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II/214A         Combined General Catalogue of Variable Stars    (Kholopov+ 1998)
================================================================================
The Combined General Catalogue of Variable Stars, 4.1 Edition.
General Catalogue of Variable Stars 4th Edition, Volumes I-III,
    Kholopov P.N., Samus N.N., Frolov M.S., Goranskij V.P., Gorynya N.A.,
    Karitskaya E.A., Kazarovets E.V., Kireeva N.N., Kukarkina N.P.,
    Kurochkin N.E., Medvedeva G.I., Pastukhova E.N., Perova N.B.,
    Rastorguev A.S., Shugarov S.Yu.
   
General Catalogue of Variable Stars Volume IV, 4th ed.
The cross-identification tables.
    Kholopov P.N., Samus N.N., Durlevich O.V., Kazarovets E.V.,
    Kireeva N.N., Tsvetkova T.M.
   
General Catalogue of Variable Stars, 4rd ed., vol.V.
Extragalactic Variable Stars
    Artiukhina N.M., Durlevich O.V., Frolov M.S., Goranskij V.P.,
    Gorynya N.A., Karitskaya E.A., Kazarovets E.V., Kholopov P.N.,
    Kireeva N.N., Kurochkin N.E., Lipunova N.A., Medvedeva G.I.,
    Pastukhova E.N., Samus N.N., Tsvetkova T.M.
   <"Kosmosinform", Moscow, (1995)>
New Catalogue of Suspected Variable Stars,
    Kukarkin B.V., Kholopov P.N., Artiukhina N.M., Fedorovich V.P.,
    Frolov M.S., Goranskij V.P., Gorynya N.A., Karitskaya E.A.,
    Kireeva N.N., Kukarkina N.P., Kurochkin N.E., Medvedeva G.I.,
    Perova N.B., Ponomareva G.A., Samus N.N., Shugarov S.Yu.
   
================================================================================
ADC_Keywords: Stars, variable; Combined data; Supernovae

Description:
    The GCVS is the only reference source on all known variable stars.
    This version contains all of the electronically-readable version as
    distributed by the Sternberg Astronomical Institute and Institute of
    Astronomy (Russian Acad.Sci.), Moscow. It includes the catalog of
    variable stars, updated and completed with the seven Name-Lists of
    Variables Stars Nos.67-73 (see IBVS No.2681,1985; No.3058,1987;
    No.3323,1989; No.3530,1990; No.3840,1993; No.4140,1995; No.4471,1997),
    a catalog of suspected variables, a cross-index of variable star
    names, a catalog of extragalactic variables, and a catalog of
    supernovae.

Introduction:
    The present improved electronic version of the GCVS4 Volumes I-V,
    combined with Name-Lists of Variable Stars Nos.67-73, are also
    available from Sternberg Institute via anonymous ftp to
    ftp.sai.msu.su, /pub/groups/cluster/gcvs... and via
    http://www.sai.msu.su/groups/cluster/gcvs/ . The information at
    this site is regularly updated (corrections of detected mistakes,
    improvements of identifications and coordinates, etc.).

    gcvs.dat is the combined computer-readable version of the GCVS4 Vols.
    I-III (Kholopov et al. 1985-1988) and Name-Lists of Variable Stars
    Nos.67-73 (1985IBVS.2681....1K, 1987IBVS.3058....1K,
    1989IBVS.3323....1K, 1990IBVS.3530....1K, 1993IBVS.3840....1K,
    1995IBVS.4140....1K and 1997IBVS.4471....1K) published in the system
    introduced during the preparation of the 4th GCVS edition. The total
    number of designated variable stars has now reached 31918; of them,
    3506 stars enter the Name-Lists Nos.67-73. Errors detected in the
    printed Volumes I-III and in the Name-Lists were corrected; the file
    includes also improved equatorial positions for some variable stars.

    crossid.dat contains all variables, including extragalactic variables,
    stars from the Name-Lists, and stars suspected of variability since
    the compilation of the NSV catalog, ordered by right ascension
    (B1950). The authors tried to provide as complete lists as possible
    for the stars identified with the catalogues HD, BD, CoD, CPD, BS, ADS
    and for the stars with preliminary HV (Harvard Variable) designations.
    As for the other catalogues, their task here was more difficult since
    they had to rely upon references to source catalogue names made by
    variable star researchers; the tables in the present volume reproduce
    the materials used in their work, and incompleteness seems to be
    unavoidable. Starting with Name-List No.71, the identifications became
    more reliable and complete thanks to special effort of the compilers.

    The final, fifth volume contains data for variables in external
    galaxies (including the Magellanic Clouds) and for extragalactic
    supernovae (see evs*.dat and sn*.dat).

    All variables in the present data set are arranged in the order
    of their names inside constellations. For Name-list stars, the
    information follows the format of the Name-Lists, that is, it
    includes only coordinates, the variability type, the range of
    brightness variations, and references.

    The file nsv.dat is a compilation of 14811 stars suspected of
    variability and not finally designated as variables prior to 1980. It
    is the successor to the "Catalogues of Stars Suspected of Variability"
    published in 1951 and 1965 (Kukarkin et al.). Data contained in the
    present catalog include positions, magnitudes, variability types,
    alternate designations, and references to the literature. The computer
    version of NSV contains principally the same data as in the printed
    catalog, but only the data table without the textual material
    (bibliography, remarks) is included. Necessary corrections were
    introduced, as of June, 1997, and coordinates were improved, compared
    to the printed version, for about half of the stars in the catalog.

    The Sternberg Institute has started preparation of an electronic
    release GCVS 4.2 which will contain improved light elements,
    classifications etc. along with sufficiently accurate positional
    information. The first approach to this project has resulted in
    improved equatorial positions (B1950, J2000) for variable stars in the
    constellations of Andromeda, Antlia and Apus including the stars from
    the GCVS proper plus the stars from the subsequent Name-lists, with a
    new standard of positional accuracy, to 1 second of arc (IAU Inform.
    Bull. Var. Stars, in preparation). These positions have been
    incorporated in the present data set.

File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 FileName    Lrecl    Records    Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe          80          .    This file
gcvs.dat       170      31991    Combined GCVS (vols I-III and name lists)
crossid.dat     36      98642   *The Cross-Identifications of Variable Stars
evs_cat.dat    154      10979    Extragalactic Variable Stars. Catalogue
evs_rem.dat     82       1926    Extragalactic Variable Stars. Remarks
evs_ref.dat     80        667    Extragalactic Variable Stars. References
sn_cat.dat     128        984    Extragalactic supernovae. Catalogue
sn_rem.dat      80        277    Extragalactic supernovae. Remarks
sn_ref.dat      80        719    Extragalactic supernovae. References
nl_ref.dat      80       2567    References for name lists
nsv.dat         89      14811   *Suspected variables
vartype.txt     80        918    Description of variability types
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on crossid.dat: this file is Version 1.2; it replaced version 1.1 on
     22 May 1999; further corrections applied on 16-Jun-1999.
Note on nsv.dat: a newer version of this file is available in Cat. 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See also:
    II/195 : Namelists of variable stars
    II/219 : New Suspected Variable Stars Supplement (Kazarovets+ 1999)
    ftp://ftp.sai.msu.su/pub/groups/cluster/gcvs : Sternberg files
    http://www.sai.msu.su/groups/cluster/gcvs/gcvs/ : GCVS Database

Byte-by-byte Description of file: gcvs.dat
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Bytes Format Units  Label      Explanations
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1-  3  I3    ---    Constell   [1/88]Constellation numeric code
  4-  7  I4    ---    Number     Star number within the constellation
      8  A1    ---    Component *Component identification
  9- 18  A10   ---    GCVS      *Variable star designation
     19  A1    ---    NoteFlag  *[*] Notes in published catalog
 20- 21  I2    h      RAh       *? Hours RA, equinox 1950.0
 22- 23  I2    min    RAm       *? Minutes RA, equinox 1950.0
 24- 27  F4.1  s      RAs       *? Seconds RA, equinox 1950.0
     28  A1    ---    DE-       *Sign Dec, equinox 1950.0
 29- 30  I2    deg    DEd       *? Degrees Dec, equinox 1950.0
 31- 32  I2    arcmin DEm       *? Minutes Dec, equinox 1950.0
 33- 34  I2    arcsec DEs       *? Seconds Dec, equinox 1950.0
     35  A1    ---  u_DEs       *[:*'] position accuracy flags
 36- 45  A10   ---    VarType   *Type of variability
     46  A1    ---  l_magMax     [<>(] ">" if magMax is a faint limit
                                       "<" if magMax is a bright limit
                                       "(" if magMax is an amplitude
 47- 52  F6.3  mag    magMax     ? Magnitude at maximum brightness
     53  A1    ---  u_magMax     Uncertainty flag (:) on magMax
     54  A1    ---  f_magMax     [)] ")" if magMax is an amplitude
     55  A1    ---  l_magMin     [<(] "<" if magMin is a bright limit
                                      "(" if magMin is an amplitude
 57- 62  F6.3  mag    magMin     ? Minimum magnitude or amplitude
     63  A1    ---  u_magMin     Uncertainty flag (:) on magMin
     64  A1    ---  n_magMin    *Alternative photometric system for magMin
     65  A1    ---  f_magMin     [)] ")" if magMin is an amplitude
 66- 67  A2    ---    magCode   *The photometric system for magnitudes
 68- 81  F14.6 d      Epoch     *? Epoch for maximum light, Julian days
     82  A1    ---  q_Epoch     *[:+-] Quality flag on Epoch
 83- 86  I4    ---    YearNova  *?Year of outburst for nova
     87  A1    ---  l_Period    *[<>(] Code for upper or lower limits
 88-103 F16.10 d      Period     ? Period of the variable star
    104  A1    ---  u_Period     Uncertainty flag (:) on Period
105-107  A3    ---  n_Period    *[*/N) ] Uncertainty notes on Period
108-110  A3    %      M-m/D     *Rising time (M-m) or duration of eclipse (D)
    111  A1    ---  u_M-m/D      Uncertainty flag (:) on M-m/D
    112  A1    ---  n_M-m/D     *[*] Note for eclipsing variable
113-129  A17   ---    SpType     Spectral type
130-134  A5    ---    Ref1      *Reference to a study of the star
136-140  A5    ---    Ref2      *Reference to a chart or photograph
142-155  A14   ---    Exists    *Cases of non-existence of the variable etc.
156-157  I2    h      RA2000h    ? Hours RA, equinox 2000.0
158-159  I2    min    RA2000m    ? Minutes RA, equinox 2000.0
160-163  F4.1  s      RA2000s    ? Seconds RA, equinox 2000.0
    164  A1    ---    DE2000-    Sign Dec, equinox 2000.0
165-166  I2    deg    DE2000d    ? Degrees Dec, equinox 2000.0
167-168  I2    arcmin DE2000m    ? Minutes Dec, equinox 2000.0
169-170  I2    arcsec DE2000s    ? Seconds Dec, equinox 2000.0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on Component: designations of components of double/multiple stars:
   A,B; 1,2,3  ... (tau 1). Usually only one component of the binary
   is variable, but there exist two cases (CE Cas A,B; EQ Peg A,B) when
   both components are variable and enter the catalogue as separate lines.
Note on GCVS: traditional transliterations of greek letters
  are used. Lower- and upper-case latin letters must be distinguished
  (e.g. u Her and U Her).
Note on NoteFlag: see the document by Kholopov et al. (1985-1988).
Note on RAh, RAm, RAs, DE-, DEd, DEm, DEs:
   the position is not listed when the variable is equivalent to another
   catalogued variable ("=" in column Exists, byte 142).
Note on u_DEs:
  the real coordinates accuracy uses the symbols:
  (:) means right ascensions accurate to one second of time and
      declinations accurate to one tenth of an arcminute;
  (*) means declinations accurate to one arcminute.
  (') means right ascensions accurate to one minute of time and
      declinations accurate to one arcminute.
Note on VarType: type of variability.
  The system of variable star classification corresponds to the GCVS4,
  with six additions (ZZO, AM, R, BE, LBV, BLBOO) introduced in the
  Name-Lists 67- 72 and in the GCVS vol.V (see file "vartype.txt").
Note on n_magMin: Code for alternative photometric system.
  Field is non-blank if magMin is a magnitude or amplitude given in a
  system other than that indicated by magCode. An asterisk in the
  corresponding position means the amplitude measured in white light.
Note on magCode: the photometric system in which magMin and magMax are
  reported (see also Note on n_magMax, n_magMin). The main codes are P
  (photographic magnitudes) and V (visual, photovisual, or Johnson's V).
  See also the documents by Kholopov et al. (1985-1988) or Warren (1989).
  Several stars from the 68th Name-List have in these positions "1."
  designating the 1.04 micrometer band of the system introduced by
  G.W.Lockwood. The designations u,v,b,y refer to the Stroemgren system.
  The symbols "I" and "R" mean magnitudes in Cousins' I system.
  "g" designates magnitudes in the system of Thuan and Gunn;
  "T" stands for broad-band Tycho magnitudes formed from B and V
  measurements; "r" are red magnitudes not tied to a particular system.
Note on Epoch, YearNova: Epochs are given for minimum light for all
  eclipsing and ellipsoidal variables, as well as for RV Tau and RS CVn
  types, and for maximum for all other types.  This rule may occasionally
  be broken, but this is explained only in the remarks to the catalog,
  which are not available in machine-readable form at this time.
  The epochs are Julian dates.
  For novae (types N) and supernovae (types SN), the Epoch is completed
  by a year of outburst in the YearNova column.
Note on q_Epoch: the following codes are used (see also note on Epoch) :
  ":" epoch is uncertain.
  "+" epoch may be later than that reported;
  "-" epoch may be earlier than that reported.
Note on l_Period: the following codes are used:
  ">" or "<" if period is a lower or upper limit, respectively.
  "(": the period is the mean cycle time of a U Gem or recurrent nova
  (in this case, there is ")" in n_Period column)
Note on n_Period: the following codes are used:
  "*N" if the period may be a multiple of the quoted value;
  "/N" if the period may be a fraction of the quoted value;
  ")" - see the note on l_Period.
Note on M-m/D: this column holds the rising time (M-m) of intrinsic
  variables, or the duration of the eclipse (D) for eclipsing binaries.
  These values help to define the shape of the light curve.  The value is
  given in percentage of the period of the star.
Note on n_M-m/D: the "*" indicates that the duration of the light
  constancy phase at minimum light (d) for an eclipsing variable is equal
  to zero.
Note on Ref1, Ref2:
  "00001" - if the main characteristics of the star were determined by
            the authors themselves.
  "00002" - "09148" -  Vol.  I  GCVS  (see Kholopov et al., 1985-1988).
  "09149" - "09558" -  Vol. II  GCVS
  "09559" - "10200" -  Vol. III GCVS
  "V 001" - "V 554" -  Vol.  V  GCVS  (see file evs_ref.dat)
  "67001" - "73381" -  Name-Lists Nos.67-73 (see file nl_ref.dat)
  If no chart is available for the variable, but the star is contained in
  one of the Durchmusterung catalogs or the Hubble Space Telescope Guide
  Star Catalog, the corresponding abbreviation (BD, CPD, CoD, GSC) is
  given.
Note on Exists: the following codes are used in column Exists:
  "N" in byte 142 if the star does not exist.
  "=" in byte 142 appears in three cases.
  First, it is used if the variable is equivalent to another catalogued
  variable. In such case, after the "=" symbol, the alternative name
  of the variable follows, and all necessary information on the star is
  to be found under that alternative name.
  Second, it is used for all variables of the Name-Lists Nos.67-73, it
  is followed by the two-digit number of the Name-list and the four-digit
  number of the star in the Name-list, and the information for the star
  follows the format of the Name-lists (see above).
  Third, the "=" symbol may be followed by the star's name in the GCVS
  Vol. V (see the file evs_cat.dat).
  This means that the star enters also Vol. V, and the
  information of Vol. V makes it possible to improve the data of Vols.
  I-III. In this case, the symbol "*" in byte 153 means the presence
  of remarks in Vol. V; the symbol(s) "n" or "n:" in bytes 154-155
  means that the star is nonmember (possible nonmember) of the galaxy
  in question.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Byte-by-byte Description of file: crossid.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label   Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  4  A4    ---     Cat    *Abbreviated name of catalog or list
   6- 16  A11   ---     Seq     Star number or name in the respective catalog
  18- 21  A4    ---   m_Seq    *Component designation
  23- 34  A12   ---     Vname  *Designation in GCVS or NSV
      35  A1    ---   m_var    *Component designation
      36  A1    ---     IDflag [:] Uncertainty flag on cross-identification.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on Cat:
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
   ADS  = R.G.Aitken, 'New General Catalouge of Double Stars', Carnegie
          Inst. of Washington Publ. no.417, vols.I, II, 1932
   AN   = Preliminary designations of variable stars introduced by the
          'Astronomische Nachrichten'
   AS   =  P.W. Merrill, C.G.Burwell, 'Additional Stars whose Spectra
           have a Bright H Alpha Line', Astrophys. J. 112, 72, 1950
           (=1950ApJ...112...72M); see also Astrophys. J. 113, 624, 1951
           (=1951ApJ...113..624M)
   BAY  = Bayer, list of those bright stars having designations by
          Greek letters in their constellations
   BD   = Bonner Durchmusterung, F.W.A. Argelander, Bonner
          Sternverzeichniss, 1 bis 4 sektion, Astronomische Beobachtungen
          auf der Sternwarte de Kgl. Rhein/ Friedrich-Wilhelms-Unviersiaet
          zu Bonn (Catalogs  and )
   BS (HR) = D. Hoffleit, 'The Bright Star Catalogue', 4th Revised
          Ed., Yale University Observatory, New Haven, Conn. USA, 1982
          (see catalog )
   CoD  = Cordoba Durchmusterung, J. M. Thome, Resultados del
          Observatorio Nacional Argentino 16 - 18; 21, 1892-1932
          (catalog )
   CPD  = Cape Photographic Durchmusterung, D. GIll and J. C. Kapteyn,
          Ann. Cape Obs. 3-5, 1895 - 1900 (catalog )
   CRL (AFGL) = Air Force Geophysics Laboratory. Four-Color Infrared
          Sky Survey (and supplement): S.D. Price and R.G. Walker -
          AFGL-TR-76-028 (Hanscom AFB, MA, Air Force Geophysics Lab.,
          Air Force Systems Command, USAF, 1976; S.D. Price and T.L.
          Murdock - Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, AFGL-TR-83-0161
          (see catalog )
   EG  = O.J. Eggen, J.L. Greenstein, 'Spectra, Colors, Luminosities,
          and Motions of the White Dwarfs', Astrophys. J. 141, 83
          (1965ApJ...141...83E); additional stars in Astrophys. J.
          142, 925 (1965ApJ...142..925E) and 150, 927
          (1967ApJ...150..927E); more stars added by J.L. Greenstein,
          see references in McCook and Sion,
          Astrophys. J. Suppl. 65, 603 (1987ApJS...65..603M)
   FLM  = Flamsteed, List of those bright stars having designations by
          number in their constellations
   G    = H.L. Giclas, R. Burnham Jr., and N.G. Thomas, (Large Proper
          Motion Stars) - Publications of Lowell Obs., Flagstaff, Arizona,
          1971 (Catalogs  and )
   GD   = H.L. Giclas White Dwarfs (Lowell Obs.)
   Gl   = W. Gliese, 'Catalogue of Nearby Stars', Veroeff. Astron.
          Rechen-Inst. Heidelberg nr.22, 1969; W. Gliese, H. Jahreiss,
          'Nearby star data published 1969-1978', Astron. Astrophys.
          Suppl.  38, 423 (1979A&AS...38..423G); see catalog 
   HD   = Henry Draper Catalogue - A.J. Cannon and E.C. Pickering,
          Havard Obs. Ann. 91 - 99, 1918-1924; A. J. Cannon, Harvard Obs.
          Ann. 100, 1925 - 1936; see catalog 
   He   = A number of lists of planetary nebulae and emission-line
           stars by K. Henize
   HII  = E. Hertzsprung, 'Catalogue de 3259 Etoiles dans les
          Pleiades', Ann. Sterrewacht Leiden, 19, pt. 1A, 1947
   HRC  = G.H. Herbig, N.K. Rao, 'Second Catalog of Emission-line
          Stars of the Orion Population', Astrophys. J. 174, 401
          (1972ApJ...174..401H); G.H. Herbig, K.R. Bell,
          'Third Catalog of Emission-Line Stars of the Orion Population',
          Lick Obs. Bull. no. 1111, 1988 (catalog )
   HV   = Harvard variables
   IRC  = G. Neugebauer, R.B. Leighton, 'Two-Micron Sky Survey, A
          Preliminary Catalog', NASA SP-3047, 1969; catalog 
   LH   = Lick H Alpha: A number of lists of emission-line stars by
          G.H. Herbig
   MH   = Mount Wilson H-Alpha Stars, see references for MWC and AS
   MWC  = P.W. Merrill, C.G. Burwell, 'Catalogue and Bibliography of
          Stars of Classes B and A Whose Spectra have Bright Hydrogen
          Lines', Astrophys. J. 78, 87 (1933ApJ....78...87M)
          (Mount Wilson Catalogue); Supplements: Astrophys. J. 98, 153
          (1943ApJ....98..153M); 110, 387 (1949ApJ...110..387M)
   OH   = OH sources designated by their galactic coordinates
   Par  = A List of Stars in the Region of the Orion Nebula (P.P.
          Parenago, Sternberg Inst. Publ. vol. 25, 1954; catalog )
   PG   = Palomar-Green survey
   S    = Preliminary designations of variables discovered at Sonneberg
          Observatory
   SAO  = 'Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog', parts
          I-IV, Smithsonian Inst. Washington, 1966 (catalog )
   SVS  = Soviet Variable Stars (preliminary designations of
          Soviet-discovered variables)
   VV   = Vatican variable stars
   WD   = G.P. Mc Cook, E.M. Sion, 'Catalog of Spectroscopically
          Identified White Dwarfs', Astrophys. J. Suppl. 65, 603
          (1987ApJS...65..603M); see catalog .
   WR   = K.A. van der Hucht et al. 'The Sixth Catalogue of Galactic
          Wolf-Rayet Stars, Their Past and Present', Space Sci. Rev. 28,
          227, 1981 (Catalog )
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on m_Seq, m_Variable:
     Designations of components of double/multiple stars:
     A,B,C  ...; a,b,c  ...; 1,2,3  ...; the symbols
     P = preceding, F = following, N = northern, S = southern
     may also appear.
     In the cases of  ADS 03201 and  ADS 03202 the symbols
     k1 and k2 mean kappa 1 and kappa 2, respectively.
Note on Vname: name of the object in the GCVS, its Volume V, or the NSV.
     Lower- and upper-case latin letters must be distinguished
     (e.g. u Her and U Her).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Byte-by-byte Description of file: evs_cat.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  3  I3    ---     GalNo    *[89/123] Galaxy code
   4-  7  I4    ---     VarNo    *Variable star number within the galaxy
   9- 20  A12   ---     Name     *Variable star designation
      21  A1    ---     RemFlag   [*] indicates a remark in file evs_rem.dat
  22- 23  I2    h       RAh      *Right ascension, equinox 1950.0
  24- 25  I2    min     RAm       (minutes)
  26- 30  F5.2  s       RAs       (seconds)
      31  A1    ---     DE-       sign of declination, 1950.0
  32- 33  I2    deg     DEd      *Declination, equinox 1950.0
  34- 35  I2    arcmin  DEm       (arc minutes)
  36- 39  F4.1  arcsec  DEs       (arc seconds)
      40  A1    ---   u_DEs      *[":*!] accuracy flags
  41- 48  A8    ---     VarType  *Type of variability
  49- 53  F5.2  mag     magMax    ?Magnitude at maximum brightness
      54  A1    ---   u_magMax    Uncertainty flag (:) on magMax
      55  A1    ---   l_magMin   *[<(] magMin is an upper limit or amplitude
  56- 60  F5.2  mag     magMin   *?Magnitude at minimum brightness, or
                                    amplitude
      61  A1    ---   u_magMin    Uncertainty flag (:) on magMin
      62  A1    ---   n_magMin   *[)] ")" if magMin is an amplitude
      63  A1    ---     magCode  *Code for photometric system
  64- 77  F14.6 d       Epoch    *?Epoch
      78  A1    ---   u_Epoch    Uncertainty flag on Epoch
      79  A1    ---   l_P        *[(] '(' for U Gem
  80- 92  F13.8 d       P        *?Period
      93  A1    ---   u_P         Uncertainty flag (:) on P
      94  A1    ---   n_P        *[)] ')' for U Gem
  95- 96  I2    %       M-m/D    *?M-m or D
      97  A1    ---   u_M-m/D     Uncertainty flag (:) on M-m/D
      98  A1    ---   n_M-m/D    *[*] Note for eclipsing variable
  99-104  A6    ---     SpType   *Spectrum
 106-108  A3    ---     evsRef1   Reference for study of the star,
                                    see file evs_ref.dat
 109-111  A3    ---     evsRef2   Reference for chart or photograph,
                                    see file evs_ref.dat
 113-126  A14   ---     Desig1    designation in paper Ref1
 127-138  A12   ---     Desig2    designation in paper Ref2
 139-146  A8    ---     VarName   Designation in gcvs.dat or nsv.dat
 148-149  A2    ---     nonMem   *[n: ] Non-member note
 150-153  I4    yr      YearNova *? Year of outburst
     154  A1    ---   u_YearNova  [:] Uncertainty flag on YearNova
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on GalNo: Code identifying the galaxy.
    This numbering system begins with 089, the first 88 codes being
    reserved for constellations (cf. catalog ).
    Note that NGC 1466 is a globular cluster (not a galaxy) between the
    LMC and the SMC; we presented it separately, because it is not clear
    to which galaxy to attribute its variable stars.
Note on VarNo: variable star No within the galaxy.
    Number of the variable star in the galaxy. If in the literature for
    the considered galaxy there exist several different variable star
    numbering systems, we have introduced new numbers in the order of
    increasing right ascension for the equinox 1950.0. But if the variable
    star numbering system for the galaxy is practically of general use, we
    have retained it - if necessary, with additional numbers ordered by
    increasing right ascension.
Note on Name: Variable star Designation.
    The name of the variable in the adopted system of variable star
    designations: name of the galaxy + "V" + variable star No. within the
    galaxy (see column VarNo)
Note on RAh, DEd:
    If the star's coordinates are only roughly known, they are
    nevertheless formally presented to one second of time in right
    ascension (with the decimal point following) and to one arcsecond in
    declination (with the decimal point following). See column u_DEs
    which indicates the real accuracy.
Note on u_DEs:
    the real coordinates accuracy uses the symbols:
    (") means right ascensions accurate to one second of time and
        declinations accurate to one arcsecond;
    (:) means declinations accurate to one tenth of an arcminute;
    (*) means declinations accurate to one arcminute.
    (!) for V0474 in the Sculptor system, the listed coordinates
        refer to the galaxy's center since the coordinates of the
        star itself are unknown.
Note on VarType: type of variability.
    The classification systems corresponds to the GCVS vols. I-III
    (catalog ), with the addition of the new "BLBOO" type, called
    after the prototype star BL Boo = NGC 5466 V19 referring to the
    so-called "anomalous Cepheids", i.e. stars with periods characteristic
    of comparatively long-period RRAB variables, but considerably brighter
    by luminosity. There are also suspected variables designated by the
    symbol "var:".
Note on l_magMin, magMin, n_magMin:
    minMag contains the minimum brightness, or the variability amplitude
    instead (in brackets, i.e. l_magMin='(' and n_magMin=')').
    (<) means that minMag is an upper limit (light)
Note on magCode: designation of the photometric band.
    P means photographic magnitudes,
    V means visual or photovisual magnitudes as well as V system magnitudes.
      In the latter case, they are usually distinguishable from visual
      magnitudes by the number of digits after the decimal point (as a rule,
      V system magnitudes are based upon photoelectric or CCD photometry).
    Letters U, B, R, I, J, H, K, L, M, N, O, Q mean, as a rule, magnitudes
    expressed in corresponding systems of broad-band photometry.
Note on Epoch, YearNova:
    The epoch expressed as Julian Date. For eclipsing and ellipsoidal
    variables, RV Tau and RS CVn stars, the catalogue gives epochs of
    minimum light, and for the rest of variables, epoch of maximum light.
    For novae (types N) and supernovae (types SN), the Epoch is completed
    by a year of outburst (YearNova column).
Note on l_P, P, l_P, n_P:
    For U Gem stars and recurrent novae, the P column gives (in brackets)
    the mean cycle value, if known.
Note on M-m/D, n_M-m/D:
    Duration of light increase from minimum to maximum (M-m) for intrinsic
    variable stars or the eclipse duration (D) for Algol type variables
    are expressed in hundredths of the photometric period for the star in
    question. An asterisk (*) in n_M-m/D means, for an eclipsing variable,
    that the duration of the constant brightness phase in minimum (d) for
    this star is equal to zero.
Note on SpType:
    If there exist several spectral type determinations for a star, we
    preferred more recent ones, taking into account reliability of each
    determination. We converted symbols "d"
    (dwarfs) and "g" (giants) into luminosity classes V and III. If a nova
    showed spectral features typical of novae during or after the
    outburst, a symbol (NOVA) is given in this column. If the spectrum
    shows features characteristic of U Gem variables, this column contains
    the symbol (UG). Continuous spectrum is designated "cont", the symbol
    "e" means emission spectrum, lower case letters "ea", "eb" in this
    column stand for "e alpha", "e beta". For RR Lyrae stars, spectral
    types from hydrogen lines are given. A plus sign (+) between two
    spectral type values means that spectra of two components of a
    spectroscopic binary are observed. Two spectral type values separated
    with a minus sign (-) mean the range of spectral type variations in
    the process of brightness changes.
Note on nonMem:
    Symbols "n" or "n:" for nonmembers (possible nonmembers) of the galaxy
    in question. For the stars that enter the GCVS vols. I-III (file
    gcvs.dat) or the NSV catalogue (file "nsv.dat") and are not members
    of the corresponding galaxy, the present volume gives only the running
    number, coordinates, the symbol "n", and the GCVS or NSV name.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Byte-by-byte Description of file: evs_rem.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1- 12  A12   ---     Name     *Variable star designation
  14- 82  A69   ---     Text      Text of remark
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on Name:
   When more than one line is required, this field is repeated.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Byte-by-byte Description of file: evs_ref.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  3  A3    ---     evsRef    Reference number, repeated if more than 1 line
       4  A1    ---     ---       [.] Period ending number
   6- 80  A75   ---     Text      Text of reference
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Byte-by-byte Description of file: sn_cat.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  6  A6    ---     SN        Supernova designation
       7  A1    ---   n_SN        [-?] Doubtful (?), or rejected (-) SN
       8  A1    ---     RemFlag   [*] The '*' indicates a remark in sn_rem.dat
  10- 19  A10   ---     Gal      *Parent galaxy designation
  21- 22  I2    h       RAh       ?RA 1950 (hours) of Parent galaxy
  23- 24  I2    min     RAm       ?Right Ascension 1950 (minutes)
  25- 28  F4.1  s       RAs       ?Right Ascension 1950 (seconds)
      29  A1    ---     DE-       Declination 1950 (sign)
  30- 31  I2    deg     DEd       ?Declination Deg. 1950 of Parent galaxy
  32- 33  I2    arcmin  DEm       ?Declination 1950 (minutes)
  34- 35  I2    arcsec  DEs       ?Declination 1950 (seconds)
      36  A1    ---   u_DEs      *[":'] Accuracy flags
  37- 42  A6    ---     MType     Type of the parent galaxy
  43- 47  F5.2  mag     BT        ?Integrated magnitude of parent galaxy
      48  A1    ---   u_BT        [: ]Uncertainty flag (:) on BT
      49  A1    ---   n_BT        [BJV] Band indicator, blank for photographic
  51- 58  A8    ---     maxDate  *Date of the SN's maximum or of discovery
  60- 64  F5.2  mag     magMax    ?Magnitude at maximum (light) of SN
      65  A1    ---   u_magMax    [: ]Uncertainty flag (:) on magMax
      66  A1    ---   n_magMax    [BJVRIKr] Band indicator, blank for
                                            photographic
      67  A1    ---   f_magMax   *[*] '*' if maximum not observed
  69- 73  F5.1  arcsec  dRA      *?Distance of SN from galaxy nucleus
  74- 75  A2    ---     oRA       [NSEW:? ] Orientation of dRA
  77- 81  F5.1  arcsec  dDE      *?Distance of SN from galaxy nucleus
  82- 83  A2    ---     oDE       [NSEW:? ] Orientation of dDE
  84- 85  I2    h       RASN.h    ?Right Ascension 1950 (hours) of SN
  86- 87  I2    min     RASN.m    ?Right Ascension 1950 (minutes)
  88- 91  F4.1  s       RASN.s    ?Right Ascension 1950 (seconds)
      92  A1    ---     DESN.-    Declination 1950 (sign)
  93- 94  I2    deg     DESN.d    ?Declination 1950 (degrees) of SN
  95- 96  I2    arcmin  DESN.m    ?Declination 1950 (minutes)
  97- 98  I2    arcsec  DESN.s    ?Declination 1950 (seconds)
      99  A1    ---   u_DESN.s   *[":'] accuracy flags on SN position
 100-105  A6    ---     SNType   *SN classification
 107-122  A16   ---     Discov   *Name of the SN discoverer
 123-125  A3    ---     snRef1   *Reference for study of the star
 126-128  A3    ---     snRef2   *Reference for chart or photograph
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on Gal:
   "N"  means NGC catalogue numbers,
   "I"  refers to the IC catalogue,
   "U"  to the UGC catalogue,
   "M"  to the MCG catalogue,
   "E"  to ESO survey lists.
   "An" means an anonymous galaxy
   "Intergal" is for cases when the supernova cannot be reliably
   attributed to a particular galaxy and is considered intergalactic.
Note on u_DEs, u_DESN.s:
   The real coordinates accuracy is denoted by
   (") means right ascensions accurate to one second of time and
       declinations accurate to one arcsecond;
   (:) means declinations accurate to one tenth of an arcminute;
   (') means declinations accurate to one arcminute.
Note on maxDate, f_magMax:
   The date of the SN's maximum or of discovery, or of an isolated
   observation at high brightness. If maxDate or f_magMax contains an
   asterisk (*), it means that the date and/or the magnitude refer not to
   the maximum (not covered with observations), but to the EPOCH OF
   DISCOVERY or to an isolated observation at high brightness. As a rule,
   information about maxima was not included if it was based on
   considerable extrapolation.
Note on dRA:
   In line 393, 1970K, the offset is 0.3E
Note on dDE:
   In line 732, 1988T, the offset is 0.4N
Note on SNType:
   Limited to types I (I-A, I-B) and II (II-l, II-pl), with possible
   indications of peculiarities (pec).
Note on Discov:
   In case of several discoverers, the name of the first author of the
   discovery is given followed by "+" symbol. As a rule, information on
   independent rediscoveries is not presented in the remarks, for the
   sake of brevity. The abbreviation "BASST" in this column means that
   the supernova was discovered by the Berkeley Automated Supernova
   Search Team.
Note on snRef1 and snRef2:
   See file sn_ref.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Byte-by-byte Description of file: sn_rem.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Bytes Format Units  Label  Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1-  6  A6    ---    SN     Supernova designation, repeated if more than 1 line
      7  A1    ---  n_SN     [-?] Doubtful (?), or rejected (-) SN
  9- 80  A72   ---    Text   Text of remarks
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Byte-by-byte Description of file: sn_ref.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  3  A3    ---     snRef     Reference number, repeated if more than 1 line
       4  A1    ---     ---       [. ] Period following Reference number
   6- 80  A75   ---     Text      Text of reference
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Byte-by-byte Description of file: nl_ref.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1- 2   A2    ---     NLnum     Name-List number
   3- 5   A3    ---     Ref      *Reference number
   7- 80  A74   ---     Text      Text of reference
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on Ref:
   In the present version the authors attempted to give Latin
   transliterations of Russian-language names of astronomical periodicals
   and books. They did not try to unify the Latin spelling of names
   with Cyrillic (or other) original forms, but simply tried to reproduce
   the Latin transcriptions in the publications referred to. Of course this
   may lead to some confusion, hopefully minor. If a paper enters lists of
   references of several Name-Lists, it appears several times in the
   present version.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Byte-by-byte Description of file: nsv.dat
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units  Label      Explanations
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  5  I5    ---    NSV        NSV number
       6  A1    ---    NSVLetter *NSV letter suffix
       7  A1    ---  u_NSV        [-]Dubitancy flag
                                  if a star's variability seems doubtful
                                  or erroneous to the catalog compilers
       8  A1    ---    NoteFlag1 *[*] Notes in published catalog
   9- 10  I2    h      RAh       *?Hours RA, equinox 1950.0
  11- 12  I2    min    RAm       *?Minutes RA, equinox 1950.0
  13- 16  F4.1  s      RAs       *?Seconds RA, equinox 1950.0
      17  A1    ---    DE-       *Sign Dec, equinox 1950.0
  18- 19  I2    deg    DEd       *?Degrees Dec, equinox 1950.0
  20- 21  I2    arcmin DEm       *?Minutes Dec, equinox 1950.0
  22- 23  I2    arcsec DEs       *?Seconds Dec, equinox 1950.0
      24  A1    ---  u_DEs       *[:*] accuracy flags
  25- 29  A5    ---    VarType   *Type of variability
  31- 35  F5.2  mag    magMax    *?Magnitude at maximum brightness
      36  A1    ---  u_magMax     [:]Uncertainty flag on magMax
  38- 39  A2    ---  l_magMin     [><(] "<" if magMin is a bright limit
                                   "(" if magMin is an amplitude; with
                                   "><" prefix, the amplitude in the
                                   table is a lower or upper limit.
  40- 45  F6.3  mag    magMin    *?Minimum magnitude or amplitude
  46- 47  A2    ---  u_magMin     [st:] a light amplitude is reported for
                                   the minimum and it is given in steps
                                   Uncertainty flag (:) on magMin
      48  A1    ---  f_magMin     [)] ")" if magMin is an amplitude
      49  A1    ---    magCode   *The photometric system for magnitudes
  51- 57  A7    ---    Ref1      *Reference to a study of the star
                                   see the document by Kukarkin et al.(1982)
  59- 67  A9    ---    Desig     *Designation in paper Ref1
  69- 70  A2    ---    SpType    *Spectral type
  72- 77  A6    ---    Ref2      *Chart reference
                                   see the document by Kukarkin et al.(1982)
  79- 88  A10   ---    VarName   *Designation in GCVS
      89  A1    ---    NoteFlag2  [*] Notes in catalog GCVS Vol.V
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on NSVLetter:
   The letter "A" is present for one star, NSV 10360A,
   which is a completely different object from NSV 10360.
Note on NoteFlag1:
   See the document by Kukarkin et al.(1982).
   There are several data fields that can contain asterisks. These
   signify that more complete information will be found in the remarks to
   the published catalog. The remarks are, unfortunately, not machine
   readable, but they do contain much supplemental information. There,
   one will find information covering situations like, e.g.:
      1. The discoverer of the light variability is not the author of the
         paper cited in the variability reference, or is one of several
         authors of the paper cited. In these cases, discoverers' names
         are given in italics in original transcriptions of the remarks.
      2. The most important additional information about a star, although
         the NSV compilers did not intend to present complete
         bibliographies for any catalogued stars.
      3. Remarks for visual binaries (in parentheses following the number
         of a star in the corresponding catalog) giving visual magnitudes
         for the individual components A and B, angular separations, and
         position angles for faint components (or semimajor axis of a
         relative orbit and period of orbital motion). Data for other
         components are then given where applicable. (Combined magnitudes
         are generally reported in the machine-readable table.)
Note on RAh, RAm, RAs, DE-, DEd, DEm, DEs:
   The position is not listed when the variable is equivalent to a GCVS
   star (column VarName).
Note on u_DEs:
   The actual accuracy of coordinates is indicated with the symbols:
   (:) means right ascensions accurate to one second of time and
       declinations accurate to one tenth of an arcminute;
   (*) means declinations accurate to one arcminute.
Note on VarType: type of variability.
   The system of variable star classification corresponds to the GCVS4
   (see file "vartype.txt").
Note on magMax, magMin:
   Magnitudes are reported to hundredths if the observations are
   photoelectric, to tenths or whole magnitudes if they are not. If only
   an amplitude has been measured photoelectrically, then the maximum
   magnitude is generally given to tenths only and the minimum is reported
   to hundredths.
Note on magCode:
   The photometric system in which magMin and magMax are
   reported (see also Note on n_magMax, n_magMin). The main codes are P
   (photographic magnitudes) and V (visual, photovisual, or Johnson's V).
Note on Ref1:
   Usually a 6-digit number coding, as a rule, the reference to the
   announcement of the discovery of variability. The first two digits
   give the year (in the 20th century) when the announcement was
   published (blank for the 19th century). The next four digits give the
   number in the list of references contained in the published catalog,
   which is generally the first publication announcing the possible
   variability. The numbers are followed by a letter code in most cases
   (byte 57) with the following meanings:
      K: the cited paper contains a chart or photograph of the field with
         the suspected variable marked.
      D: the cited paper does not contain a chart, but the star is
         catalogued in one of the Durchmusterungen (DM) (BD,CD,CPD).
Note on Desig:
   The identification of the suspected variable in the
   paper referenced above.  DM numbers are given without a prefix, the
   standard naming convention of "The Henry Draper Catalogue" being used
   (BD for zones +89 to -22; CD for -23 to -51; CP for -52 to -89).
   Some identifications are given by coordinate designations, a 6-digit
   number consisting of hours, minutes, and seconds (or tenths of a minute)
   of time and degrees of declination with sign included.  An asterisk (*)
   signifies that a designation is given in the remarks to the published
   catalog.
   Stars are sometimes designated with numbers from the catalogs of Zinner
   (ZI, 1929) and Prager (PR, 1934, 1937) because the original discovery
   publications were not available to the NSV compilers.  The catalogs of
   Zinner and Prager give detailed references to early observations of such
   stars.
Note on SpType:
   Temperature classes and subclasses only are given.
   Most luminosity classes are III to V, but if a star is a supergiant,
   more detailed classification information is given in the remarks to the
   published catalog.  The following symbols are used:
                  AF     A-F
                  AM     Am
                  AP     Ap
                  BE     Be
                  E      emission spectrum
                  EA     e sub alpha
                  EV     variable emission in spectrum
                  FG     F-G
                  KM     K-M
                  OF     Of
                  PD     Pd
                  T      characteristics of T Tauri stars
Note on Ref2:
   The coding for the numbers is similar to that used
   in the variability references described above, except that there are no
   letter codes.  These are references to papers containing identification
   charts if no charts are given in the papers cited for the variability
   references.
Note on VarName:
   1) The alternative name of the variable. All necessary information on
   the star is to be found under that alternative name, in the gcvs.dat
   file.
   2) The star's name in the GCVS Vol. V (see the file v.zip, where the
   explanation of the designations is also given). In this case, the
   symbol "*" in column 89 means the presence of remarks in Vol. V.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Acknowledgement:
    The ADC thanks Drs. Samus and Durlevich for providing us with the
    up-to-date, machine-readable version of the GCVS and the Name Lists.
    This ReadMe is based on the one prepared by them and the four *.txt.

History of the Machine-Readable Catalogs:
    This catalogue gathers the files previously numbered
     (GCVS4, vols I-III),  (GCVS4, vol, IV),
     (GCVS4, vol. V),  (New Suspected Variables), and
     (Name-Lists).

    Catalogues  and  were first documented by Warren
    (1988, 1989); the documentation for the catalogues  and
     was prepared by N.N. Samus and O.V. Durlevich (Moscow),
    with F. Ochsenbein (CDS).

    The first version of this Combined Catalogue (September 1997) was
    prepared by N. Roman (ADC) with the help of N.N. Samus and O.V.
    Durlevich (Moscow).

    The second version of this Combined Catalogue (August 1998), which
    incorporates the 73rd Name-List of Variable Stars and improved
    equatorial positions in Andromeda, Antlia and Apus, was prepared by
    N.N. Samus and O.V. Durlevich. Files were slightly reformatted at CDS
    (F. Ochsenbein) to have searchable epochs.

    The version 1.2 of the file "crossid.dat" was included on 22 May 1999.
    A further correction (QW Nor = NSV 7374 instead of NSV 7334) was applied
    on 16-Jun-1999 at CDS (message from N.N. Samus to F. Ochsenbein)

Acknowledgements in original documents:
    The computer-readable version of the Name-List files has been compiled
    by O.V. Durlevich, N.A.Gorynya, E.V.Kazarovets, and N.N. Samus, with
    the assistance of E.N.Pastukhova. We wish to thank O.Yu.Malkov for his
    kind consultations during the preparation of the first
    computer-readable version of Name-Lists. Thanks are due to S.V.
    Antipin for his assistance during GSC identifications and positional
    determinations.

    The crossid.dat was supported in part by the Russian Foundation
    for Basic Research (grant 95-02-05189) and by the Federal Program
    'Astronomy' (grant 93-3-182).

    The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the work
    on variable star catalogues by the International Astronomical Union
    until 1994. The final stage of the work on evs*.dat and sn*.dat was
    also supported by the European Southern Observatory (grant ESO C&EE
    A-02-047). The variable star studies were also sponsored through a
    grant of the Russian Federation programme "Astronomy". The authors are
    grateful to the American Association of Variable Star Observers who
    provided a grant for us in 1994. The printing of the book version was
    supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. The Sternberg
    Institute part of the author team is grateful for the grant supplied
    through the program "Universities of Russia" in 1993.

    They wish to thank all astronomers who sent us their results prior to
    publication, gave us good advice, helped practically or with ideas. We
    would like to thank specially Drs. S.V. Antipin, V.P. Arkhipova, M.
    Bessell, Yu.N. Efremov, M.P. Galkina, Sh. Hughes, K.V. Kuimov, V.G.
    Kurt, T. Lloyd Evans, C. Lopez, R.I. Noskova, A.S. Sharov, Yu.A.
    Shokin, D.Yu. Tsvetkov, A.V. Zharov, A.V. Zharova.

Authors' addresses:
    N.N. Samus [Moscow Inst. Astron.]
    O.V. Durlevich [Sternberg Astron. Inst., Moscow]
    

References:
   Aitken, R. G. 1932, "New General Catalogue of Double Stars within 120
     Degrees of the North Pole", Carnegie Institution of Washington Pub. 417
     (Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution of Washington).
   Argelander, F. 1859-62, "Bonner Sternverzeichnis.  Erste bis dritte
     Sektion", Astronomischen Beobachtungen auf der Sternwarte der
     Koeniglichen Rhein. (Cat. )
   Artiukhina N.M., Durlevich O.V., Frolov M.S., Goranskij V.P., Gorynya
     N.A., Karitskaya E.A., Kazarovets E.V., Kholopov P.N., Kireeva N.N.,
     Kurochkin N.E., Lipunova N.A., Medvedeva G.I., Pastukhova E.N., Samus
     N.N., Tsvetkova T.M., 1995, General Catalogue of Variable Stars, 4rd
     ed., vol.V. Extragalactic Variable Stars, "Kosmosinform", Moscow
   Cannon, A. J. and Pickering, E. C. 1918-1924, "The Henry Draper Catalogue",
     Ann. Astron. Obs. Harvard College 91-99. (Cat. )
   Dreyer, J. L. E. 1888, "New General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of
     Stars", Mem. Roy. Astron. Soc. 49, Part I (reprinted 1962, London:
     Royal Astronomical Society) (see Cat. )
   Durlevich O.V., Frolov M.S., Kazarovets E.V., Samus N.N, 1996,
     Bull. Inf. CDS 48, 35
   Durlevich O.V., Frolov M.S., Kazarovets E.V., Samus N.N., 1994,
     The list of errors in the GCVS, 4th edition. I. Volumes I-III, Bull.
     Inf. CDS, 45, 19
   Gill, D. and Kapteyn, J. C. 1895-1900, "Cape Photographic Durchmusterung,
     Ann. Cape Obs." 3 (1895, Part I: zones -18 to -37); 4 (1897, Part II:
     zones -38 to -52); 5 (1900, Part III: zones -53 to -89; Cat. ).
   Hoffleit, D. (with the collaboration of Jaschek, C.) 1982, "The Bright Star
     Catalogue" (New Haven: Yale University Observatory; see Cat. ).
   Kazarovets E.V., Samus N.N., Goranskij V.P., 1993IBVS.3840....1K
   Kazarovets E.V., Samus N.N., 1995IBVS.4140....1K
   Kholopov P.N., Samus N.N., Durlevich O.V., Kazarovets E.V., Kireeva N.N.,
     Tsvetkova T.M., 1990, General Catalogue of Variable Stars, 4rd ed.,
     vol.IV(Moscow, Nauka Publishing House, Cat. )
   Kholopov P.N., Samus N.N., Durlevich O.V., Kazarovets E.V., Kireeva N.N.,
     Tsvetkova T.M., 1992, Bull. Inf. CDS, 40, 15.
   Kholopov P.N., Samus N.N., Frolov M.S., Goranskij V.P., Gorynya N.A.,
     Karitskaya E.A., Kazarovets E.V., Kireeva N.N., Kukarkina N.P.,
     Kurochkin N.E.,  Medvedeva G.I., Pastukhova E.N., Perova N.B.,
     Rastorguev A.S., Shugarov S.Yu., 1985 -- 1988, General Catalogue of
     Variable Stars, 4rd ed., vols. I -- III, Nauka, Moscow; Cat. .
   Kuestner, F. 1903, "Bonner Durchmusterung des Noerdlichen Himmels, zweite
     berichtigte Auflage", Bonn Universitats Sternwarte. (Cat. )
   New Catalogue of Suspected Variable Stars, Kukarkin B.V., Kholopov P.N.,
     Artiukhina N.M., Fedorovich V.P., Frolov M.S., Goranskij V.P., Gorynya
     N.A., Karitskaya E.A., Kireeva N.N., Kukarkina N.P., Kurochkin N.E.,
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(End) N.N. Samus, O.V. Durlevich [Moscow Inst.], F. Ochsenbein [CDS] 21-Apr-1999