM+1. SExtractor, . ( ) . , . , , , . "Num. of configs" 1, , , , . , - , "" , " b(righter)". , (Num. of configs = 0). , (5 ). , " t(hreshold) , . , , , , ( , BL Lac Mkn501). , . sex_auto.bat, %path%insfwhm2 ( "rem") rem %path%insfwhmf, SUPPL FWHM.dat, ( FWHM=8). -, params.txt. , -

22 : maskfile = 3c345 psf = 1.0 , 3c345.msk, a = 1.55 f whm + 1 maskfile = 3c371dss psf = f8 (f ) 8 . , . , . , , autophot. . autophot.exe () , , .3 fts , dat hdr. ob jectname.dat FWHM (Full Width Half Maximum). ob jectname.hdr fits-. , , . . , (. ). , , . 1 1 . tablet.exe. : , ; ; . - , FWHM . , , , (.. ), .
3

.

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. 11: 366 , . : , ( ), . , convert_system, , UBV(RI)c . param.txt standart.exe. . POLAR3, . , , , 4 . . , . ( (. 11) 15.1o ).
4 LX-200 ,

24 Qrs.dat, Urs.dat, ( , autophot), , , , , . , - ( ) , , . , , . R, p olparR.bat . - . , - , , . . Prall PPPr. , , , , FWHM , . , , - . , -, , / . , , Prall PPPr. . -8 R . , . , P H OT _P OLAR, , , -

.

25

. , , , .

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1. . 5, 2. . http://dssplab.karelia.ru/%7Eivash/MOPT_b/texts/glava5_2.html 2. .., .., " 4-5, 1999 . http://www.ess.ru/publications/articles/nikulin2/nikulin.htm 3. .., .., .. - . . .. , . http://www.keldysh.ru/papers/2003/prep85/prep2003_85.html 4. . , Daily Digital Digest, . 3 (-), http://www.3dnews.ru/digital/photo-matrix/print 5. ., . . http://www.ferra.ru/online/digiphoto/s27151/ 6. .., , 1980, . 7. ., . http://www.astro.spbu.ru/WWW/staff/dio/StPhoto/StPhoto.html 8. Di Paola A., Preprocess, http://preprocess.mporzio.astro.it/ 9. Bertin, E. & Arnouts, S., 1996, Astronomy & Astrophysics Supplement, 117, 393, http://terapix.iap.fr/rubrique.php?id_rubrique=91

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