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Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems IV
ASP Conference Series, Vol. 77, 1995
R. A. Shaw, H. E. Payne, and J. J. E. Hayes, eds.
What Happened to the Results?
S. G. Ansari
ESIS, Information Systems Division of ESA, ESRIN, Via G. Gallilei,
C.P. 64, Frascati, Rome 00044 Italy
A. Micol
ISO Project Science Team, Astrophysics Division of ESA, ESTEC, P.O.
Box 299/SA, Noordwijk, 2200 AG The Netherlands
Abstract. The archiving process stops at the point where a Principle
Investigator program or a survey that produces a catalogue has been
carried out. No further contact to the actual observer(s) is kept after they
have received their data. In recent years only one single archive has made
an effort to scan the publications and collect references for each dataset
to build a publications archive. The International Ultraviolet Explorer
(IUE) database provides these links between the actual observation and
the publication reference. In this paper we propose the establishment
of a link between the actual observation made and the science that has
been carried out with it. The merit of having such a link is obvious.
The current trend has only gone into providing quality flags in mission
logs giving some indication as to whether an acquisition is useful or not.
If, however, a publication is linked to the actual observation, an archive
user may immediately refer to a particular paper that may provide more
details as to what science may have been achieved with it. This way,
archives can be used more efficiently and a judgment on using data in an
archive can be made on the basis of previous work carried out.
1. Introduction
Today's astronomical mission archives tend to provide data pertaining to the
actual acquired observation. Object names, instrumentation used, and observa­
tion dates are typical entries found in almost all mission archives. Even future
mission archives tend to concentrate more on what can be extracted out of a pro­
posal or a Guaranteed Time Observation log than the actual extracted science
out of the data itself.
The archives of today stop after the Principle Investigator has acquired the
data. A year later the data is then publicly available. An archive researcher
has then to go through a mass of data to find what may be useful without any
indication as to what the actual observer's results were while using the data
except the proposal, which in most cases is very general.
1

2
2. The Example of IUE
The IUE mission has one of the oldest digital archives in astronomy (Barylak
1988). The effort has not only gone into providing the IUE mission log, but
also to scan all the publications that referred to any IUE data product. As
a practical example, we searched the IUE database for all the spectra of the
Andromeda galaxy using the on­line database at the VILSPA observing station
and at ESIS (Giommi et al. 1994). We list in Table 1 each spectrum found
and in which article it has been referenced. Scanning the on­line abstracts in
the ESIS bibliographic service, we find several interesting papers that shed some
light on what parameters were derived and what science was achieved with the
data.
3. A Proposed Policy
The only way to achieve this connection between a satellite mission and the
science it produces is to make it a mission's policy that every data product be
explicitly referred to in a publication. It would, however, simplify matters for
archivists if Principle Investigators can provide at least one publication for each
usable observation made.
Present mission archives should invest more time in accumulating published
results. A common nomenclature such as that adopted by SIMBAD (Egret et
al. 1992) could be used to refer to papers. These publications can then be easily
used by systems like ESIS and ADS (Eichhorn 1994) to access the abstracts and
from there on the printed publication.
4. Conclusions
From the IUE example it is obvious what the merits are, not only archiving the
actual observation, but also archiving the publications related to it. Any future
investigator will have a better understanding of the data and how reliable they
may be. Another side effect is the justification of usage of an ongoing mission. It
is not sufficient only to provide access statistics, since casual or curious users will
normally be in the majority. The true usage of an archive can only be measured
by the amount of scientific output achieved.
References
Barylak, M. 1988, The VILSPA Database Users' Guide, ESA IUE Newsletter,
No. 37
Egret, D. et al. 1992, SIMBAD User's Guide & Reference Manual
Eichhorn, G. 1994, in Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems III,
ASP Conf. Ser., Vol. 61, eds. D. R. Crabtree, R. J. Hanisch, & J. Barnes
(San Francisco, ASP), p. 18eichhorng
Giommi, P., Ansari, S. G., Donzelli, P., & Micol, A. 1994, Experimental Astron­
omy, in press

3
R.A.
Decl.
Object
Disp.
Observation
Spectrum
Publication
00
40
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M31
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LWR8699L
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0296,
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APJ
Vol.
0261,
pg.
0077,
1982
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03.01
+40
58
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NGC224
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SWP5610L
APJ
Vol.
0259,
pg.
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1982
00
40
03.01
+40
58
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23­JUN­79
LWR4853L
A&A
Vol.
0106,
pg.
0016,
1982
00
40
00.01
+40
59
00.2
M31
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03­DEC­78
SWP3520L
APJ
Vol.
0230,
pg.
L137,
1979
00
40
00.51
+40
59
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A&A
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pg.
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1982
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Table
1.
A
list
of
IUE
spectra
of
the
Andromeda
galaxy
derived
from
the
VILSPA
archives
and
the
ESIS
system.
For
each
entry,
the
Right
Ascension,
declination,
name,
dispersion,
observation
date,
spectrum
number,
and
literature
reference
are
given.