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Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems IV
ASP Conference Series, Vol. 77, 1995
R. A. Shaw, H. E. Payne, and J. J. E. Hayes, eds.
The EINSTEIN OnнLine Service
D. E. Harris, C. S. Grant
Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St., Cambridge, MA 02138
H. Andernach 1
Observatoire de Lyon, F--69561 SaintнGenisнLaval Cedex, France
Abstract. The Einstein OnнLine Service (EOLS) is a simple menuн
driven system which provides an intuitive method of querying over one
hundred database catalogs. In addition, the EOLS contains over 30 CDн
ROMs of images from the Einstein Xнray Observatory which are available
for downloading. The EOLS provides all of our databases to the NASA
Astrophysics Data System (ADS) and our documents which describe each
table are written in the ADS format. In conjunction with the IAU working
group on Radioastronomical Databases, the EOLS serves as an experiн
mental platform for onнline access to radio source catalogs. The number
of entries in these catalogs exceeds half a million.
1. Introduction
In 1989 January, SAO established an onнline service to help astronomers prepare
ROSAT proposals by providing access to the preliminary source list from the
``Einstein Observatory Catalog of IPC Xнray Sources.'' In the intervening years,
we have updated the source list, added to the documentation, included many
more Einstein databases as well as a number of tables from other wavebands,
provided access to images for downloading from all of the Einstein CDнROMs,
and installed new software for more sophisticated filtering and retrieval. Alн
though we have improved the functionality and made significant additions to
the databases, we still maintain a simple menu interface accessible from any
type of terminal. An instruction manual does not exist: the onнline help facility
provides the necessary information.
2. Database Retrieval Options
The EOLS provides three options for data retrieval. The ``database query'' is a
menuнdriven system which allows users to build their own query and select which
output columns should be retrieved. The ``quick query'' provides an output
format which requires only one specification of selection criteria, and returns up
1 Current address: IUE Observatory/Villafranca, Apartado 50727, E--28080 Madrid, Spain
1

2
to 79 characters per row (preнselected by us). The ``multiple quick query'' is a
positional search on several tables. We have endeavored to make the selection
process simple and the easiest option is to select one or more affinity groups.
However, the user can specify particular tables from different groups by choosing
the ``Custom'' option or choose to select all tables.
Here are six of the 30 rows retrieved from 105 catalogs with a single query:
ннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн eosЧsource нннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн
--- SEQ ---FLD---CAT --- RA --- DEC ---+/н---COR C/S--- --- --- --- --- ---
--- # --- # --- # --- h m s --- d ' ''---asc---cts/sec--- +/н --- S/N ---SIZCOR---RECO---ID ---
---ннннн---ннн---нннн---нннннннннн---ннннннннн---ннн---ннннннн---ннннннн---ннннн---нннннн---нннн---ннн---
--- 3042--- 1---4594---22 17 41.3---+08 44 55--- 36---2.0eн02---4.4eн03--- 4.4--- 1.1--- 0---Q ---
ннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн
Total: 1 rows retrieved.
нннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн qsoЧveron85 нннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн
--- --- RA --- DEC --- --- --- radio --- fdr6 --- fdr11 ---
--- name--- h m s --- d ' ''--- z--- vmag---source?--- (cgs) --- (cgs) ---
---нннннннннннн---нннннннннн---ннннннннн---ннннн---ннннн---ннннннн---нннннннн---нннннннн---
--- ---22 17 39.4---+08 44 56---0.228---17.60--- yes---7.50eн25---0.00e+00---
--- ---22 17 42.5---+08 45 24---0.623---18.60--- yes---7.00eн25---0.00e+00---
ннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн
Total: 2 rows retrieved.
ннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн radЧ6cmЧbwe91 нннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн
--- --- RA --- DEC ---S(4.85GHz)---Extension---Spectral---Separation---
--- Name --- h m s --- d ' ''--- (mJy) --- Flag --- Index --- Flag ---
---нннннннннн---нннннннннн---ннннннннн---нннннннннн---ннннннннн---нннннннн---нннннннннн---
---2217+0844 ---22 17 42.0---+08 44 44--- 121--- --- н0.6--- ---
нннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн
Total: 1 rows retrieved.
ннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн radЧgb87 нннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн
--- RA ---RA+/н--- DEC ---DEC+/н---S(4.85)---S +/н---EXT---WARN---CONF---FWHM---FWHM--- PA---
--- h m s --- sec ---d ' ''--- arcs --- (mJy) ---(mJy)---FLG---FLAG---FLAG---MAJ ---MIN --- ---
---нннннннннн---ннннн---ннннннннн---нннннн---ннннннн---ннннн---ннн---нннн---нннн---нннн---нннн---ннн---
---22 17 41.7--- 0.8---+08 44 45--- 13--- 125--- 18--- --- --- ---1.20---1.01---н71---
ннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн
Total: 1 rows retrieved.
нннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн radЧpks90 нннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн
--- +/н --- --- --- ---fdr1410 ---fdr2700 ---fdr5000 --- RA --- DEC --- ---
--- arcs--- id--- mag--- z--- (Jy) --- (Jy) --- (Jy) --- h m s --- d ' ''--- alias---
---ннннн---ннн---нннн---нннннн---нннннннн---нннннннн---нннннннн---нннннннннн---ннннннннн---ннннннн---
--- 20---Xs --- --- --- --- 0.230--- ---22 17 39.7---+08 44 58---4C08.66---
ннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннннн
Total: 1 rows retrieved.
3. Downloading XнRay Images
All of our Einstein CDнROMs are permanently available for downloading images.
They may be obtained with ftp or with the VMS ``copy'' command. As of 1994
June 30, we have:

3
ffl the 2E Catalog of IPC Xнray Sources: FITS smoothed arrays
ffl the Database of HRI Xнray Images: FITS photon arrays
ffl the IPC Slew Survey: 1991 Jan 1
ffl the HRI Images in Event List Format: FITS binary tables
ffl the IPC Images in Event List Format: FITS binary tables
ffl the IPC Unscreened Data Archive: FITS binary tables
4. Other Features
There are several important features of the EOLS service, including a low mainн
tenance operation, and the ADS connection. The EOLS provides all of our
databases to the ADS, and our documents that describe each table are writн
ten in the ADS format. Documentation is available for each database table
and provides extensive detail in some areas (e.g., Vol. 1 of the IPC catalog),
archival material such as the ``Einstein Revised User's Manual,'' and ``help'' files
which provide information on system operations. A communication facility is
also available, and features a bulletin board (including ROSAT news) and an eн
mail facility for sending yourself documents and the results of database searches.
Finally, a set of tools for precessing coordinates and column densities of galactic
H i (north of Dec = \Gamma40 ffi ) are available.
There are four methods to log onto the EOLS:
1. Internet --- telnet to einline.harvard.edu
2. decnet --- set host 6714
3. modem --- dial (617) 495--7047 or (617) 495--7048
4. mosaic --- http://heaнwww.harvard.edu/einline/einline.html
Once successful, the login name is ``einline''; no password is required. Note:
since UNIX is case sensitive, make sure you use lower case when logging in!
5. The Radio Source Catalog Initiative
For many years we have noticed the difficulty of finding radio source data in
public archives or onнline databases. In 1991, the IAU Working Group on ``Raн
dioastronomical Databases'' was formed with one of us (H.A.) as the chair. By
now the Working Group has secured some 130 catalogs of radio sources with a
total of ╕ 560; 000 entries. Although the working group recognized that a long
term solution to this problem should be provided by an onнgoing commitment
from the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) or the Strasbourg
Astronomical Data Center (CDS), the EOLS volunteered to serve as an experiн
mental platform for access to the catalog collection. This ``provisional'' solution
is now by far the most complete onнline facility for radio source data, offering
access to 63 radio catalogs with 520,000 searchable entries. Contributions of

4
Figure 1. Logins per month from outside CfA: 1989--1994.
new data tables are welcome, but can only be incorporated into the system if
authors provide proper documentation and formatted ASCII tables.
6. Statistics of Usage
The histogram in Figure 1 shows the average number of logins per month from
outside the Center for Astrophysics from 1989 to midн1994.