Mercury,
November/December 2006 Table of Contents
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The
formation of partnerships with a wide variety of leading educational
organizations across the country has been one of the hallmarks
of the Space Science E/PO Program. Collaborations with nearly
four hundred such organizations in FY 2005 brought space-science-related
educational activities to every state in the country.
Illustration
courtesy of L. Cooper (Science Mission Directorate, NASA
Headquarters).
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by
Jeffrey D. Rosendhal
This
is a part of the story about how the program recently recognized
by the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP) through its presentation
of the 2006 Klumpke-Roberts Award—NASA's Space Science
Education and Public Outreach (E/PO) program—was actually
planned and implemented. The story is one of bringing about change.
It concerns some of the challenges that were met (and lessons learned)
in planning the program, developing its underlying policies, establishing
the processes required to implement those policies, building the
infrastructure intended to knit everything together into a coherent
whole, and bringing in the talented individuals required to carry
out a world-class program.
At
the beginning of the story in early 1994, education within NASA's
Office of Space Science (OSS) was largely focused on graduate and
post-graduate education primarily supported through research grants
and flight missions. There were also a relatively small number of
efforts underway directed towards pre-college and public education
supported through modest (a few thousand dollars) education supplements
to research grants and a handful of larger grants for specific education
programs. OSS was spending a little more than $1 million dollars
per year on education. The effort to establish a major education
group within the Office of Public Outreach at the Space Telescope
Science Institute had just been started. A few missions—such
as the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer—had put together mission-oriented
education programs. Most space scientists thought that, while doing
anything other than graduate education was nice in principle, it
wasn't really their business. And there was very little understanding
as to whether any of the programs underway were actually having
any impact on the world of education.
By
the beginning of 2005, space science E/PO collectively constituted
what may well be the largest single program in astronomy and space
science education ever undertaken. E/PO was embedded in every flight
mission. More than $40 million per year were being directly spent
on space science E/PO activities, and the program participants themselves
were providing substantial additional resources. More than 1200
members of the space science community were directly participating
in the E/PO program. More than 2000 education institutions and organizations
were involved in hundreds of space science E/PO activities, and
those activities were, collectively, reaching millions of people
per year. Major efforts were underway to assess the effectiveness
and impact of the E/PO program. And the conversation within the
space science community concerning the legitimacy and desirability
of participating in E/PO work was clearly different than it had
been ten years earlier.
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