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of the RadioAstron Teleconference 3
Willem Baan chaired the
teleconference.
The agenda of the teleconference
and the list of participants are attached as an Appendix A to the Minutes, and
list of used acronyms and conventional names is given as an Appendix B.
The main intents of the
teleconference were to review the progress on the RadioAstron project, to
develop actions in order to get NASA support for the project, and to discuss
the agenda of the oncoming RadioAstron
meeting in November 2003.
1.
Kardashev informed the participants about the technical progress in the
development project. He specified the following achievements:
1.1.
All electronic devices belonging to the scientific payload were
assembled into the Focal container and into the Device container in standard
configuration of the engineering model, and they were successfully tested in
this configuration.
1.2.
At present these containers are being assembled with the SRT in special
configuration for radio astronomical tests in Pushchino. After the assembling
final checkout of the equipment will be done in LA. The process will take few
weeks, and the SRT will be packed and transferred to Pushchino.
1.3.
Dedicated cooling system based on the liquid nitrogen cryostat has been
successfully tested together with feeds and on-board receivers. This cooling
system will be used only in Pushchino tests to provide physical temperatures of
the on-board LNAs close to those which will be provided in flight by the
passive cooling system.
1.4.
Measurements of the accuracy of the full SRT surface have been conducted
with the resulting RMS of 0.5 mm. There
is hope to reduce the value down to 0.3 mm.
2.
Kardashev informed the participants about mission time-line. He positively stated that:
2.1.
Mission development is close to the time-line with the launch date in
March 2006.
2.2.
After radio astronomical tests in Pushchino engineering model of the SRT
will be subject to the general sequence of tests with the engineering model of
the spacecraft in LA in the first half
of 2004.
2.3.
Funding for the mission development for 2003 were provided in full
volume, and ASC anticipates the same favorable situation in a future since
RadioAstron is currently the top priority mission for Russia in space
astrophysics.
3.
Kardashev informed the participants that new General Designer (Director)
was appointed in LA, namely, K.D. Kulikov was replaced by K.M. Pichkhadze.
4.
A complex discussion followed on the NASA involvement in RadioAstron
project.
4.1.
Kardashev informed participants on the decisions achieved at the seventh
meeting of the U.S./Russia Space Science Executive Joint Working Group (EJWG), which
was held on July 29, 2003, at NASA Headquarters, in Washington, DC. After hard
negotiation it was decided do not terminate existing Implementation Agreement
but to amend it. The statement in general Summary of Discussions to be signed
by Dr. Edward Weiler, Associate Administrator for Space Science (NASA), and Dr.
Georgiy Polishchuk, Deputy Director General (Rosavoakosmos) is the following:
':to transfer to Russia two of the U.S. ground stations on a rent-free basis. Both sides agreed to create a splinter group of the EJWG for the Radioastron mission that will prepare a proposal for the implementation of this possibility, and also will investigate formally amending the existing Radioastron IA as required to reflect any jointly adopted plan of action'.
More
details were given in the Summary of the Meeting of the Astrophysics Sub-Group
of the U.S.-Russia Space Science Executive Joint Working Group. The splinter
group met to discuss the concept. The sides agreed to jointly investigate the
possibility of the following option: (below is the citation from the document)
The Russian side expressed a strong need for three tracking station
locations: Europe (Pushchino, outside of Moscow), eastern North America (Green
Bank), and southern hemisphere (Tidbinbilla).
It was agreed that the U.S. side would investigate the possibility of
transferring and shipping the HALCA/VSOP electronics from the Madrid station
for use with the Russian Pushchino antenna; transferring the Tidbinbilla
antenna and associated HALCA/VSOP electronics to an Australian entity that
would establish a separate agreement with Russia for support of the mission
with this equipment; and transferring the HALCA/VSOP electronics from the
Goldstone station to Pushchino for use as spares. It was noted that the Green Bank antenna and equipment are not
NASA property, and the Russian side would have to make separate bilateral
arrangements with the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) and the
National Science Foundation for its use.
It was agreed that the Russian side should discuss directly with the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory to arrange for desired orbit analysis services.
It was agreed that it will be the responsibility of VLBI observers to make
arrangements for the correlation of their observations through NRAO or other
international VLBI organizations.
The Russian side noted that they will need to receive all equipment
under discussion by the end of the third quarter of 2004 in order to meet
testing schedules during 2005.
As result of the foregoing, the sides agreed to investigate formally
amending the existing 1997 Radioastron Implementing Agreement as required to
reflect any jointly adopted plan of action.
The sides recognized that the above proposed approach is subject to a number of policy, export control, and legal considerations, but agreed to move forward to assess its feasibility in a timely way. In order to maintain good communications and forward momentum, the splinter group recommended that an ad hoc Astrophysics Sub-Group of the EJWG be established to manage this activity. The Russian co-chair of the Sub-Group would be Acad. Kardashev, and the U.S. co-chair would be Mr. Howard.
4.2. Kardashev informed the participants that
there were no working contacts with Richard Howard yet. He ensured the
participants that Rosaviakosmos has definite position to try to get more
support from NASA using US-dependence on Russian involvement in ISS operations.
4.3. Kardashev also made a suggestion that,
since negative recommendation of SScAC made in March 2003 was based on
financial situation, but not on the science merit of RadioAstrom mission, it
might be reasonable to arise the
question once again providing supporting letter to NASA from astronomical
community in USA. The suggestions seems did not find the enthusiasm among the
US partners. Instead, Jauncey proposed to present letter from
international
community to Rosaviakosmos expressing the support for the mission.
4.4. Kellermann and Jauncey clearly declared
that without NASA funding ATNF and NRAO can not participate in RadioAstron
mission providing operation of tracking
stations in Green Bank and Tidbinbilla and data correlation in Socorro. On the other hand, Langston and
Romney explained that it is not too late to prepare NRAO support for
RadioAstron if funding will be supplied timely.
4.5. There was long discussion on the volume of
funds from NASA necessary to provide
support to NRAO and to ATNF. The example of the estimate is presented in the Appendix C as received
from Ed Fomalont after the
teleconference. Finally Baan take the AI to contact Valery Altunin and to ask him to make the estimates.
4.6. D'Addario made some recommendations on the
prospect of utilization of the US equipment for tracking stations in Pushchino.
He said that the equipment was not used for several years, and it may be rather
difficult to make this equipment working, because that there were several
computers used to control the system, using very complicated software related
to the specific environment of DSN. Larry recommended that it would be probably
more realistic for Russians to develop their own design of Pushchino tracking
station and then to use some specific critical devices selected from the
equipment of US tracking stations.
5. During
the discussions of the agenda of the November meeting there were several
remarks that there is too much travel in the program of the meeting. Therefore
it was decided that M.Popov will send request to all potential participants
about their relation to the traveling schedule and they will express their
opinions by email as well as other suggestions on the agenda. After that the
agenda will be properly modified.
6. Action Items resulting from the discussions:
October02-1. Collect and incorporate comments on the agenda of the
oncoming RadioAstron meeting.(M.Popov)
October02-2. Keep informed potential participants of the future RadioAstron
meeting on the status of visa getting process. (M.Popov)
October02-3. Chairmen of the Working Groups are urgued to develop
agenda of the discussions on November 18, 2003.
October02-4. W.Baan have to communicate with Valery Altunin to make estimate of
the budget of necessary NASA support for RadioAstron.
Appendix A
Agenda for the Teleconference on RadioAstron on October 2
2003
1. Sound check and
attendance.
2. Review and corrections of
the telecon's agenda - W. Baan.
3. Review of the AI from the
previous teleconference - M.Popov
4. Project status (short
information) - N. Kardashev.
5. Actions to get support
from NASA
a) understanding
of current NASA position - NASA representative
b) understanding
of the prospects of utilization of Madrid/Goldstone TS-equipment in Pushichino
- L.D'Addario
c) actions
undertaken by Russian side (last, present and future) in order to get NASA
support - N.Kardashev
d) action
undertaken by the international partners (last, present and future) in order to
get NASA support - K.Kellermann
6. Agenda of Radioastron 2003
Meeting (Nov 19-21)- M. Popov.
(see attachment)
7. Agenda of Radioastron IWG
meetings (Nov. 18): - M. Popov.
a) "On-board
science payload" - V. Andreyanov & L. D"Addario
- Plan and the 1-st results of the SRT tests in Lavochkin
and in Pushchino.
b) "Tracking
stations" - B. Kanevsky & G. Langston
- Plan of activities in transfer of US equipment to
Pushchino,
- Agreed list of equipment to be transferred,
- Accommodation of the equipment in Pushchino,
- Upgrade of Tracking Stations to operate in RadioAstron
mode.
c) "Mission
operations" - M. Popov & E. Fomalont
- Development of scheduling software
d) "Ballistik
and navigation" - E. Akim (IAM) & JPL
- Accuracy of orbit measurements and reconstruction
e)
"Correlators and data processing" - S. Likhachev & J. Romney
- Correlators for RadioAstron
- Observations and processing in MFS-mode
- Software for phased VLBI arrays
- Correlator log-files
f) "Science
program" - N. Kardashev & K. Kellermann.
- Catalog of radio sources with flux densities
> 300 mJy at 22 GHZ
- Catalog of IDV
radio sources
- Catalog of
unresolved sources in spectral line radio emission
- Catalog of
pulsars fo RadioAstron
- Memorandum on
the optimization of the RadioAstron mission by using advanced observing methods
at ground radio telescopes with the advantages of using on-board H-maser and
accelerometer
- MFS testing at
the GRTs
8. RISC members and
invitations on the Meeting - M.Popov.
1. Andreyanov V., ASC, Russia
2. Baan W.A., ASTRON, The Netherlands
3. Bartel N., York University, Canada
4. Cannon W., CRESTech,
Canada
5. D'Addario L., NRAO,
USA
6. Fomalont E., NRAO, USA
7. Gurvits L., JIVE, The
Netherlands
8. Hirabayashi H.,
ISAS/JAXA, Japan
9. Jauncey D., CSIRO,
Australia
10. Van't Klooster K.,
ESA, The Netherlands
11. Kanevsky B., ASC,
Russia
12. Kardashev N.S., ASC,
Russia
13. Kellermann K., NRAO,
USA
14. Lobanov A., MPIfR,
Germany
15.
Langston G., NRAO, USA
16.
Likhachev S., ASC, Russia
17. Popov M.V., ASC,
Russia
18. Preston R., JPL NASA,
USA
19. Romney J., NRAO, USA
20. Slysh V.I., ASC,
Russia
21. Vasilkov V.I., ASC,
Russia
22. Zensus A., MPIfR,
Germany
The list of used acronyms
ASC Astro Space Center of Lebedev Physical Instutute
SRT Space Radio Telescope (all scientific payload
including 10-m dish)
TMS Spacecraft Telemetry System (technical)
VIRK Scientific high rate (up to 2x72
Mbit/s) radio complex, including transponder
EM Engineering Model
Focal Container Hermetic package with the scientific
payload; it contains receivers, microwave synthesizer, control unit and is
placed in focal site of dish
Cold Plate Cooled LNAs and antenna feed
FM Focal Module = Focal Container+Cold Plate
DC Hhermetic device container (part of payload); it contains
Formatter, Rb oscillators, synthesizer, control unit and is placed under dish
DM Device Module = DC + H-maser
Electronic Complex all SRT electronics
TVT Termo-Vacuum
Tests
LA Lavochkin Association
Service Module,
Spacecraft bus spacecraft itself
(without payload); sometimes in text
Spacecraft =service
module + payload
ISS International
Space Stations
SEUS Structure
and Evolution of the Universe Subcommittee
SScAC Space Science Advisory Committee
Below is the
radioastron budget that was presented in the Feb 2003 meeting to the SEUS
committee of NASA. The numbers were
developed amongst JPL, NASA HQ and NRAO people. This budget represent the
minimum support needed from NASA for radioastron to succeed with scientific
observations. This budget assumes a 2006 launch.
PROPOSED NASA SUPPORT TO RADIOASTRON
(Units in 2003 k$)
Support FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 Total
GB Tracking Station 250 550 1500 750 750 750 750 5300
VLBA Correlator 125 125 850 800 800 800 800 4300
Orbit Determination 190 200 200 200 200 200 200 1390
Contingency 150 150 200 200 200 200 200 1300
Total 715 1025 2750 1950 1950 1950 1950 12290
Some comments:
1. There was some discussion about the Russians doing the
OD, which would save money.
2. Contingency was really 'data archiving', which NASA insisted
on putting in. It has been changed to contingency.
3. Many additional add-ons (more tracking stations, H-maser,
redoing low frequency radiometers) would increase the cost of the mission. It
was felt that these additions would jeopardize NASA's involvement in the
mission and were not needed to give a scientifically valuable mission.
Ed Fomalont