Äîêóìåíò âçÿò èç êýøà ïîèñêîâîé ìàøèíû. Àäðåñ îðèãèíàëüíîãî äîêóìåíòà : http://www.astro.spbu.ru/staff/ilin2/EDU/Pages_1-109.pdf Äàòà èçìåíåíèÿ: Fri Nov 19 16:15:13 2010 Äàòà èíäåêñèðîâàíèÿ: Tue Oct 2 00:23:01 2012 Êîäèðîâêà: Windows-1251 Ïîèñêîâûå ñëîâà: ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ð ï ð ï ð ï ð ï ð ï ð ï ð ï ð ï ð ï ð ï ð ï ð ï ð ï ð ï

Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,

ëíêìäíìêõ ÑÄççõï à èêéÉêÄååàêéÇÄçàÖ Ç MIDAS
ì~žÌÓ ÔÓÒӞˠÎfl ÒÚÛÂÌÚÓ, ÒÚðÓÌÓÏË~ÂÒÍËi ÓÚÂÎÂÌËÈ ÛÌË,ÂðÒËÚÂÚÓ,

ëÌÍÚ-èÂÚÂðžÛð,, ÇÇå 2006


46 - - : . . . , . . .

46

. ., . . MIDAS: . -- .: , 2006. -- 000 . ISBN 5-9651-0241-?

MIDAS (Munich Image Data Analysis System), (ESO), . MIDAS. -- () , . , . MIDAS, , , , /, / . , - 4- ( , 4 ) . MIDAS Linux, MIDAS, Python- MIDAS -. , MIDAS .

( 2.1.1.2852). .. -8542.2005.2.

ISBN 5-9651-0241-?

¿ . . , . . , 2006 ¿ '', 2006


ëéÑÖêÜÄçàÖ
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I. MIDAS . . . . . II. MIDAS . . . . . III. MIDAS . . . IV. MIDAS . . . . V. MIDAS. . . . . VI. MIDAS . . VII. / MIDAS VIII. IX. MIDAS . : . Linux . . . MIDAS . . . . . . . . . PyMIDAS -- Python- . - MIDAS . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. MI .. ... ... DAS ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 000 000 000 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. MI .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... DAS ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 11 21 33 40 57 67 84 95 110


èêÖÑàëãéÇàÖ . , . , , . , . , , . : , , , . . , , , . , , . MIDAS, IRAF, AIPS STARLINK IDL.


èðÂËÒÎÓ,ËÂ

5

1. ëËÒÚÂÏ MIDAS -- Munich Image Data Analysis System

(European Southern Observatory, SO). MIDAS 1979 , , , . 1982 MIDAS ESO. 300 -. , MIDAS. 400 ( 300 ). MIDAS : ; ( ); : , , , , , fit; / ; ; . MIDAS : ; (/, . .); (, , , - . .); ; (, , , ); , ; , , , . .


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

(. ): : / , , , , , , MIDAS-, , , . .; ; () . MIDAS . , / , . . . 77 MIDAS. http://www.eso.org/projects/esomidas/.
2. ëËÒÚÂÏ IRAF -- Image Reduction and Analysis Facility

(National Optical Astronomy Observatory, NOAO, , ). , . / FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) , , , , , , . . , , : FTOOLS -- , FITS-;


èðÂËÒÎÓ,ËÂ

7

CRUTIL -- , ; FINDER -- Guide Star Catalogue; FOCAS -- , , ; DIGIPHOTX -- DAOPHOT; COLOR -- RGB-; ESOWFI -- ; MSCRED -- -; IMMATCHX -- ; ICE -- - IRAF; GMISC -- , Gemini; STSDAS -- , Hubble Space Telescope; EUV -- , Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer; XRAY -- . , , , - . IRAF UNIX, Solaris. . http://iraf.noao.edu .
3. ëËÒÚÂÏ AIPS -- Astronomical Image Processing System

1978 (National Radio Astronomy Observatory, NRAO, ). , . 400 000


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

(on-line) , 2300 , 350 . - , , VLA (Very Large Array) NRAO. . http://www.aoc.nrao.edu/aips/ .
4. ëËÒÚÂÏ STARLINK

STARLINK -- , , . . : , , , , , , , . . STARLINK , , , , . . -- http://star-www.rl.ac.uk/ .
5. ëËÒÚÂÏ IDL -- Interactive Data Language

IDL -- . , , . , , . , IDL , , , , . -


èðÂËÒÎÓ,ËÂ

9

( ) . ( -- -- -- ) IDL. http://www.ittvis.com/idl/ . , , , : , . , , , . , . , . , , FITS-, ds9, skycat, Aladin. , TOPCAT. - -- , . - . : , -- . , , MIDAS IRAF MIDAS STARLINK, ds9, skycat --


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

Aladin -- . . , , , . MIDAS. , MIDAS, , , , . Linux, MIDAS, , Python- MIDAS. . .., . .. . .. , , . .. - , , .


0. áÄèìëä à êÄÅéíÄ ë MIDAS

1. áÔÛÒÍ ÒËÒÚÂÏœ

MIDAS 4 inmidas, gomidas, helpmidas, drs. Linux (Unix) man (. ).
1.1.äÓÏÌ inmidas

MIDAS , inmidas. MIDAS- MIDAS. , , /midwork. MIDAS, . inmidas . , man inmidas, , inmidas -help. :
Usage: inmidas [unit] [-h midashome] [-r midvers] [-d display] [-p/-P/-nop] [-m mid_work] [-noh] [-j "midas-command-line"] [-help]

: unit . 00 99, MIDAS .


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

unit -- xa zz, , . . ASCII-. 00; -p/-P/-nop MIDAS . MIDAS ( ). -p -P, . -nop . , inmidas inmidas 00 /midwork, , , MIDAS-. -p -P, , MIDAS- (, , ). :
inmidas 00 00 (, , 00, , FORGR00.CTX, FORGR00.KEY, FORGR00.LOG); inmidas 10 -p 10 ; inmidas xx MIDAS .

, (, 10) MIDAS :
Unit 10 is locked by another MIDAS session. To unlock just continue. Do you want to continue [yn]? (n): -r midvers MIDAS. , inmidas . , . , MIDAS 03SEP :


0. áÔÛÒÍ Ë ðžÓÚ Ò MIDAS

13

inmidas -r 03SEP -h midashome , MIDAS, . midashome MIDAS- MIDASHOME. 03SEP, /users/my/proba, inmidas -r 03SEP -h /users/my/proba -m mid_work . /midwork , MIDAS. , 03SEP, /users/my/proba, /users/my/proba/my_observations inmidas -r 03SEP -h /users/my/proba -m /users/my/proba/my_observations -d display X- . , X Windows , MIDAS . , 0.0 gong.astro.spbu.ru inmidas 00 -d gong.astro.spbu.ru:0.0 -j "midas_command" MIDAS- MIDAS, . -noh MIDAS. -help inmidas.
1.2. äÓÏÌ gomidas

gomidas . inmidas , /midwork. gomidas : -d display -m midwork


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

, inmidas. inmidas . gomidas , , . , .
1.3. äÓÏÌ helpmidas

helpmidas MIDAS. : -d display -m midwork -r midvers -h midashome , inmidas.
1.4. äÓÏÌ drs

MIDAS Linux.
drs [-d(ebug)] [-u(pdate)] [-f(its output)] Midas_command

: -d Midas_command; -u FITS-, , , ; -f , , FITS-; -h . , Midas_command, drs, FITS- -


0. áÔÛÒÍ Ë ðžÓÚ Ò MIDAS

15

, , MIDAS (.bdf, .tbl), . , drs MIDAS, . , - Linux * ) \, \* \), . , FITS , qq FITS- : drs read/descr ima0001.fits qq\* drs read/descr ima0001.fits "qq*" FITS- , ESO, : drs -u delete/descr ima0001.fits ESO.\* , FITS- MIDAS. , , , ESO, , FITS-. -u. , ima0001.fits .
2. ç~ÎÓ Ë ÓÍÓÌ~ÌË ðžÓÚœ , MIDAS

, MIDAS Linux inmidas , . , , MIDAS, Midas 001> , 001 -- , . MIDAS. , MIDAS BYE


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

MIDAS gomidas, .
3. èÍÂÚÌœÈ Ë ËÌÚÂðÍÚË,ÌœÈ ðÂÊËÏœ ðžÓÚœ

, MIDAS . MIDAS . , MIDAS, (), MIDAS , . . , . , , .
4. áÏÂ~ÌËfl Óž ËÌÚÂðÍÚË,ÌÓÏ ðÂÊËÏÂ

MIDAS , , . MIDAS-. : MIDAS- , . . . (, , , , . Linux , , , test.bdf, MIDAS-. READ/DESCRIPTOR TEST, TEST.bdf .) 256 . -- ().


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17

EXTRACT/IMA pice = testima[100,120:200,220]


EXTRACT/IMA pice = testima[100,120:200,220]

, ;. ! . , . MIDAS, . P1, P2, ..., P8, , . . (, P1-P8 ) STAT/IMA testima [<,<:>,>] ? ? ? test P STAT/IMA testima P6=test P7=P STAT/IMA FRAME=testima OUTTAB=test PLOT=P , Ctrl C. , MIDAS , , MIDAS- . 15 . SET/BUFFER. , Enter. , , , . , MIDAS 3;4 3 4. , : . , , WRITE : :WRITE


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

, MIDAS- ! , . 10- 10. , :. . , WRITE, :.WRITE ! ( .:WRITE) , / . , , \ Enter. , \ Enter. MIDAS , $ . , $ ls MIDAS . , , , : SHOW/TABLE mytable -- mytable.tbl EDIT/TABLE . -- EDIT/TABLE mytable . yourtable -- EDIT/TABLE yourtable MIDAS , . . -- -DIR $ls -COPY $cp -@ $sh


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-DELCNF -DELETE -RENAME -TYPE -MORE -PRINT

$rm -i $rm -f $mv $cat $page $lpr

, -COPY MID_WORK:tmp.tbl ./ MIDAS MIDAS , . MIDAS inmidas gomidas login.prg, , MID_WORK ( midwork ). MIDAS . login.prg : !+ ! !+ CREATE/COMMAND RK READ/KEYWORD ! CREATE/COMMAND WK WRITE/KEYWORD CREATE/COMMAND RD READ/DESCR CREATE/COMMAND WD WRITE/DESCR CREATE/COMMAND XH CREATE/GUI HELP CREATE/COMMAND SMOOTH/SPECIAL @@ mysmooth ! ! CREATE/DEFAULT CREATE/GRAPH ? 400,800 ! CREATE/DEFAULT CREATE/DISP ? 600,600,400,400 !


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

äÓÌÚðÓÎå̜ ,ÓÔðÓÒœ

1. MIDAS ? 2. inmidas? 3. MIDAS? 4. MIDAS, ? 5. MIDAS, ? 6. MIDAS ? 7. MIDAS (MIDAS-) '' ? 8. MIDAS ?. 9. ? 10. MIDAS ? 11. MIDAS login.prg? 12. MID_WORK?


I. üáõä èêéñ ÖÑìê MIDAS

1. èðÓ^ÂÛðœ MIDAS

, MIDAS . , -- , , . . , . MIDAS, MIDAS Command Language MCL. , MCL, .
2. éÔÂðÚÓðœ ÔðÓ^ÂÛð

MIDAS , . , , , , , . MIDAS, , , MCL.
3. èÂðÂÏÂÌ̜ -- ÍÎ~Â,œÂ ÒÎÓ,

MIDAS -- . , , .


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

15 . real, integer, character double precision. .
4. ãÓÍÎå̜ ÍÎ~Â,œÂ ÒÎÓ,

, . . . , , . . , . : DEFINE/LOCAL kx/D/1/1 0.1000000000000001 DEFINE/LOCAL werter/I/1/4 2,0,1 DEFINE/LOCAL kxa/R/2/4 2.0,3.0 DEFINE/LOCAL aw/C/1/5 abba DEFINE/LOCAL kxb/I/1/20 5 all DEFINE/LOCAL awa/C*5/1/4 abcde all , . I, R, D C integer, real, double precision character; , ; , , () , , -- . all . :
àÏfl íËÔ ÑÎËÌ ç~Îå̜ ÁÌ~ÂÌËfl

kx werter kxa aw kxb awa

double prec. integer real character integer character

1 4 3(4) 5 20 20

kx(1) = 0.1000000000000001 werter(1) = 2; werter(2) = 0; werter(3) = 1 kxa(2) = 2.0; kxa(3) = 3.0 aw = abba kxb(1) = 5; ...; kxb(20) = 5 awa(1) = awa(2) = awa(3) = awa(4) = abcde;


I. üÁœÍ ÔðÓ^ÂÛð MIDAS

23

: 1) MIDAS , , (, werter(4)), . . , , MIDAS. ; 2) , MCL , , kxa(1) () ; 3) '' '' ( (., , werter), -- (. aw), , " " ( awa 4- 5 ). , , . . werter werter(1) MIDAS. , . .
5. àÏfl Ë ÁÌ~ÂÌË ÔÂðÂÏÂÌÌÓÈ

( ). . {kxa}, ; kxa, . .


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

6. Ç,Ó Ë ,œ,Ó ÁÌ~ÂÌËÈ ÔÂðÂÏÂÌÌœi

- , : WRITE/OUT <_> <_> . , WRITE/OUT kx = {kx} kx = 1.00000E+00 , kx {} , {kx} -- . , , SET/FORMAT (. . 17). : -- I4 ( , ), -- E15.8, : -- I4 ( ), -- E12.5.
7. äÍ ÔðËÒ,ÓËÚå ÁÌ~ÂÌË ÔÂðÂÏÂÌÌÓÈ

, WRITE/KEYWORD. , WRITE/KEYWORD kxa/R/3/2 2.7,3.2 2.7 kxa, 3.2 -- . , , : kxa(4) = 2 ( ). , , MCL DEFINE/LOCAL


I. üÁœÍ ÔðÓ^ÂÛð MIDAS

25

MIDAS WRITE/KEYWORD, . . kxa. . , -- ( ) , MIDAS kxa(4) = 2 + 10 * {kxa(2)} INQUIRE/KEYWORD IN_A "Enter name of image:" , MIDAS , Enter. , new_word INQUIRE/KEYWORD new_word/c/1/5 "Give a name:"
8. ÉÎÓžÎå̜ ÍÎ~Â,œÂ ÒÎÓ,

WRITE/KEYWORD -- , . WRITE/KEYWORD kk/I/1/3 1,4,9 kk(1)= 1, kk(2)= 4, kk(3)= 9. DEFINE/LOCAL .
9. ÄÎ,,žðË~ÂÒÍË ,œðÊÂÌËfl

MIDAS : + - * / (), . kxa = (5.6 * ({kxa} + 4) -- 1) / 3.1


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

10. åÚÂÏÚË~ÂÒÍËÂ ÙÛÌÍ^ËË

. M$LN (arg1) real/double arg1 M$LOG10 (arg1) real/double arg1 M$EXP (arg1) real/double arg1 M$SIN (arg1) real/double arg1 M$COS (arg1) real/double arg1 M$TAN (arg1) real/double arg1 M$ASIN (arg1) real/double arg1 M$ACOS (arg1) real/double arg1 M$ATAN (arg1) real/double arg1 M$SQRT (arg1) real/double arg1 M$ABS (arg1) integer/real/double arg1 M$NINT (arg1) integer real/ double arg1 , ! . , .
11. ñËÍÎœ

DO <> = <> <> <> <> ENDDO DO ENDDO -- , <> -- (integer) , <>, <>, <> -- , <> -- MIDAS. , a = 5.0:
DEFINE/LOCAL n/I/1/1 0 DEFINE/LOCAL end/i/1 2 DEFINE/LOCAL a/R/1/1 0.0


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27

DO n = 1 {end} 2 a = {a} + 2.5 ENDDO

, n =, = 1 , - . , MIDAS 1 , <> <>!
12. ìÒÎÓ,̜ ÓÔÂðÚÓðœ

: ) IF <> <> ) IF <> THEN <> ... ENDIF ) IF <> THEN ... ELSEIF <> THEN ... ELSE ... ENDIF 8 IF. ELSEIF. <>
.EQ. () .NE. ( ) .LT. () .LE. ( ) .GT. () .GE. ( )

, i 5, b = 7. IF i .EQ. 5 THEN b=7


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ENDIF

, .EQ. . . .
13. äÓÏÏÂÌÚðËË

! MIDAS. : ! this is a comment WRITE/OUT kxa ! this is a comment too (. . kxa ) ! .
14. ë,flÁå Ò ÓÔÂð^ËÓÌÌÓÈ ÒËÒÚÂÏÓÈ

MIDAS UNIX, Linux, Windows XP ( cygwin, UNIX/Linux X Windows). Linux . MIDAS, , , , . $ MIDAS-. , MIDAS inmidas , . . , , , $cd . MIDAS CHANGE/DIRECTORY.
15. èðÏÂÚðœ ÔðÓ^ÂÛðœ

, : DEFINE/PARAMETER P1 <_> <> <> <_>,<_>


I. üÁœÍ ÔðÓ^ÂÛð MIDAS

29

<> N (number), C (character), T (table), I (image) F (fit file), , , ( )! MIDAS, DEFINE/MAXPAR 2 , . . MIDAS , , . + <_>. DEFINE/PARAMETER . MIDAS . , middumm. & . -- DEFINE/PARAM pl ? ima "Enter input frame: " DEFINE/LOCAL lc/c/1/60 {p1} FILTER/DIGIT {lc} &qq laplace ! middummqq.bdf , , DELETE/TEMP.
16. ÇœÁÓ, ÔðÓ^ÂÛðœ

, @@, ( ) (. ).


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

17. èðËÏÂð ÔðÓ^ÂÛðœ

, , . z = x**y x y. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! exm1.prg -- procedure to calculate z = x**y ! CROSSREF x y ECHO/FULL ! SET/FORMAT I4 ! SET/FORMAT F12.8,E24.16 DEFINE/PARAMETER p1 + NUMBER "Enter x: " DEFINE/PARAMETER p2 + NUMBER "Enter y: " DEFINE/MAXPAR 2 DEFINE/LOCAL x/i/1/1 DEFINE/LOCAL y/r/1/1 DEFINE/LOCAL z/d/1/1 WRITE/KEYWORD z1/d/1/1 WRITE/KEYWORD x {p1} WRITE/KEYWORD y {p2} WRITE/OUT x = {x} y = {y} IF x .EQ. 0d0 THEN z = 0.0 ELSE z = M$EXP ({y} * M$LN ({x})) ENDIF WRITE/OUT z = {z} z1 = {z} !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! MIDAS @@ exm1.prg 2 2.0 : x = 2 y = 2.00000000 z = 4.0000000000000000E+00


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31

CROSSREF SET/FORMAT, , , MIDAS, .
18. ëÔËÒÓÍ ÍÓÏÌ MCL

MIDAS. BRANCH var comparisons labels
CONTINUE CROSSREF label1 ... label8 DEFINE/LOCAL keyword data all_flag level_flag DEFINE/PARAMETER par def type prompt limits DEFINE/MAXPAR no_par DO loopvar = begin end step ... command body ... ENDDO ENTRY proc GOTO label IF par1 op par2 command IF par1 op par2 THEN ... if-sequence ... ELSEIF par3 op par4 THEN ... else if-sequence ... ELSE ... else-sequence ... ENDIF label: PAUSE RETURN par1 ... par3 ECHO/FULL levela,levelb ECHO/OFF levela,levelb ECHO/ON levela,levelb WRITE/ERROR ! comment


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MIDAS, COMPUTE/KEYWORD reskeyword = expression SET/FORMAT format_specs WRITE/OUT text
INQUIRE/KEYWORD key [prompt_string] [flush_opt]
ìÔðÊÌÂÌËfl

1) , ax2 + bx + c = 0, a, b c -- , x1 = 2 2 = (-b + (b - 4ac) ) / (2a); x2 = (-b - (b - 4ac) ) /(2a). , 2 b - 4ac < 0 . 2) , b c ( ) a, : a1, da an (, a, 16 0.5 24). ( ) , . . . - -- x11 x21.


II. ëèêÄÇäÄ à éíãÄÑäÄ Ç MIDAS

MIDAS . , on-line ( -- . . 8 ), . MIDAS, .
1. ëÔð,Í , ÚÂÍÒÚÓ,ÓÈ ÏÓÂ

MIDAS (. . 0 ), : HELP . MIDAS COMMAND/QUALIFIER par1 par2 ... par8 COMMAND -- , QUALIFIER -- , par1 -- . . , -- , , . , command, : HELP command ,


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

HELP command/qualifier

, , (, [par3]), . ( ) , - , , WRITE/KEYWORD ?? WRITE/KEYWORD. , (, CO), CO? , CO.
2. ëÔð,Í , ,,ðÙË~ÂÒÍÓÈ ÏÓÂ

, . , MIDAS . , , UNIX/Linux, , X Windows. , . , X Windows, : CREATE/GUIDE HELP MIDAS. , . . , , , , . History , . helpmidas (. 0).


II. ëÔð,Í Ë ÓÚÎÍ , MIDAS

35

3. ëÔð,Í Ó MCL

MIDAS (MCL) : HELP/CL , HELP/CL command command.
4. ÇÒÚðÓÂÌÌœÈ Û~žÌËÍ

MIDAS (tutorial), MIDAS. , , TUTORIAL/HELP MIDAS (. . ). , , , TUTORIAL, PC.
5. éÚÎÍ Ò ECHO

MIDAS . , ECHO FULL, ON OFF , : ECHO/ON ( ); ECHO/FULL , , {} MIDAS; ECHO/OFF .


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

, : ECHO/ON DEFINE/LOCAL a/d/1/1 0d0 a = {a} + 1d0 ( ). ECHO/ON ECHO/FULL, a = 0.00000E+00 + 1d0
6. éÚÎÍ Ò DEBUG

DEBUG/PROCEDURE level_min,level_max switch level_min level_max -- , 1 1 , switch -- ON|OF. , -- () . Mdb> Enter, . . Mdb> () , . h Mdb> h .
èÓÍÓÏÌ áÌ~ÂÌËÂ

go quit r keyword pause

keyword MIDAS [ , MIDAS CONTINUE]


II. ëÔð,Í Ë ÓÚÎÍ , MIDAS

37

, MIDAS, , . . GO Go ! , - -- MIDAS DEBUG/PROCEDURE 1,3 ON . : Mdb> r my_keyw my_keyw -- , . (), DEBUG/PROCEDURE level_min,level_max OFF .
7. íÂÒÚÓ,fl ÚðÌÒÎfl^Ëfl

MIDAS ( . .). TRANSLATE/SHOW proc X proc -- , MIDAS-.
8. éžÁÓð ,ÓÁÏÓÊÌÓÒÚÂÈ ÍÓÏÌœ HELP

, , HELP, MIDAS.
äÓÏÌ çÁÌ~ÂÌË èðËÏÂð

HELP pattern? HELP com HELP command/qualif

MIDAS , pattern CO? , com, HELP READ HELP command/qualif READ/KEY


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

äÓÏÌ

çÁÌ~ÂÌËÂ

èðËÏÂð

command/quali f ?? HELP/QUALIF qualif HELP/SUBJECT HELP/SUBJECT subject HELP/CL HELP/CL command HELP/KEY keyword HELP [topic]

HELP/APPLIC HELP/APPLIC applic

HELP/KEY INPUTI - HELP [News] topic. : DataInput -- MIDAS; ImageDisplay -- MIDAS- ; Printers -- MIDAS; TapeDevices -- , ; News -- . ( , .) - HELP/APPLIC applic AUTOCUTS

command/qualif , qualif subject MCL -- MIDAS MCL command keyword

READ/KEY ?? HELP/QUALIF TABLE

HELP/SUBJECT TABLE

HELP/CL IF

ìÔðÊÌÂÌËfl

: - -- MIDAS. 1) (qualifiers) MIDAS- WRITE? 2) OPEN/FILE?


II. ëÔð,Í Ë ÓÚÎÍ , MIDAS

39

3) IF- help' MCL- IF? 4) TUTORIAL PLOT Mercury ( PC, )? 5) TASK4.PRG: ECHO/FULL DEFINE/PARAMETER p1 + number DEFINE/LOCAL a/d/1/1 0 IF {p1} .LT. 0d0 THEN a = {p1} * (-1) WRITE/OUT abs(p1) = {a} ELSE IF {p1} .EQ. 0d0 THEN WRITE/OUT abs(p1) = 0 ELSE WRITE/OUT abs(p1) = {a} ENDIF @@ TASK4.PRG 1 6) ( Mdb>) TASK4.PRG, @@ TASK4.PRG -2 DEBUG/PROCEDURE 1,3 ON ? 7) Mdb> pause ( ): CON, con, cont CONT ?


III. ëàëíÖåÄ íÄÅãàñ Ç MIDAS

0. Ç,ÂÂÌËÂ

. . , MIDAS . , , , . . , MIDAS . MIDAS : , / . , MIDAS .
1. ëÚðÛÍÚÛð ÚžÎË^

MIDAS , (columns) (rows). : (integer), (real), (character), .


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41

(label) , (format) , , (physical units) . , Fortran. : -- Wavelength, -- E10.6 -- cm. , () SELECT SEQUENCE ( . ). (, #2 ) (, :Flux); -- :SEQUENCE ( :SEQ) SELECT ( SEL, !). (, @3 ). @ #. , NULL * , , . , (character) -- . : (records), . . , (transposedly) . . .tbl. MIDAS, Unix/Linux (more, less .) (joe, jed, vi . .). MIDAS- .
2. ëÓÁÌË ڞÎË^œ

, , CREATE/TABLE table ncol nrow table -- , ncol nrow -- . , ,


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

. , -- ( ) , , , t6 t6.tbl. . . CREATE/COLUMN table column unit format type table -- , column -- (label) , unit -- , (, 'sec'), format -- , ( , An, Fn.m, En.m), type -- (, R*4 R*8 (real) ; I*1, I*2, I*4 (integer); C*n (character) n . .). , CREATE/TABLE t6 8 8 CREATE/COLUMN t6 lambda "micron" F8.3 R*4 CREATE/COLUMN t6 flux "Jy" E16.8 R*8 MIDAS- t6 ( t6.tbl), ( :SEQUENCE SELECT) :lambda :flux. . , DELETE/COLUMN table column table column , CREATE/COLUMN, .
3. äÍ ÔÓÏÂÒÚËÚå Ì̜ , MIDAS-ÚžÎË^Û

: ASCII-, MIDAS.


III. ëËÒÚÂÏ ÚžÎË^ , MIDAS

43

3.1. àÁ ASCII-ÙÈÎ , MIDAS-ÚžÎË^Û

(ASCII) , , (. . ), MIDAS-
CREATE/TABLE table ncol nrow file

table -- , , ncol nrow -- , file -- ( ) , . , ASCII- TNK.dat 1 1.0 9 3 4.0 50 257 05 6 23 470 ( ),
CREATE/TABL t6 2 4 TNK.dat

-- t6.tbl, :
Table : t6 Sequence LAB001 LAB002 -------- --------------- --------------1 1.000000E+00 1.000000E+00 2 3.000000E+00 4.000000E+00 3 2.000000E+00 5.000000E+00 4 5.000000E+00 6.000000E+00 5 4.000000E+00 7.000000E+00 -------- --------------- ---------------

, , (LAB00*), .. . -- 5 , 4, CREATE/TABL.


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

, (. . MIDAS) MIDAS- ASCII-. MIDAS-. , ASSIGN/PRINT FILE file PRINT/TABLE table table -- MIDAS-, file -- ASCII-, . : PRINT/TABLE table >file
3.2. àÌÚÂðÍÚË,ÌœÈ ðÂÍÚÓð ÚžÎË^

EDIT/TABLE table MIDAS- table , . , t6.tbl, .3.1, :
Sequence?LAB001 ?LAB002 ? ????????????????????????????????????????? 1? 1.000000E+00? 1.000000E+00? 2? 3.000000E+00? 4.000000E+00? 3? 2.000000E+00? 5.000000E+00? 4? 5.000000E+00? 6.000000E+00? 5? 4.000000E+00? 7.000000E+00?

, , . TAB. -- . , , Ctrl Z. ??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?? ? Command: ? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????


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45

:
quit -- ; exit -- ; help -- .
3.3. äÓÏÌ Îfl ÏÓËÙËÍ^ËË ÎÂÏÂÌÚÓ, ÚžÎË^œ

MIDAS
WRITE/TABLE table col row-sel value

, value, MIDAS- table col row-sel. ,
WRITE/TABLE t6 #2 @3 44

44.0 (3,2) MIDAS t6. , , (label), , # ( -- @). (LAB002) t6, :
WRITE/TABLE t6 :LAB002 @3 44
4. èðÓÒÏÓÚð MIDAS-ÚžÎË^

MIDAS , MIDAS- -- .
SHOW/TABLE table

MIDAS- table. .
READ/TABLE table


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

table ( ). , () :SEQUENCE '' ( ) . , , ( MIDAS , CREATE/GRAPHICS , , , X Windows Linux -- . ). :
PLOT/TABLE table plane1 plane2

plane1 plane2 -- ( ) , .
OVERPLOT/TABLE table plane1 plane2

, '' ( , , ). , . , . p5 , ( ), p6 , . .
p5 ëËÏ,ÓÎ p5 ãËÌËfl

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8



0 1 2 3 4 5 6

- --


III. ëËÒÚÂÏ ÚžÎË^ , MIDAS

47

, , PLOT/TABLE t6 #2 #1 p5=4 p6=2 #1 ( y, x #2) , .
5. èðÂÓžðÁÓ,ÌËfl ÚžÎË^

'' MIDAS- ASCII .3.1. '' MIDAS- (keywords), (images) . . : COPY/TK table col row keyword (row,col) table keyword; COPY/KT keyword table col row . keyword table; COPY/TI table image image table; COPY/IT image table table image.
6. ÇœÂÎÂÌË ~ÒÚË ÚžÎË^œ

( ) MIDAS. SELECT/TABLE table logical-expression logical-expression , . : + - * / **


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

: .LE. .LT. .GE. .GT. .EQ. .NE. : .AND. .OR. .NOT. : SQRT(:a) LN(:a) LOG10(:a) EXP(:a) SIN(:a) COS(:a) TAN(:a) ASIN(:a) ACOS(:a) ATAN(:a) ABS(:a) INT(:a) MIN(:a,:b) MAX(:a,:b) MOD(:a,:b) . , . , SELECT/TABLE COMPUTE/TABLE , MIDAS MCL, m$ ! (), : SELECT/TABLE t6 SQRT(:LAB001) .LT. 2 .AND. :LAB002 .GT. 3 SELECT (0 -- , 1 -- ). , SELECT , , , . , , . . , , READ/TABLE t6 ( ) . , , , . . . : PRINT, PLOT, OVERPLOT, STATISTIC, COPY (input), MERGE (input), PROJECT, READ, REGRESSION. , . SELECT/TABLE table ALL . , , . , COMPUTE/TABLE, , ,


III. ëËÒÚÂÏ ÚžÎË^ , MIDAS

49

SELECT/TABLE.
7. äÓÔËðÓ,ÌË ڞÎË^

UNIX/Linux / ($cp/$mv) ( MIDAS-) (), MIDAS MIDAS- . MIDAS COPY/TT in-table column1 [out-table] column2 column1 in-table colunm2 ( , , out-table). . COPY/TABLE in-table out-table in-table out-table -- . SELECT, , ( ). MERGE/TABLE table1 [table2 ...] out-table ( ) out-table. , , table1, table2, ... PROJECTION/TABLE in-table out-table columnselection , columnselection, . : PROJECTION/TABLE bigtable smalltable #2 smalltable , bigtable.


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Ç. Å. àÎåËÌ, é. è. ÜÂÎÂÌÍÓ,. ëÚðÛÍÚÛðœ ÌÌœi Ë ÔðÓ,,ðÏÏËðÓ,ÌË , MIDAS

8. éÔÂð^ËË ÒÓ ÒÚÓΞ^ÏË

COMPUTE/TABLE table column = expression table -- , column ( , , , ), , expression -- , . , .6. , , -- (character). , SELECT , MIDAS . ( ):
SELECT/TABLE cfa :mag .LT. 15 .AND. :vel .GT. 1000 cfa.tbl, , 15- 1000 /; COMPUTE/TABLE cfa :z = min(:mag,:r) + (1 -- SEL) * :vel , (:mag :r) , ( ) ; COMPUTE/TABLE cfa :surf_bright = 2.5 * log10(10**((0.4 * :mag) / (:d**2))) ( !).


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51

9. ëÔÂ^ËÎå̜ ÓÔÂð^ËË Ò ÚžÎË^ÏË

MIDAS , . STATISTICS/TABLE table column table column . , ( ), . OUTPUTR, . HISTOGRAM , PLOT/HISTOGRAM table column READ/HISTOGRAM table column . REGRESSION LINEAR POLYNOMIAL . , REGRESSION/POLYNOMIAL table y x1[,x2] degree1[,degree2] y