This artist's illustration shows the effect of intervening matter in the cosmos on the cosmic microwave background (CMB). On the right, the CMB is released shortly after the Big Bang, with tiny ripples in temperature due to fluctuations in the early universe. As this radiation traverses the universe, filled with a web of galaxies, clusters, superclusters and voids, it experiences slight perturbations. In the direction of the giant newly-discovered void, the WMAP satellite sees a cold spot, while the VLA sees fewer radio galaxies.
Bill Saxton/NRAO/AUI/NSF/NASA