Электронная библиотека астронома-любителя. RU.SPACE.NEWS

Электронная библиотека астронома-любителя. Книги по астрономии, телескопостроению, оптике.

главная

библиотека

архив RSN

ссылки

Ru.Space.News:

год:

Интернет-магазин
Любимых игрушек!

Обзоры оружия и снаряжения

m31.spb.ru

0.033

Архив RU.SPACE.NEWS за 29 января 1998

Дата: 29 января 1998 (1998-01-29) От: Alexander Bondugin Тема: New Satellite Animation Shows El Nino In Atmosphere Привет всем! Вот, свалилось из Internet... MEDIA RELATIONS OFFICE JET PROPULSION LABORATORY CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION PASADENA, CALIFORNIA 91109. TELEPHONE (818) 354-5011 http://www.jpl.nasa.gov Contact: Mary Hardin (818) 354-0344 VIDEO & INTERNET ADVISORY January 27, 1998 NEW SATELLITE ANIMATION SHOWS EL NINO IN ATMOSPHERE New satellite animation shows the movement of water vapor over the Pacific Ocean during the 1997 El Nino condition. Higher than normal ocean water temperatures increase the rate of evaporation, the resulting warm moist air rises into the atmosphere, altering global weather patterns. The animation was created from data obtained by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument onboard NASA's Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) from late December 1996 to late December 1997. A NASA TV video file will feature the new animation at 9 a.m., noon, 3, 6, 9 p.m. Pacific Time today. NASA Television is available on GE-2, transponder 9C at 85 degrees West longitude, with vertical polarization. Frequency is on 3880.0 megahertz, with audio on 6.8 megahertz. In addition, the most recent still images of the El Niсo water vapor are now available online at: http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/elnino The MLS instrument is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology. ##### Hа сегодня все, пока! =SANA=

Дата: 29 января 1998 (1998-01-29) От: Alexander Bondugin Тема: Lunar Prospector Update - January 26, 1998 Привет всем! Вот, свалилось из Internet... Lunar Prospector Mission Status Report #15 January 26, 1998 - 07:00 p.m. EST (4:00 p.m. PST) The Lunar Prospector spacecraft continues to operate well according to Mission Control at NASA's Ames Research Center. The current state of the vehicle (as of 0000 GMT [Zulu] on Jan. 27), according to Mission Operations Manager Marcie Smith, is as follows: Spacecraft Orbit Number: 174 Date Downlink Rate: 3600 bps Spin Rate: 11.94 rpm Spin Axis Attitude Longitude -- 352 deg (maneuver target): Latitude -- 89.3 deg Trajectory: Periselene: 88 km Aposelene: 112 km Period: 118 minutes Occultations: None Eclipses: 25 minutes duration During the day on Jan. 26, 24 commands were sent to the Lunar Prospector spacecraft to reorient the spin axis and trim the spin rate. The spin axis is now approximately aligned with the ecliptic north pole, but it is tilted about 1 degree or so towards the sun for thermal reasons and to reduce boom shadowing on the solar arrays. As the Earth moves around the sun, the spin axis must be "tweaked" a bit to maintain this configuration. The spin rate was trimmed to keep it within the boundary constraints desired for gravity mapping. The rate will be kept to 12.00 _ 0.10 rpm during the first two months of the mission to assist in achieving the gravity mapping objectives of the mission. A detailed timeline of today's commanding events (expressed in GMT/Zulu time) is provided below: 16:52 Thruster heaters commanded on 17:18 Reorientation maneuver -- 12 pulses were fired to precess the spacecraft spin axis 2.4 degrees 17:20 Reset thrusters 17:28 Thruster heater commanded on 17:54 A spin trim was conducted to reduce the spin rate of the spacecraft from 12.098 rpm to 11.936 rpm via a 0.61 second thruster burn 17:54 Reset thrusters As of 4:00 p.m. PST today (Jan. 26), no further spacecraft commanding or science instrument commanding events are currently scheduled for the upcoming period. David Morse Ames Research Center Moffett Field, CA 94035 Hа сегодня все, пока! =SANA=

Дата: 29 января 1998 (1998-01-29) От: Alexander Bondugin Тема: Hughes Selected To Build Weather Satellites Привет всем! Вот, свалилось из Internet... Douglas Isbell Headquarters, Washington, DC January 28, 1998 (Phone: 202/358-1753) Allen Kenitzer Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD (Phone: 301/286-2806) Pat Viets NOAA/National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, Suitland, MD (Phone: 301/457-5005) RELEASE: c98-b HUGHES SELECTED TO BUILD WEATHER SATELLITES NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) have awarded a $423 million contract to Hughes Space and Communications, El Segundo, CA, for the manufacture, launch and delivery on-orbit of up to four weather-monitoring Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES). The procurement of the GOES-N through -Q spacecraft marks the extension of this multi-satellite program designed to provide continuous monitoring of the Earth's weather systems and the related space environment. The new spacecraft will be used to continue and enhance the functions of the current GOES I-M series of spacecraft. GOES spacecraft are a mainstay of modern weather forecasting, providing meteorologists and hydrologists with visible and infrared images of weather systems, and precise atmospheric soundings. They orbit above the equator at a height of 22,238 miles, stationed at 75 degrees west longitude and 135 degrees west longitude to provide broad views of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans where storms can be monitored while first forming. The basic contract value of $423.1 million provides for two spacecraft, GOES-N and -O, at a fixed total price. There are separate, fixed-price options for two additional spacecraft, GOES- P and -Q, priced at $190.9 million and $185 million, respectively. Along with these options, there are additional, separately priced potential contract costs. They include Government-directed task assignments; additional integration and test support; changes to Government-furnished equipment deliveries; program- related launch vehicle changes; directed launch delays (due primarily to on-orbit satellites lasting longer than expected) and related spacecraft ground storage; and post-storage testing. The GOES program is a partnership between NOAA and NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. NOAA is responsible for program management and budget, determining the technical requirements for the spacecraft, operating the spacecraft in orbit and disseminating the resulting data. The NASA Goddard GOES project office is responsible for the acquisition of the spacecraft and oversight of the contract, and will support NOAA during the post-launch operations phase. The first spacecraft purchased under this contract will be ready for launch in October 2001. GOES N-Q will carry an Imager and a Sounder to provide regular measurements of Earth's atmosphere, cloud cover and land surfaces. Two of them also will carry a Solar X-ray Imager and Space Environment Monitor instruments. -end- Hа сегодня все, пока! =SANA=

Дата: 29 января 1998 (1998-01-29) От: Alexander Bondugin Тема: Space Pioneers Recall 1st US Satellite Launch Upon 40th Anniversary Привет всем! Вот, свалилось из Internet... Douglas Isbell Headquarters, Washington DC January 28, 1998 (Phone: 202/358-1753) Mary Beth Murrill Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA (Phone: 818/354-6478) RELEASE: 98-15 SPACE PIONEERS RECALL FIRST U.S. SATELLITE LAUNCH UPON 4OTH ANNIVERSARY Forty years ago this week, a team of scientists and engineers successfully launched Explorer 1, the first U.S. satellite to orbit the Earth. This historic accomplishment marked the nation's debut in the Cold War-era space race and set the stage for the establishment of the civilian space agency that would become NASA. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Pasadena, CA, was still operated as a research laboratory for the U.S. Army when it was selected in November 1957 to develop the first U.S. satellite, including its science package, its communications system, and the high-speed upper stages for the Army's Redstone rocket that would guide the tiny, 20-pound Explorer 1 into the great unknown. JPL and the Army completed the assignment and successfully launched the satellite in less than three months. JPL and the Army Ballistic Missile Agency, based in Huntsville, AL, joined in firing the satellite toward space from the missile test center at Cape Canaveral, FL, on Jan. 31, 1958. The scientific experiment onboard, a cosmic ray detector built by Dr. James Van Allen of the University of Iowa, soon returned one of the most important findings of the space program: the discovery of what are now known as the Van Allen Radiation Belts around the Earth. Explorer 1 went on to operate for three months. Following the Soviet Union's launch of Sputnik on Oct. 4, 1957, "there was a lot of pressure to get a satellite in orbit as quickly as possible," said Dr. William Pickering, then JPL's director and the orchestrator of the Explorer 1 effort at JPL. The intensive effort was accomplished by a team of experts from U.S. academia and the military, along with top World War II German rocket scientists such as Dr. Wernher von Braun, who emigrated to the United States in the post-war years to help lead the development of American rocket capabilities. A globally linked telecommunications system developed by JPL tracked Explorer 1 and received its scientific data as it circled Earth. Amateur radio operators around the world were invited to listen in on Explorer 1's radio communications, including one key amateur radio shack operated largely by JPL ham radio operators at the Los Angeles County Sheriff's substation in Temple City, near JPL. The most difficult technical challenge, said Pickering, "was getting the three rocket stages to work consistently, to get it all to go in the right direction, with no guidance system." Considering the telecommunications and computing capability of the Explorer 1 era versus that available for last summer's Mars Pathfinder mission, Pickering said, "it's astonishing to think what has happened over 40 years." Van Allen, still an active planetary and space physics researcher, recalled that, the morning after the historic Explorer 1 launch, "a big press conference had been called at the Great Hall of the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, DC, and although it was 1:30 in the morning, there was still a huge crowd of reporters waiting around." Donna Shirley, Mars Exploration program manager at JPL, was in high school when the news hit that Explorer 1 had been launched. "It was a terrific emotional moment," she recalled. "It seemed like a scary thing that the Soviet Union was so powerful that they could launch Sputnik. When Explorer went up, it was, 'Rah, rah, our team!'" she said. "It seemed to be framed in 'us versus them' rather than focused on the real technical and scientific achievement. But the dawn of the Space Age affected my life a lot. "I don't think the 'right stuff' to work in the space program has really changed all that much" since the days of Explorer 1, said Shirley. "You don't have cigar-smoking guys with slide rules anymore, but I think the 'right stuff' is still the same: dedication and competence." In late 1958, JPL was reassigned from the U.S. Army to NASA when the civilian space agency was created, and has helped lead the world's exploration of space with robotic spacecraft since then. Operated as a division of the California Institute of Technology, JPL has sent spacecraft to all of the known planets except Pluto, and this year will launch major astronomy and planetary exploration missions to comets, asteroids and Mars, along with many Earth-observing efforts. As the size of NASA's space missions takes advantage of miniaturized electronics to shrink to fit the new "faster, better, cheaper" mold, some complete space science instrument packages are about the size of that on tiny Explorer 1, Shirley said. "Miniaturization is allowing us to shrink down the brains of our spacecraft but still allow us to do more with them than we used to. The challenge now is to shrink the rest of the spacecraft down." Considering the future of space science, Van Allen observed that "there is no shortage of great ideas on what we'd like to do. 'Faster, better, cheaper' is NASA's mantra, and the recent successful launch of the Lunar Prospector spacecraft is the best example of that. But the Hubble Space Telescope is a good example of big projects that will continue to be conducted. I think we have a very bright future in space science in all areas. There is good public support," he said. "There is virtually no limit to what can be investigated in interplanetary science and astronomy." -end- NOTE TO EDITORS: Photos are available to news media to illustrate this story by calling the Headquarters Audio Imaging Branch at 202/358-1900. Photo numbers are: 97-HC-482 97-HC-483 Hа сегодня все, пока! =SANA=

сайт служит астрономическому сообществу с 2005 года