Äîêóìåíò âçÿò èç êýøà ïîèñêîâîé ìàøèíû. Àäðåñ îðèãèíàëüíîãî äîêóìåíòà : http://vega.inp.nsk.su/~inest/astrolib/zemax_rus.pdf Äàòà èçìåíåíèÿ: Mon Feb 6 14:32:32 2006 Äàòà èíäåêñèðîâàíèÿ: Mon Oct 1 20:03:26 2012 Êîäèðîâêà: Ïîèñêîâûå ñëîâà: m 8

ZEMAX

®

Optical Design Program 9.0

Focus Software, Incorporated P. O. Box 18228 Tucs on, AZ 85731-8228 USA Tel. (520) 733-0130 Fax. (520) 733-0135 ZEMAX@focus -s oftware.com www.focus -s oftware.com

: : ZEMAX De ve l opme nt Corporati on 4901 M orena Blvd. Suit e 207 San Diego, CA, 92117-7320 USA Sales: (858) 490-2840 Support : (858) 490-2844 Fax: (858) 490-2836 E-M ail: Web: sales@z emax.com sup p ort @z emax.com ht t p ://www.z emax.com



1

.............................................................................................................................................................1 ZEMA X? ................................................................................................................................................1 ZEMA X? ..........................................................................................................................................1 ....................................................................................................................... 1 .......................................................................................................................................... 2 .............................................................................................................................................. ............2



2

................................................................................................................................................................ 3 ................................................................................................................................................................3 ...................................................................................................................................... 3 ................................................................................................................................ 4 .............................................................................................................................. 4 ..... ............................................................................................................................ 7 ............................................................................................................................... 7 ...................................................................................................8 " "...............................................................................................................8 Window s ....................................... ..................................................................... 9


1




ZE M AX : ZE M AX-SE ( ), ZE M AX-XE ( ), ZE M AX-EE ( ). , . ZE M AX-XE, ZE M AX-EE, ZE M A X-SE, , , :

! ZEM AX- XE ZEM AX - EE.
ZE M AX-EE, ZE M AX-XE ZE MAX-SE, , , :

! ZEM AX - EE.
, XE , SE . , EE XE. ZE M AX.

ZEM AX ® - Focus Sof t wa r e, Inc.

ZEM AX?
ZEMA X - , , , . ZEMA X , . ZE AX , M . . , ZEMA X, .

ZEM AX?
ZEMA X, ZEMA X , . , - . ZEMA X - , . , ZE AX M , . , . , ZEMA X . , , , , . , , . ZEMA X.


ZEMA X, , : 1) . 2) Chec k the index ( at the bac k of this doc ument) to s ee if it is r ef er enc ed. 3) " ". 4) " The ZEMA X ex ample f iles ". ( ZEMA X) . , , - mail. - .

1.

1



ZE M AX : Wi ndows 98, Wi ndows 2000, Wi ndows NT ; 64 M b , 40 M b , CD-ROM , 1024 x 768.

: .

_____________________________________________________________________
ZE M AX, , , .

""
ZE M AX . " " . " " ( ). " " , ZE M AX .

ZEMA X
ZEMA X . ZEMA X .

: , : "" . . , , , "". , , - . , " ", , " ".

2

1.


2




, ZE M AX, . ZE M AX , . ZE M AX , . " ".


ZE M AX : : , . , . , .

: : ( Lens Data Editor), ( Mer it Func tion Editor ) , (MultiConf igur ation Editor ) , ( Toler anc e Data Editor ) , ZEMA X- EE , (Ex tra Data Editor) ( NonSequential Components Editor ) . : , , MTF. : , . . - . , , , . , , , .
( ) .


. . . , . : (File ): , (Open), (Cl o se ), (S a ve) (Save a s..) . (E ditors ): . (S ys te m): . (Ana lysis). " " , , . , , , .. (Tools ). ­ , . , ( ), . (Re ports ). , . , , , . (M acros ): , ZP L - . (E xtensions ): ZE M AX , , ZE M AX. (Window ): , . (He lp): .

2. .

3


, . , Ctrl +Q ZE M AX. (" ") . - Contro l +T ab. , ZE M AX. . . , . (Fi l e ), (P re fe re n ce s), (B uttons). . 1024x768 .


, , (merit f unc tion) . , . . - ( ), . " ". ( ) , - . " " , , , . - , . , , ENTER. , " " , ENTER. , 12 17, "+5", ENTER. ("/"). , " ", , . , . , , , "bac k s pac e" F2. , "home" "end" , . , . , ENTER . " ", "" . "Tab" "Shift" . , "es c ape". " ", " ", " " "" . CTRL " ", " ", " " "", . Tab Shif t - . "Page Up" "Page Dow n" . "Ctr l+Page Up" "Ctr l+Page Dow n" . "ome" "End" , . CTRL+ home CTRL+end - , . . , . .


: Updat e ( , ) - , . Se ttings ( ) - , . Pr int ( ) - . Window ( ) - : Annot at e : . " " ". A nnotate: Line ( ) - . Te xt ( ) - . Box ( ) - . 4 2. .


Edit ( ) - . Copy Clipboar d ( ) - Window s . . . Expor t ( ) - Window s Metaf ile, BMP JPG - . Lock Window ( ). , "" , . , , . . , ( update) , , , , , . , . , , . Clone ( ) - , . , . , , , . As pe ct Rat io ( - ) - 3 x 4 ( x ) - , 3 x 5, 4 x 3, 5 x 3. "Gr aphic s ", "File", "Pr ef er enc es ". Act ive Cur s or ( ) - ( ) , . X Y - , . , 3- , - 3- . , , , . . "", , . , , . Conf igur at ion ( ) - , . - " ", .. . , 3D - lay out, Repor t Gr aphic s Spot Diagr ams , . Ove r lay - ; . , . Te xt ( ) - . . Zoom ( ) - . . . Zoom:

In: 2 . ut : 2 . Last : . Unz oom: . : . "Up dat e".
"Settings ".

" ".
, . - "A nnotate" , "Line", "Tex t", "Box ". , , "Line", , , , . . , , "A nnotate", "Tex t". . , "OK", , . 2. . 5


, , , "A nnotate", "E it". d , . ( c hec kbox ) . , , . , , Ctr l +Enter . , : " " x y angle fontx fonty "TEXT" , x y, , "angle", , f ontx f onty . , x = 0.0, x = 100.0, - y = 0.0, - y = 100.0. . f ontx f onty - . , f ontx , fonty , , . LINE x1 y1 x2 y2 LINE x1, y1 x2, y2. - x y TEXT. BOX x1 y1 x2 y2 BOX x1, y1 x 2, y 2. - x y TEXT. ELLIPSE x y rx ry ELLIPSE , x, y rx r y . ry , rx , ry , r x . : OK: . Cance l ( ): . Save ( ): " ", . . Load ( ): " ". , , , . Reset ( ): . He lp ( ): .

" "
" " , , . " " , ZEMA X , 1/2 . . , , , . , . . " " , . " " , . , Zoom, Unz oom . " " " " . . " " " " .

6

2. .



: Updat e ( ): , . Se ttings ( ): , . Pr int ( ): . : Copy Clipboar d ( ): Window s . . . Save Te xt ( ): A SCII. Lock Window ( ): , "", . , . - . , . , , . Clone ( ): , . , , . , , , . Conf igur at ion ( ): , . - " ", .. . : - , . , "Update". - "Settings ".

c
. "OK" "Canc el" ( ), Window s . Analis is - , , , . : OK: . Cance l ( ): , , , . Save ( ): . . . Load ( ): , . . . Reset ( ): " ". He lp ( ): ZEMA X. . Sav e Load . Sav e Load , , . , "A ", 15, Sav e, "A" 15. , "15" . , "B" , 9, Sav e. "B", , , , 9 . , "A " 15, . 2. . 7


Sav e Load , CFG ZMX. CFG , . , , , . , Tab Shif t+Tab, . "" , ( c hec kbox ) . . .


ZEMA X . , , toler anc ing ( . ­ !) . , "Ter minate". , , ZEMA X . , . , MTF . , MTF , . , , . , "Es c ape", . MTF, PSF . "Es c ape", ( 1 2 ) , , . , "Es c ape" , , , , , , .

" "
ZEMAX
Ctrl + T a b Ctrl +


. ZEMA X. , Ctrl+L (L ­ lay out) 2D . . " " . . , , . , " - " . , . , Update. , "s olves". , . , Settings . , "s olves".

F1 ..F1 0 B a ckspace



8

2. .


T ab S h i ft + T a b Ho m e /E nd

, . . -/- . / . / . -/ . /

Ctrl + Ho m e /E n d

Cu rso r K e y . (L e ft, Ri g h t, Up , Do wn ) 3- X Y. Ctrl + Cu rso r K e y . (L e ft, Ri g h t, Up , Do wn ) - , - .

. 3- Z. Ctrl + P age Up /Down .
P age Up /Down

WINDOWS
A l t + T ab

, . ZEMA X . Window s . . . , . , Alt + F "File".

Ctrl + E sc Al t A l t + l e tte r

T ab S h i ft + T a b En te r L e tte r

. . "" "". " " . . .

Windows
Window s - . . , , Window s , .

2. .

9


ZEMA X , , ZEMAX . , , , . , ZE AX, M . ZEMA X . , Window , Copy Clipboar d. ( ), . - , , " " (Pas te), " " ( Edit) . Window s ZEMA X , . , "E port Metafile", x " " . metafile , Window s .

10

2. .


3 ________________________________________________

, . ZEMAX , .


- , . - . "".


- . .


"" . , . , . , ZEMAX , . : , , . ( ), . . " ". ZEMAX , . , . , . " ", " ".


ZEMAX Z . , 1 .


" " () , . , +1, , -1, , +1, , . , . , , .. , . ZEMAX . 3: 1



, , , . , , , . , , , , . ( ), ( "ray aiming" ) ( "ray aiming" ), , , . , , ( "ray aiming" ) ( "ray aiming" ). , , . ZEMAX . . , , , , , , , "".


- Z, , . . X, " " Y, . - , Z. (1, 3, 5 ..) Z . , .


" " () , , (). , , ( ). / (OPD) - , . , , , RMS, "standard deviation", "maximum slope error" . , , . ZEMAX, MTF " " (Diffraction Encircled Energy), . "" . , , , , , . , X=0 Y=0 . (0, 0) , 1.

2

3:



ZEMAX " ". , : Ei = Z
i+1

- Zi + Ti

Zi - i, +- i, Zi+1 - i+1 +- i+1, Ti - . , +y , - , Z. i- i+1- , , . ZEMAX , . , . , "solve". .


, . . (n=1.0), 1.


.


, . - 1, 0.


.


.


, . . " " " ".

3:

3



( ), . - . Z Z . , . ZEMAX X Y : l

tg

x =­

n

tg

y =­

m n

l2 + m2 + n 2 = 1
l, m, n x, y, z .

""
"" - , ZEMAX. , , , F /# , , . , , , . , .


GLASS (""). . MIRROR (""), . , , , . . " ".


ZEMAX () , , . . . . 6 , 60 . 0 X . 12 ( - 19, ). 18 . 6 , . , , ,

4

3:


. - 5, , 5 . , 5 , : 1 + 6 + 12 + 18 + 24 + 30 = 91 .


, . , , .

(NA)
NA - +y , .


- . , , , , , .


- , . , ZEMAX , , . "ray aiming", . . .


, , " " (field angle), , " " (object height) " " (image height) . " " (Field Data), "System".


" " , . , , , , .. . , , , , , . . , , .

3:

5



, , - . , , . . , . . .


ZEMAX, . : Hx, Hy, Px, Py. Hx Hy - ; Px Py - . , . ( , ) , , , . , , - 10 . , 3 , , 0, 7, 10 . (Hx = 0, Hy = 1) , (x = 0 , y = 10 ). (Hx =-1, Hy = 0) , (x =-10 , y = 0 ) . . , ( ) - 8 . (Px = 0, Py = 1) , . , (x = 0 , y = 8 ). , -1 1,

H2x + H

2

y

1, P2x + P2y 1

, , . , - , (Hx = 0, Hy = 0, Px = 0, Py = 1) , (0,1,0,0). , , . , , . , , . , . , , y- 0, 7, 10 . , 10 . Hx = 0 Hy = 1 x- 0 y- 10 . Hx = -0.5 Hy = 0.4 x- - 5 y- 4 . , , x- , , Hx . Hx Hy , . , x - 10 , y- - -6 , - 11.66 , Hx, Hy . , , . , Hx Hy .

6

3:



- , . . , .

Parameter Data
Parameter data values , . , , , . . "Parameter Data" " ".


"", , " ". - , . : n sin = n' sin ' : n = n' ' . , . , , F / *, , .., ZEMAX . , ZEMAX "" , , , .. , , . , ZEMAX "" , - , . "" , . , , , , , . ZEMAX , , . , "" , , .


.


, . . - .
3: 7



1 W = ------------n tg
- , n - . . . .


, , , .


, . , , , , . .


"" , , , ( ). - , , . , Y, - YZ, - YZ, . , . , ZEMAX , YZ, , , Y . YZ, , X . . , Y , . . - , , .


. - , , . "Semi-diameter" "U", .

8

3:


"U" , . , . . , , , . , ( , ). ZEMAX , . , ZEMAX , , , , . . " ". , "" ZEMAX . , z , "". , z x y . , "", ZEMAX , . "*" "Semi-diameter". .


, . ZEMAX , . - 1, 2, 3, .. . , 0, 1, 2, .. 5 3, . . " ".


, , () , . ; "" , . , . . , . " ", " ".


- , (Entrance Pupil Diameter), (Numerical Aperture) (Stop Size). 4 . , , , , . . . , .

3:

9



- . - , - Z. . , . . Z 180 .

(TIR)
" " , , . , , , . , , , . , , ZEMAX . , , .


- , " " " " . 1. 1 , . , z, " " , z " " . .


- , . ZEMAX : VDX, VDY, VCX, VCY. x, y, x, y, . - , . , . , , . , (px = 0, py = 1) , . , ZEMAX , . . , "" , . . -, , . , , . F / D ( ), , . . :

10

3:


Px' = VDX + Px (1 ­ VCX) Py' = VDY - Py (1 ­ VCY)
VDX , VCX x . VDY VCY. , , , . , . , , : 1) ZEMAX , . , , , RMS , , . , , . , Y, ZEMAX , . - , ZEMAX . , MTF, , , , . 2) , - , , ! , , , , , . , , , . 3) . 1E-06 , . , ZEMAX , ; . , , . "ray aiming" . "ray aiming" , , . "ray aiming" , . . ­ , , . "Field Data". . " " . ; . " Multi-Configurations ".


. "Wavelength Data". . " ".

3:

11



F/#

1 W = ---------2n sin '
' - , n - . . , , , , . , F/#. F/# , , , F/# , , . . F/#. (- ), , F/#.

12

3:


4 .

.

5:
F: . . , ZEMAX , . , , 1.053. - 100 , 20 . ­ . ­ , , , , : 1) . 2) ( ). 3) , 250 . 4) 1 . 5) 0.63 , . , , , , . , ZEMAX. . , "Focal Length" "Glass". "Focal Length" , "Standard" "Paraxial". .

LDE

paraxial , . (thickness) 25.00. , 100 ( ) -1.053 . : ! , . 250 - - .3. "Editors", "Merit Function". , "BLNK", . "REAY". , 5:1. "5"


" Srf * " ( ­ , ) 1.00 Py. "target" () 10. 20 . "weight" 1.0. "Tools", "Update"; "value" 50. - , . "Tools", "Default Merit Function". "Reset", "Start At" 2, . 2 - REAY. "Tools", "Optimization", "Automatic". , "Exit". "Analysis", "Fans", "Optical Path". OPD, 5-1

5-1. , , 7 . , - (ZEMAX, , ), , . "conic" 1, Ctrl-Z. , Automatic . . "Exit", OPD. , . , Ctrl-Z . , , , "File", "Save As". MC1. ZMX OK. , . , . "Wavelength Data", "System", " Wavelengths". 1.053 0.6328, OK. OPD. - . - . , . 250 2 , Tools, Optimization. . "Automatic". . Exit, OPD . . , Ctrl-Z. . , Editors, Multi-configuration. , Edit, Insert Config. , "WAVE" . "1" "Wavelength #", OK. . 1.053


" Config 1 " 0.6328 " Config 2 ". insert, Multi Configuration Editor. , 1, "THIC " . " THIC " . "2" "Surface" , OK. 250 " Config 1 ", 250 " Config 2 ". "2" 2, 2 . 2 2 , Ctrl-Z. . Tools , Default Merit Function. "Start At " 1. 1- . OK. . REAY, , multi-config. , CONF 1 " Cfg * " . 1. 3 OPDX . CONF OPDX, . "REAY". "5" Srf * ( - , ) 1.00 Py. target 10. 20 . , CONF 1 . CONF 2, , 5:1 . , 1, 2, 4 , , . 1 . . , 5 (3 , 1 , 1 ). Automatic, , Exit. " Config 1 " , OPD. , 1.053. "Config 2", OPD ( 0.6328). . , , . Ctrl-A . , .

6:
F : , , . , "Add Fold Mirror", , . , Newtonian . : 1) . , . , . 2) . , . File (), New , . "New" , , - . (LDE), : OBJ, STO IMA, 0, 1 2. STO


, "" . , STO 100, . , System, General, , , 20 ( F/5 ). OK, . , Analysis, Layout, 3D Layout. , , . , ; . , . 45 . , , 30 . : , 45 , , 45 , . - : , . , - , , insert . 1 (STO ) 30. " MIRROR " glass 3. 4 ( IMA) 70. , (70) , . 3D layout . , , , , 40 . . 45 , 2 4, "Coordinate Break" . "parameter". 2 4 . 3 4, "Tilt About X". (, 4) "Pickup". " From Surface" 2 "Scale Factor" (" ") 1.0. . OK. , "P" . 2, 45 " x "- . «System», «Update All», , E6-1.

, , 30, . - 0, , . ,


45 . , - , , . , 45 . , 45 , -70 . , , thickness step. , , , insert . 4 -70 -30, 6 - MIRROR, 7 - +40 ( ). 5 7 coordinate breaks x (-45) 5. 7, "tilt about x" pick up . pick up 5, 1. 3D Layout . E6-2.

6-2 -- 90 , . pick up , , . 30 (-60) tilt about x 2 5, , System, Update All, 3D Layout.


5
New
: .

FILE MENU "FILE"

: ZEMAX , .. LDE - . . , ZEMAX .

Open
: . : . , ZEMAX . "Insert Lens".

Save

: . : . "Save As".

Save as ... ...
: . : .

5: "FILE"

5 -1


Use Session Files / _______
: : 1 - ( ) 2 - ( ). , . : Environment, Editors .

Insert Lens
: . : "Open", , , . , ZEMAX , . . "Ignore Object"; , . 1, 0. , , .

Preferences
: ZEMAX , , . - ZEMAX.CFG; , . : Address (), Directories (), Graphics (), Text (), Editors (), Printing () Button bar ( ).

Address
: - " ". , , - . .

5-2

5: "FILE"


Settings ( Address Line 1 Address Line 2 Address Line 3 Address Line 4 Address Line 5 Show Line 4 As Show Line 5 As Hide Address

): ( zoom-) ( zoom-) : , zoom- : , zoom-

Directories
: ZEMAX , . Settings (): ZEMAX Path ZEMAX, ( ) ZEMAX . , ( ) . , ( ) . , ( ) ZPL. , undo/redo. , . "StockPath".

Output Path Lens Path ZPL Path Undo Path Stock Path

Graphics
: , ZEMAX. Windows Date/Time option (/).

5: "FILE"

5-3


Settings (): B/W Screen ZEMAX ; , - . ZEMAX ; , - . , , . ( ), ZEMAX . . . . (Clipboard) , Windows. 16- Windows 3.1 "16 Bit Standard". Windows 3.1 "16 Bit Placeable". 32- "32 Bit Enhanced". , 32- , EMF (Enhanced Metafile Format). ( ) , Windows Metafiles ( Clipboard ). ZEMAX 34, 8,5 11 . 11 17 35. 43 53 . , Window, Aspect Ratio. , , Clipboard, ; .

B/W Plots

Show Options First

Win X,Y Size

Background Metafiles

Metafile Pen Width

Aspect Ratio

Frame Zoomed Graphics

5-4

5: "FILE"


Text
: . Date/Time (/) . Settings (): Screen Font Size ( ), . 8- . , .

Date/Time

Editors
: . , , , , "*". Settings (): Decimals LDE . "Compact", , , . , . , 8- .

Font Size

5: "FILE"

5-5


Auto Update

, ZEMAX . "None", , , solves LDE , "Update" "System". "Update" , - , . "Update All" , . "System menu" "Update" "Update All".

Show Comments

Undo

"", LDE , . : None, Memory 1 Step Disk Multi Step. "Editors Menu". LDE. , . MFE (Merit Function Editor). MCE (Multi-Configuration Editor). EDE (Extra Data Editor).

LDE Cell Size

MFE Cell Size MCE Cell Size EDE Cell Size TDE Cell Size

TDE (Tolerance Data Editor). Use Session Files , ; , .

Printing
: .

5-6

5: "FILE"


Settings (): Skip Print Dialog , ZEMAX "Print" ( ) "Print", . , "Print" "Print", , Windows Print Manager. , 90 . "" . . . 0 , . . . .

Rotate Plots

Pen Width Plot Width Left Margin %

Right Margin % - . . Top Margin % - . . Bottom Margin % - . . Print Font Size - , . Text Margin - ( ), . : "Plot Width" ZEMAX, , , . . . ZEMAX 1:1, 1:2 .. "Plot Width" "Print". , . , , , . , . , ZEMAX "" , 90 , "" . , "" . , , . ZEMAX "plot width". , "Reset". 5: "FILE" 5-7


, . , , . , . , . , , . , , - , . "Plot width" "Save". . , , .

Colors
, ZEMAX . . 1 1, 2 - 2, . 1 1, 2 - 2, . , , - . « » 0 255. , RGB 24- (16 ), . RGB. - , ZEMAX , NSC, LDE NSCE ­ , .

Buttons 1-16, Buttons 17-32, Buttons 33-48 1-16, 17-32, 33-48 :
, ZEMAX.

:
48 , , ZEMAX. . . "ff" . , 16 .

5: "FILE" 8

5-


Button Bar - "" .
: "" , ZEMAX . : ZEMAX 20 , ZEMAX. . "Off" .

Status Bar - .
: , , ZEMAX. : ZEMAX , , EFL ( ), EPD ( ), F/# ( ) .

Exit ().
: ZEMAX. : - , ZEMAX . , . Recently used files ( ) , , "File". , . , File, Open.

5: "FILE"

5-9




6
Le ns Data ( )



(LDE - , ) . , . ( ), . LDE , , . , , ( ) . . « » , , , " ", . " " . "page up" "page down" . " " , , .


, ( ) : , "s top" . . , , Ins er t ( ) Delete ( ). . , "" " " , , . ZEMA X , , , - . . , , . , / home, end, . , , enter . " ". , " " . , - 10, , "+5" enter , 15. "*" "/" . , , . , " - 5 ", 17 12. "- " "5". , , , , , . "*- 1" .

( )
. " " .


, 32


. , . . ( . "" ).


, , . , .

( )
( ), . , . - . , - . . , . . 180 .


, , "glass " . . - "Sc hott "; . , , , , . 21 " ". , "mirror " ( ) . "/P", . ZEMA X , . , - BK7, "SF1/P", BK7 SF1, , . ZEMA X , , - . .


, , , . - , , "U". , . , ( lay out) , , . , . " ".



. , . . , ( ) , . " " 14 " ".


- 8 , . , . 14 " ".


( ) . .

,
ZEMA X , ; " ". - . . ZEMA X . 14 " ". , . DLL - " ", , ZEMA X, "Dy namic Link Libr ar y " ( ) DLL. , DLL . . 14 " ", " ". , ( Shaded Model Lay out ) , - . ( Color s tab) "Pr efer enc es ". ( M ak e surf a ce stop) , . , "Ty pe", , "Make s ur fac e s top" ( ) . , LDE "s ur fac e" "STO" . , , - "STO"- . ,


, . , "STO"- , , , , . , . , , , . . "r ay aiming". "r ay aiming" " ".

Ma ke surfa ce globa l coordinat e re fere nce . "global c oordinate r ef er enc e s ur fac e", "Type". " ", "Miscelaneous tab of the Sy stem".
( ) "hiding" ( , ) , . "Hide ray s to/f romthis s ur fac e", , , ( ) .

,
, . ZEMA X : , , , , , , , , , , , . , . , ZEMA X "*" LDE . , , , . . , . . LDE " " ( ), . , , "" . " " LDE , . , . , "" " " , . .


Ci r cul a r Aper ture/O bscur a ti on ( / ): , , . - , . - ( . . ). Rect a ngula r Aper t ur e/obscur at i on ( / ): , , " " "y " - . - . / : , , " " "y" , . - . Spi der ( ): " " . ZEMA X , " " - , . " ", X. , , , , "s pider " . , ( ) . : , , , , . ZEMA X ( ) , , , ( ). , ZEMA X, , , . ** , . "x" "y " , , , z . , , , , . , . , , . , X- Y- , . . , ; , . , , . User de fine d a pe rt ure s a nd obscura t ions ( , ) , , . , , . ZEMA X , , : ( x 1, y 1) , ( x 2, y 2) ... ( x n, y n) . . . ( ). , , , "Edit Us er A per tur e" (" ") . ,


, ( ). X Y - . X Y, . , , (0,0). (0,0), , , , ( 1e- 6, 0). , , - , , . , . , 20 , : -10,-10 -10, 10 0, 10 10,-10 0, 0 , , , . . (0,0). , , , 5 , 10 , : 10,-10 10, 10 5, 10 5,-10

. , , , . " ", , .
0, 0 10,-10 10, 10 5, 10 5,-10 0, 0 - 100.

, : /.

Surf a ce proper t i es, Scat t er i ng t a b ( , ) EE ZEM AX . , , ( ) . , MTF . ZEMA X , . ZEMA X : . , . " " . , ( , ), «»

F


. , , , , . - , , ( , ). . " " , , , - . : ZEMA X . . " ", " ". : ABg , , ABg ; , . , , . , , "Lamber tian". , , " ", , , . ZEMA X . . , , , , "Sc atter Rays " (" ") . ( ) . . - , LDE . 16 " " Solv es ". , , , Ctrl -Z. Ctrl-Z , .

"solves"




LDE- , .


"edit" ( ) : Sur fac e Ty pe ( ): . Ins ert Surfac e ( ): () . "Ins er t" " " .


Ins er t A f ter ( ): () . Ctrl-Ins er t -" " . Delete Sur fac e ( ): . "Delete" - " " . Cut Sur fac es : Window s , . , : : , . , . . , , , . : , . s hif t , s hif t, , . . , , , , . Copy Sur fac es ( ): Window s . , . "Cut Sur fac es " . Pas te Sur fac es : , LDE . Window s "Cut Sur fac es " "Copy Sur fac es ", . Copy Cell ( ): Window s. Pas te Cell: Window s . Window s "Copy Cell", . Edit Cell ( ): . Copy Spr eads heet ( ): ( ) Window s , Window s- , . - . , ZEMA X , , .

"So lves"
LDE : Radius ( ): . Thickness ( ): . Glass ( ): . Semi- Diameter ( ): . Conic ( ): . Parameter ( ): . V ar iableToggle: ( / ) . Ctrl- Z " " . Show Comments ( ): , LDE- . , . ( / )

Op tio ns ()


. , , . "File Menu" ( " "") , "Pr efer enc es " ("").

Help ()
Us ing the LDE ( LDE) : LDE.

M er it Function ( )
, , . " ".


Ins er t Oper and ( ): MFE Insert . . Ins er t A f ter ( ): . Ctrl-Ins er t . Delete Oper and ( ): , . Delete . Delete A ll ( ): , MFE . Cut Oper ands: Window s , . , : : , . , , . . , , , , . : . , shif t , . . , , , . Copy Oper ands ( ): Window s . , . "Cut Oper ands" . Pas te Oper ands : Window s , . Window s , " Cut Oper ands " " Copy Oper ands ", . Copy Cell ( ): Window s . Pas te Cell ( ): . , " Copy Cell ", . Edit Cell ( ): . Copy Spr eads heet ( ): ( ) , Window s - , . - .

To ols ()


Update ( ): . , . Def ault Mer it Function ( ): , . . " Optimiz ation ". Save ( ): *. MF - . , . ZEMA X , . Load ( ): , *.M F *.ZMX . ; . .

Help ()

: .

M ulti-Con fig ur atio n ( )
LDE . , . , , "solve ty pe" ( ) .


Oper and Ty pe ( ): . , . " Multi- Conf igur ations ". Ins er t Oper and ( ): . " ", , . Ins er t " " . Ins ert A f ter ( ): . " ", , . Ctrl-Ins er t - "" . Delete Oper and ( ): . delete - " " . Ins er t Conf igur ation ( ): , . Delete Conf igur ation ( ): , . Edit Cell ( ): .

"So lves"
Solve Ty pe ( ): , . V ar iableToggle: ( / ) .

To ols ()
A uto Thermal ( ): , . , , . 1 .


, . 3 , 1 ( 1) , 3 , , . . 4 . , , . , , , TCE . , . , , , . , , TCE , . , .

Help ()
: .

To le r an ce Data ( )
, , , . . 19 " " ( "Toler ancing") .


" Inser t Oper and" , " Ins er t A f ter ", " Delete Operand" , " Cut Oper ands" , " Copy Oper ands " , " Copy Cell" , "Pas te Cell" , " E t Cell" " Copy Spr eads heet" . " di ", " " . - . Def ault Toler anc es ( ): . . 19 " ". Loosen 2X ( ): () . - , . Tighten 2X ( ): . - , . Sor t by Sur fac e ( ): , . COM CP R P A . SA VE , , , . STAT , , , . STAT , , STAT . , STAT ( c ), , STAT . , STAT , , STAT , . Sor t by Ty pe ( ): , . . Sor t by Sur f ac e. Save ( ): *.TOL .

To ols ()


. ZEMA X c , . Load ( ): , *. TOL *. ZMX . ; . .

Help ()
: .

Extr a d ata ( )

EE ZEM AX . , ZEMA X- EE. LDE- , , . . 14 " ", , ZEMA X- EE. . Copy Cell ( ): Window s . Pas te Cell ( ): Window s . , , Window s "Copy Cell". Edit Cell ( ): .

F



"So lves"
Solve Ty pe ( ): , . V ar iable Toggle: ( / ) . Impor t ( ): , A SCII , . , ASCII , . DA T. , . ASCII , . ASCII - , DA T.

To ols ()

Help ()

EDE: (EDE).

Non -Se qu e n tial Comp on e n ts ( )


EE ZEM AX NSC , "Non-Sequential Components" ( " ") , - ZEMA X. LDE . . " ". NSC LDE .

F


( ) . .

Ob ject p rop ert ies ( )
Obje ct t y pe ( ) " ". Da ta file ( ) , ; . Obje ct color ( ) , , ZEMA X , - - . , Pr eferences, File. User de fine d a pert ure ( ) , , . A pert ure file ( ) , , . . " " . Coat /scat t e r groups ( / ) , , , .

Menu op tions ( )
NSC , .

Objec t Ty pe ( ): , . Next Gr oup ( ): LDE , ( Non- Sequential Component) , Next Gr oup . Edit Objec t ( ): A SCII, , (POB), . , , .

Ed it ( )


; Reload Objec t, ZEMA X. Reload Objec t ( ): , , , . , , POB STL , . Reload A ll Objec ts ( ): , , . " Reload Objec t " . Inser t Object ( ): . - "Null Objec t" ( " ") . Ins ert - "" . Ins er t A f ter ( ): . - "Null Objec t" ( " ") . Ctrl-Ins er t - " " . Delete Objec t ( ): . Delete - " " . Cut Objects ( ): , . . · , . " " . Copy Objects ( ): . , . "Cut Objects" . Paste Objects ( ): , NSC . , "Cut Objec t" "Copy Objec t ", . Copy Cell ( ): Window s . Pas te Cell ( ): . , " Copy Cell ", . Edit Cell ( ): .

So lves ( )
X, Y Z , X, Y Z : X : f ix ed ( ), v ar iable ( ) s olves . Y : f ix ed ( ), v ar iable ( ) pic kup s olves ( ). Z : f ix ed ( ), v ar iable ( ) pic kup s olves ( ) Z . Tilt about X ( X) : X fixed ( ) , v ar iable ( ) pic kup s olves ( ). Tilt about Y ( Y ): Y fixed ( ) , v ar iable ( ) pic kup s olves ( ). Tilt about Z ( Z) : Z fixed ( ) , v ar iable ( ) pic kup s olves ( ). Parameter ( ): , , . V ar iable Toggle: ( / ) . Ctrl-Z -


" " .

Errors ( )
Show Er r or Mess ages ( ): , 961 962, , . , , . , , , , , . , . Ray Tr ace /Detec tor Contr ol ( / : , NSC- .. " " ( "Non- Sequential Components " ) . Detec tor V iew er : . , .

Detect o rs ()

Help ( )
NSC : NSC .

Undo, Redo, and Recover ( , , )
Undo : None ( ), Memory 1 Step ( 1 ), Disk Multi Step ( , ). Undo Pr efer enc es, "Editors ". "File" . "None ", . , , Undo ( ). ZEMA X . Undo, - . Redo, , , . Memor y 1 Step Undo , , , . , . - . ZEMA X ZMX . , Undo , . Undo , , , . , , , Undo . Undo , , . Redo

Undo : No ne

Undo : Memo ry 1 S t ep

Undo : Disk Mult i S t ep


Undo. ZEMA X Undo , , , ZEMA X, \UNDO. Undo , , , ZEMA X. ZEMA X , " ", , , ZEMA X , Undo . ZEMA X, , Undo . ZEMA X, Undo . ZEMA X Undo . , , . Undo , . , . , ZEMA X , undo . , , ZEMA X , . , 2 ZEMA X, , ZE AX M . ZEMA X , .


7 Update All

SYSTEM MENU

"SYSTEM"

. ZEMAX . , , ZEMAX , . , , Update All . - . ,

Update
Lens Data Editor Extra Data Editor. : , , "solve". "Update All".

General
"General System Data", , . "Advanced". Lens Title . Lens Title. ; "Configuring the environment" .

ApertureType , . . . :

7: "SYSTEM"

7 -1


Entrance Pupil Diameter: . Image Space F/#: (F/#) . Object Space Numerical Aperture: ( sin) . Float by Stop Size: , . Paraxial Working F/#: (F/#) . Object Cone Angle: ( ) ; 90 . 3 "Conventions and Definitions". "Object Space N.A." "Object cone angle", ("thickness") . . Aperture Value . , "Entrance Pupil Diameter" . ZEMAX , , , . "Float by Stop Size": , , Lens Data Editor. Lens Units : , , . , , . . Glass Catalogs ( ), . , "Schott"; , . , . ,

7 -2

Chapter 7: SYSTEM MENU


, ( ), . . "Using Glass Catalogs". Notes , . Advanced "Advanced System Data", , , . "General". Ray Aiming "" "" (Ray Aiming) : None, Paraxial Reference Real Reference. "None", ZEMAX , , ; , ZEMAX . ; , F/# , . : . ZEMAX , "ray aiming". "ray aiming", , "" , . , , . "" - . , = 1.0. "" . , . "Real Reference", , . . "Paraxial Reference", . "Real Reference" ""

7: "SYSTEM"

7 -3


, , . "ray aiming" , . . , , Object Space NA, ZEMAX NA . "Paraxial Reference", . , . - , () - . "Real Reference". "ray aiming" , "paraxial pupil aiming", (. "Tolerance" ). , "ray aiming" , . , (. "Analysis Menu") - "ray aiming". . , ray aiming . . "ray aiming" "Tolerance", . Use Ray Aiming Cache Ray Aiming , ZEMAX () , Ray Aiming, . Ray Aiming. , . . Robust Ray Aiming (slow) " Ray Aiming" ( ) , ZEMAX , , "Ray Aiming". , ray aiming -. "Robust Ray Aiming" . , , . , , "ray aiming".

7 -4

Chapter 7: SYSTEM MENU


Pupil Shift: X, Y, and Z X. Y Z , ray aiming , , . , , , . , ray aiming . , . , , , . . "Pupil shift" ( ) : , z. ( ) ray aiming. Z , , - ( ) , . , . Z , . Y , . "Scale pupil shift factors by fields", X Y ; . . , . , , ray aiming . ray aiming. , . Apodization Type . , , . ZEMAX , . : uniform (), gaussian () tangential (). uniform , , .

7: "SYSTEM"

7 -5


"Gaussian" . . . :

G - - . , . 1.0 , ( 2 13% ). , 0.0. 4.0 . , , . "Tangential" () ( , ) . , , Z, :

- , . , :

tan - , , Z. ZEMAX tan ; . ZEMAX , "Surface , . "User defined surface", Types".

Apodization Factor . "Apodization Type".

7 -6

Chapter 7: SYSTEM MENU


Reference OPD OPD (Optical Path Difference, OPD) - , , . OPD , . , , . , , , . , , , , . , , , . , , , . , . , , , - . , , , . , ZEMAX OPD. , OPD , , - " ", . , "" , , , , . , , , , OPD, ("correction term"). . , ZEMAX OPD . ("Infinity") , ( ), . : , ZEMAX . - , ( ). ZEMAX

7: "SYSTEM"

7 -7


, , , , Focus Software ( - ZDC). , . "Absolute" , ZEMAX OPD, . OPD. , "exit pupil", ZDC. , . Paraxial Rays , , . , ZEMAX , coordinate break. , ZEMAX , , . , "Ignore Coordinate Breaks", . , ZEMAX , ray aiming OPD. , "Consider Coordinate Breaks". , ; , . Fast Asphere Trace

. ( ), ZEMAX , . , " " . , , "Fast Asphere Trace"; ZEMAX , . , , ZEMAX , .

7 -8

Chapter 7: SYSTEM MENU


Check GRIN Apertures GRIN - ZEMAX (GRIN-). : , , , , . , , , . Use , / , 20 1 . , - , , . ; . . "Thermal Analysis". ZEMAX-EE. Temperature . "Thermal Analysis". ZEMAX-EE. Pressure . 0.0 , 1.0 . "Thermal Analysis". ZEMAX-EE. Semi Diameter Margin in % , . , , . , « », . . , 90% 98% - . "Semi Diameter Margin in %" . , 0, ; , 5%, 5%.

7: "SYSTEM"

7 -9


. 50%. Fast Semi-Diameters ZEMAX , . ( ) . , . , , ZEMAX , . . , , ZEMAX . . "Fast Semi-Diameters" "off", ZEMAX , 0.01% (5 ). , . Global Coordinate Reference Surface . :

"g" , "0" - "|" - . R , . . , , (1, 0, 0). , R, . : 7-10 Chapter 7: SYSTEM MENU


, , , R. "Prescription Data" "Global vertex coordinates" ( ), R - . "coordinate break", R- . "coordinate break" , . R "coordinate break" , R , . , , "coordinate break", «» . , 1, ( , ). zoom - .

Fields ________________________________________
"Fields" ( ""). , ( ) . / , . "Conventions and Definitions", . Vignetting factors ZEMAX . VDX, VDY, VCX VCY. , . "Conventions and Definitions" "Vignetting Factors". "Set Vig". , . 7: "SYSTEM" 7 -11


"" , , , , , ; . "CIr Vig" . "" . , , : . , , . , ( ) , ( ) . 0.001%. . . . Saving and loading field data "Save" "Load" ( "Field dialog box") . ASCII, ZEMAX.

Wavelengths
, . , . . "Select". 3 " " ("Conventions and Definitions"). Saving and loading wavelength data "Save" "Load" ( "Wavelength dialog box") . ASCII, ZEMAX.

7-12

Chapter 7: SYSTEM MENU


Polarization State
, , , . ( "Use Polarization") . , . , . . : , Y, X-Phase Y-Phase, . ZEMAX , . "Unpolarized". , , , X-Phase Y-Phase "unpolarized" . "unpolarized" - . , "unpolarized" , "polarized" , , , ZEMAX-EE. Next Configuration __________________________ ( zoom-). , . Last Configuration ( zoom-). , .

7: "SYSTEM"

7-13


9 "TOOLS"
Optimization



: . : "Optimization", , .

Global Search
XE EE- ZEMAX. : , . : "Global Optimization".

"" Hammer Optimization
XE EE- ZEMAX. : () . . . : "Global Optimization".

Merit Function Listing
: , . 9: "TOOLS" 9 -1


Settings: : .

Remove All Variables
: . : ("fixed").

Tolerancing
: . : "Tolerancing".

Tolerance Listing
: , . Settings: : .

Tolerance Summary
: , . , "Tolerance Listing", ZEMAX, , ZEMAX. Settings: : .

Test Plate Fitting
XE EE- ZEMAX. : .

9 -2

Chapter 9; TOOLS MENU


Settings: : File Name Method of Fit

. , .

: . . ; . . ( "ZEMAX Support Files"). :

Try All Methods: : Best To Worst: :

, .

, ( ).

Worst To Best: : Long To Short: : Short To Long: :

, .

.

.

9: "TOOLS"

9 -3


"", . ZEMAX ( ) . ( , , ) , ( LDE - ). , , 3/4 . , , , . . , ( , ). , . , . , , , , LDE - . . , , . . , . , , , , , . , ( ), , . , . , . "Try All Methods" , 4 , . , - , , , . , . , . "NO MATCH FOUND" . , . ZEMAX , ; . ZEMAX ; Focus Software.

9 -4

Chapter 9: TOOLS MENU


ZEMAX. .TPD \TESTPLAT. ASCII :
! ! ! ( __ __ __ _ !

15 )

- ; ; ; - , : -1, ; 0, - ; 1, . . ! ( ) , "Enter" ( ). , . , , - 30000. , : , , . , ZEMAX "!" .

Test Plate Lists
XE EE - ZEMAX. : , . Settings: : File Name . /TESTPLAT. : . "" "" (Conave) (ConveX) .



9: "TOOLS"

9 -5


Glass Catalogs
: . : « » ("Using Glass Catalogs").

Lens Catalogs
: . Settings: : Vendor . -. , "Environment". , , . , . . , , . . . , , , , . , Equi- Bi-, / (equiconvex/ equiconcave), / (biconvex/biconcave) . , , , , . "Spherical" , "" ,

Use Focal Length

Focal Length M in/Max Use Diameter

Diameter Min/Max Equi-, Bi, Plano-, Meniscus

Spherical, GRIN, Aspheric, Toroidal

9-6

Chapter 9: TOOLS MENU


("GRIN"), ("Aspheric") ("Toroidal"). Max elements () , . "Any #" . , ( ). . Lens Data Editor; . . , , . . ) ( , . .

Search Results

Search Load

Insert

Prescription Layout

Exit

: "Search Results" ( ) , , . 3- (, S, 1). - : - , /, - /, - , "?" - . "?" () . : S - , G - , , -. . ZEMAX STOCKCAT. .ZMF. .ZMX, . , - "Melles Griot" C:\ZEMAX\STOCKCAT\MGRIOT.ZMF. (), , "Lens Data Editor" , Tools Lens Catalogs. . ZEMAX / 5% .

9: "TOOLS"

9-7


"Lens Search" . , . "Support Files".

Edit Coating File
XE EE - ZEMAX. : Windows NOTEPAD, COATING.DAT. .

: "Polarization Analysis". COATING.DAT "Reload Coating File"!; ZEMAX ( ).

Reload Coating File
EE - ZEMAX. : COATING.DAT. . : .

Add Coating to All Surfaces EE - ZEMAX
: "" - , -. : , . "AR", MgF2. . -; , , .

9-8

Chapter 9: TOOLS MENU


Coating Listing
: , COATING.DAT.

Convert Semi-Diameters to Circular Apertures
: , , ; () . : - . , (. "System Menu") . , . . ( ), , .

Convert Semi-Diameters to Floating Apertures
: , , "" ; () . : "Convert Semi-Diameters to Circular Apertures", , . , "automatic". , ( "fixed"), , .

9: "TOOLS"

9-9


Remove All Apertures
: . : "None".

Reverse Elements
: . Settings: : First Surface Last Surface

, . , .

: , , "coordinate break" .

Scale Lens
: . - , , ; . , , . Settings: : Scale by factor Scale by units , . , .

9-10

Chapter 9: TOOLS MENU


Make Focal
: "Scale Lens", , . .



Quick Focus

: . Settings: : Spot Size Radial Spot Size X Only Spot Size Y Only Wavefront Error Use Centroid

RMS* . RMS ( ). RMS Y ( ). . , . , ; .

* : , . , RMS . RMS , . " " . RMS , , , .

Add Fold Mirror
: , "coordinate break". 9-11 "TOOLS" 9:


Settings: : Fold surface

, . , . . ( ), .

Reflect angle Tilt type

: , . , "coordinate break" . "coordinate break" "pickup" "coordinate break". , . , , , , . , , . , , 100 , , 50 . . , - , .

"" ( ) Ghost Focus Generator
: "" ( ). Settings: : Bounces First Surface Last Surface Save Files Image Plane Only

: . . . , "", . , .

9-12

Chapter 9: TOOLS MENU


:
, "coordinate breaks" , .

, . , . , , , . - , , - , "" . , . "" . .
: , F/# RMS - . , . (double-bounce) "" . GHfffsss.ZMX, . fff , sss - . , () GH007002.ZMX , - 7 2. fff- . , "coordinate break", . , , . ""; . GHfffsss.ZMX. , . ( "") : 1) ; 2) ; 3) , ;

9: "TOOLS"

9-13


4) ("Stop") ; 5) , ( ) ( ) , . , , . "" , .

Performance Test
: . : ( - ), , . . . , .

IGES- Export IGES File
: ( ) IGES. Settings: : First/Last Surface Wavelength Field Number of Rays Ray Pattern

, . , . , . ; "Ray Pattern". . , D-; "Analysis Menu".

9-14

Chapter 9: TOOLS MENU


Lens/Ray Layer IGES File

. ( ), . , , . EXPORT.IGS. , .

# Spline Segments

: IGES- (Initial Graphics Exchange Specification, (American National Standard), CAD. IGES. Product Data Association, P. 0. Box 3310, Gaithersburg,

IGES) - ZEMAX 5.2 IGES U.S. MD 20885-3310.

ZEMAX , . ZEMAX "" , . IGES- , , . , ZEMAX . ZEMAX 3D , , "System Menu". IGES , SURFACE APERTURE None, Circular Aperture or Obscuration SURFACE SHAPE Plano () ENTITIES USED X, Y, XY , . XZ , YZ , XY , . XZ , YZ , XY , . , X, , Y, . , X, , Y, XY .

Spherical () Other ()

Rectangular Aperture or Obscuration

Piano ()

Other ()

9: "TOOLS"

9-15


SURFACE SURFACE SHAPE APERTURE Elliptical Aperture or Plano () Obscuration Other ()

ENTITIES USED X, Y, , XY . X, Y, , . .

User Defined Aperture or Obscuration

Any ()

- IGES 110. - IGES 100. - IGES 112. . (GRIN) . , . "" , , , , . , : . , , , , , "pick up".

Slider :
Slider - . . : , : : Surface (), System () Configuration (). , . : , , , , , , . , , , , . - . , , . , .

9: "TOOLS"

9-16


Window ()

"All" , , .

Start/Stop Value

, slider-. . "Stop" , , "animate" "Stop". , slider-. ( ) slider-.

Animate

Save

Exit

slider- , , , . slider- , , . (, , surface/system (/) , , "Save" . «Save» . , , slider- . - Windows. , "all" , .

9: "TOOLS"

9-17


10




ZEMA X. Pr int . Settings ( ) . . : OK, Canc el, Sav e, Load, Res et. . Cancel () . Save - , , . Load . Res et . . .


:
.

:
,

:
, . : , , . - " " , ZEMA X , . , " , , RMS . ZEMA X , . - . , RMS , . , , , - , . - , . , , . , . 21 " ".



:


:
.

:
, , , , F / *, . .


:
. .

:
Gener al Data ( ) Sur f ac e Data ( ) F / *, , , .. , , , , ,

Sur f ac e Detail . ( ) _________________________________________________________________________________ Edge Thic knes s ( ) Multi- Conf ig Data ( ) Solv es /V ar iables ( Solves/ ) Index Data X Y . «Solv es »/ \

( )
Global V er tex Element V olume ver tex , , .


F/ Number s

F / * . .

Car dinal Points

( ) :
, . , , , , , . ZEMA X , , , . , . , ZEMA X , - 3.6 /c 3, , .

Report Graphics 4/6 ( )
:
, 4 6 . , , , , . , . "Settings " , , , . , . ; - . , . "Sav e A s " , . , , . ZEMA X , . , , "Load Fr om", . , . "Load Fr om" , "Sav e A s ", . , . , ( ), - , .

:


11



/ ZPL Ma

F

XE EE- ZEMA X.

: , ZEMA X. , , . : ZP L . " ZEMA X ". . , .


: . : , , .


: ZP L " " . , . : , ZP L . ZP L , " sc ape ".


12
Exte nsions ( )



F

EE - ZEM AX .

: :

ZEMA X ZEMA X . " ZEMA X". , ZEMA X, .
, ZE MAX

A r r ay Demo

, . - . . DDE. ISO 10110. , "Binar y 2". . , . .

DDE_DEMO

ISO_Dr aw ing

PhasePlot

SagCalc ulation Tr ans mis sionPlot

Refr e sh Exte nsions List ( )
.


:
, , - . \Ex tend ZEMA X.


:
ZEMA X , \ZEMA X\Ex tend. , .

:
ZEMA X . " ZEMA X".


13




, . , . , .

:

:


16




"SOLVES"

Solves - , . Solves , (), , , . Solves LDE, . . . . (. ). "" ""; , , , , . "solves" "FIXED" . , "solves", . Ctrl-Z, , , "solves", - . "SOLVES" Solve
Curvature: Fixed











(: 0 )_________________________________________________________________
Curvature: Variable

(: )
Curvature: Marginal ray angle

V

1

M 2 (: ) Curvature: Chief ray angle C 3 (: )__________________________________________________________________ Curvature: Pick up

(: )
Curvature: Marginal ray normal (:





P

4

N

5

-) ______________________________________________________________________
Curvature: Chief ray normal (: N 6 -) _________________________________________________________________________________ Curvature: Aplanatic


(: )

A

7

______________________________________________________________________
Curvature: Element power (: ) X 8

Curvature: Concentric with surface (: ) Curvature: oncentric with radius (: )

,

S

9

,

R

10

Curvature: F/# (: F/# F 11 F/#)______________________________________________________________________________

Thickness: Fixed
(: ) Thickness: Variable (: ) Thickness: Marginal ray height (: ) Thickness: Chief ray height (: ) Thickness: Edge thickness (: ) Thickness: Pick up (: ) Thickness: Optical path Difference (: D) V

0
1





M

2



C

3



( 0 ) Offset

E

4



P

5

D



O

6


Solve
Thickness: Position (: ) Thickness: Compensator (: ) Thickness: Center of curvature (: ) Glass: Fixed (: ) Glass: Model (: ) Glass: Pick up (: ) Glass: Substitute (: ) : offset Semi-Diameter: Automatic (: ) Semi-Diameter: Fixed (: ) Semi-Diameter: Pick up (: ) Semi-Diameter: Maximum (: ) Conic: Fixed (: ) Conic: Variable (: ) Conic: Pick up (: ) Parameter: Fixed (: ) Parameter: Variable (:

"SOLVES"
-, -




T S


7 8

X

9

0 Nd
P 2



Dpgf

1

Nd offset

S

3

O

4 0

U

1

P

2

M

3

0

V

1





P

2

0

V

1


) Parameter: Pick up (:





Offset

P

2

) _______________________________________________________________________________

:
, (solve) « » . , , 20 , 100 . , 0.1 ( - 20, 2 100, ""- , ). . " : ".

:
(solve) " " , " ", . , . "C" , (solve) " ".

:
- 'pick up'. , ZEMAX , . . , , , , "" . "" , : , , , . "Pickup" , , , . , , . "P , pickup.

:
. , . . "N" , .

:
. , . , . "N , .


:
. , . "A , .

:
:

c2 , . . , , 2 , n3 n2 .

:
, . , . "S" , .

:
, . , . "R" , .

: (F/#)
, , , 1/2F, F - F / *. "F" , .

:
, () - , , . "thickness" () , , "Marginal Ray Height" . , ( ) ( ), () , , - . - , , ,


, , , () . , , ( ). , , () . "" - (-, ). , "Pupil Zone" ( ), . - , , . , , , . -1 1. - "Py", "y" . , "" , , 0.7 , , . "M" () , .

:
, , . , . "C" , .

:
, . , . "E" , . , . . 3 " ".

:
"Pickup" . , , :

T - , , S - , O - offset (). . " : ".

():
, . OPD ( ) , OPD. , , , , OPD . OPD , , - 1.0 "escape". "O" , OPD. OPD , OPD - . , . OPD , , .


:
, . , , , , , . , , , . , , , , , . , "zoom" ( ) . , . , , . "T" , . "zoom" , . "Advanced topics".

:
. , , , , . , : T = S - R, S - , R - , . , .

:
, . "X" , .

:
- . , , , : d, d , . , . 21 " ".

:
, . " : ".

:
- - . "Substitute",


. . ( ), , . (, Hoya), . , "Exclude Substitution" (" ") , , ; . 21 " ". . " ".

: Offset()
/ , . - . , 0.3 - , 2.5 , 1.0, , Nd Vd (offset) Nd Vd. . "" . , :

n () - -. , . , , :

, , .

:
"solves" , . ": ".

:
, , . , , , , , , "" . , , .

:
"solves" , . ": ".


:
"solves" 8 . :

P - , , S - , O . . " : ".


, , "solves". , : , , , , , , . , ZEMAX , , "marginal ray height", stop - . . , stop-. , marginal ray solve, , - , F / *, . , , , . , , , , .


18




F

XE EE ZEM AX .

(DLS). DLS ; , " " . , « » , - ( - , , DLS « » , ). , , . . , ; , - , , . , , , , ; . , , - . - , , . , , , ( ), , , - . , , , , , , , . ? , ! , , , , ? , , ( - ). , 100 ( ), 1E+12 . 20 ( ), 1,000,000 , - 8E+07 , , 2.5 . ( 16 ), , 100 , 1E+32 , . . , . , , , . s imulated annealing , , , neur al netw or ks . , , .

ZEM AX
ZEMA X , - . , , , , " ", , , . , , . , , , , "" . .


" " ( ). « » , , , . « » ZMX . , , , ( , ) . , , , , - ( " " ). : " " " " , . ! DLS . , , , . , , , . , ( "", ) . , .


, , . " " , , . . ; . " " ( "Optimiz ation") . , . , , , . , . . ZEMA X , , , ! Tools ( ) , Global Sear c h ( ). : Star t () , Stop ( ), Res ume ( , ) Ex it ( ). Star t. ZEMA X GLOPT_01. ZMX - GLOPT_10. ZMX, . ZEMA X , , . , ZEMA X , . , ZEMA X c , . , GLOPT_10. ZMX, . . , , , . , ( ), , , , , , . , , . . , , , . , .


, Stop ( ). , , , . , Ex it ( ). GLOPT_01. ZMX - GLOPT_10. ZMX . Res ume Star t, , GLOPT_01GLOPT_10 . , Res ume , . Res ume , Star t ( ) , , LDE . * Res ume, LDE , ZE AX M , LDE , GLOPT . . , , , . , " ", .

( )
, , , , . ( , ). , . , , , , , . , . , , . ZMX . , . , . , Stop, E it (). x ZEMA X , . . C:\ZEMA X\SA MPLES\MY FILE.ZMX , : C:\ZEMA X\SA MPLES\MY FILE_HA MMER.ZMX. , . !


" " , , , . , . , , , , - . , , , . , , , . , , , . , , ,


. , ; , . , .

Using g lass sub stitutio n ( )
ZEMA X , "". , - ( "solves" ), ( ) . ZEMA X , , . , , ( "s ubs titute") "s olv e" ( LDE - ). - , ( ). ZEMA X . , ZEMA X . , , c : " " - ; - , , , , . , , , . , ; . , ZEMA X , : , ; "", , , - ; " " ; " " , . "s olv e" . - ( ), , . ( , Hoy a) , . , , . , . , . , ZEMA X .A GF- . Glas s Subs titution Template ( ) , , , AR, SR, FR, CR, PR . . "Tools ", " Glas s Subs titution Template" . , "Ex c lude Subs titution" ( " ") , , ; . " ". , ,

Rest rict ing select ed g lasses ( )


. - , , GCOS, GTCE INDX, , , . - , , , , . , , . , , , GTCE ( ) , ( ).


, : 1) , . , , , , , 2. , ZEMA X , . . , , . 2) "mar ginal r ay angle" , , , EFFL . , . . EFFL , . 3) "mar ginal r ay height" ( ) . 0.7 . , . , , , , , . . , solv e , . 4) MNCT MNET . . ZEMA X , . , . 5) , . 2- 3- - . C. 17 "Optimiz ation" ( ). . 6) ; , , , - - , . 7) - , , . , , , , , , . , , . 8) Sleep , s c r een s av er , . 9) . ,


. 10) , "r es ume" ( ) "s tar t". 11) , . , . Window s NT/2000, , ZEMA X, , "Tas k Manager " ( ); , ZEMA X.EXE Pr oc es s ; ; Set P iority -> r LOW. 12) , "s leep", . , ZEMA X , .


, , . , . , ; - . , , , . , , , , .


19




______________________________________________ ___________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________

ZEMA X , . , , , , , . ZEMA X , , . , .., . , . , , TRAD, . . (Toler anc e Data Editor ) , (Editors ) . , , , MTF, . , , , . ZEMA X . : 1. : , . 2. : . . . , . , . , . , ( ), .


: 1) ( ) . , , - .


( Toler anc e Data Editor ) , "Editor s " . 2) , . - , . , , . , "Fas t Toler ance". , . 3) : RMS, MTF, . . , , . 4) : . 5) , , . 6) . 7) , . , 5. .


, , TRAD . , Int1 Int2, , , , . Int1 Int2 . . . TDE . .


Int1 Int2 TRAD *

TCUR

*

-

TFRN TTHI

* *

Comp *


TCON

*

-



TSDX TSDY TSTX TSTY TIRX

* * * *

-


Y



(TIR)

-

Y c , d ( . ) ( V d) ( . )

TIRY

*

-

TIRR TEXI

* *

# of Ter ms

TPAR

*

Par ameter #

TEDV

*

Ex tra Data #

TIND TA BB

* *

-

TEDX X


TEDY





Y

TETX

Y

TETY

TETZ

Z

TUDX Y

TUDY

TUTX





Y Z

TUTY

TUTZ

Toler anc e Data E itor d ( ). .

TRAD:
. . . - . , - 100 , . . TRAD - - 0.50 +0 .50 , 99.50 100.50 .


TCUR:
, . . . - . , - 100 , - 0.01 . . . TCUR --0.001 +0.001 , 111.11 90.909 .

TFRN:
, , . . . ­ ( ). TWAV - , , . :

r - . , , :

N - . 1/2 . . Malac ar a, Optic al Shop Tes ting.

TTHI:
TTHI , , . , , , . , +1.0 , +1.0 . , ZEMA X , , 1.0 , ZE AX M +1.0 . , , , +1.0 "" . TTHI , " ". , , . , , 3 BK7, 4 - F2, 5 - . - 3, 4, 6 , . TTHI , 3, 5.


+0.1 , , 3.1, 4.0, 5.9, . , 6 3. - ; , , , : TTHI 3 3. , , , , , . Int1 , , Int2 - , Int2 Int1. . . - .

TCON:
TCON , . . . - , .

TSDX, TSDY:
TSDX TSDY , X Y . Int1 , . TEDX TEDY , . . . - . TSDX TSDY . . .

TSTX, TSTY:
TSTX TSTY , c X Y, . Int1 , . TETX TETY , . . .- X Y . . TIR TIRX TIRY. TSTX TSTY - . . .

TIRX, TIRY: (TIR) _____________________________________________________________________
TIRX TIRY , c X Y, . Int1 , . TE TX TETY , . TIRX TIRY , (TIR), " " . . . - , . - x y TIRX TIRY


, TIRX - 0.10 , +x 0.05 , -x -0.05 , "" 0.10 . TIRY. . . , . , , :

S - . , Y X, X Y. TIRX TIRY . . .

TIRR:
TIRR , . Int1 , . ( . TEXI ). , . , , , , , . , . ZEMA X, TIRR, , , . " " , 100 %, . . a . - , . TWAV , . ZEMA X . , TIRR "W" :

, - y . , , :

TIRR . , 0 360 . , , Y . . " ".


TEXI: , Zernike
TEXI , ( , "Ev en A s pher ic", "Zer nike") . Int1 , Int2 , . , , , . TEXI TIRR, TEXI , , TIRR. . " " . TEXI, . . , / (PTV) - . / - . ZEMA X , , :

f - , n - , - . 1/ n, . . ; PTV - . - (PTV ), . , "c " . . . , , . . . , , , "c "= 0.001, 20 20c . , , , , , . . "c ". , , ( . STA T) . - 36, . , , . , . , TIRR , 2-4 . TEXI , 36 , 5- 15 .TE T X , x- y- . "Ev en A s pher ic " - , , TEXI . , . "Ev en A s pher ic " , . , . . ,


. TEXI .

TPAR: parameter data
TPAR ( "par ameter data") . Int1 . Int2 1 8, . . " " , . TPAR . . . - , .

TEDV :
TEDV - . ZEMA X- EE , , , . Int1 , Int2 - , . . - . . " ".

TIND:
TIND - . Int1 , . . . " ", , " " , d, , dP F, g - , 0.3 2.5 . , TIND d, .

TABB:
TA BB - V d. Int1 , . . . - "" , d, , dPgF, - , 0.3 2.5 , TA BB d- , . , TAB B . , , dPgF d.

TEDX, TEDY:
TEDX TEDY , X Y . , Int1 Int2 . . a. ­ . , ZEMA X , , , . , TEDX TEDY , , . , . TUDX TUDY .


TEDX TEDY , TSDX TSDY . TEDX TEDY , , TSDX TSDY . , TEDX TEDY , Int1 Int2, . , ZEMA X , , . SAVE, " ". TEDX TEDY " ". , , 5 20; , 5-8, 8-12, 1420, .. , . " ".

TETX, TETY, TETZ:
TETX, TETY, TETZ , , X, Y, Z . , Int1 Int2 . . a . - . , ZEMA X , , . , . , TETX/Y/Z , , , TETX/Y /Z . , ( ) , . , . TUTX, TUTY , TUTZ. TETX TETY , , , " ", TSTX TSTY . TETX TETY , , TSTX TSTY . , TETX TETY, , Int1 Int2 . TETX TETY, , , , . , , . ZEMA X . (Int1) , . - ; . TETX, TETY, TETZ . , , 5 20; , 5- 8, 8- 12, 14- 20, .. , . " ".

TUDX, TUDY, TUTX , TUTY , TUTZ : /
, TUDX , TUDY , TUTX , TUTY TUTZ, . - Toler ance User Decenter/Tilt


X, Y , Z. TEDX, TEDY , TETX, TETY . - , ZEMA X , . TUDX, TUDY , TUTX, TUTY TUTZ, ( Int1) , . , , , "pic kup s olve" . " ic kup solve" . . , , TUxx , . . .- TUDX TUDY - TUTX, TUTY TUTZ, , .


TSDX, TSDY , TSTX, TSTY TIRR , . , . " " ("Surfac e Ty pes "). - , , . . , , , . ZEMA X , TSDX , TSDY , TSTX TSTY , TIRR, . .


, Tolerance Data E itor. d - , , , , , .


Int1 Int2 __________________________________________________________________________________ CEDV Sur fac e # Ex tra Data # .

CMCO

operand #

Conf ig #

.

COMP

Sur fac e #

Code

. : 0 , 1 , 2 .


CPAR

Sur fac e #

Par ameter #

.

SA VE STAT

File Number Ty pe

# of s tandar d dev iations

. . . . . .

TWAV

-

-

. "Min" , .

__________________________________________________________________________________ .

CEDV :
CEDV , , . Int1 , , Int2 , . , 17, 9, CEDV Int1 = 9, Int2 = 17. . « » ( "Sur fac e Ty pes ") , . . . - , COMP. , .

CMCO:
CMCO , . Int1 , , Int2 . , 6 4 - CMCO Int1 = 6, Int2 = 4. . " " . . . , COMP. , .

COMP:
COMP , ,


. Int1 , Int2 . Int2 "", : Int2 = 0, - Int2 = 1, - Int2 = 2, ­ . . . COMP , . , 50, . . -1.0 1.0, 49.0 51.0. , ("user def ined mer it f unction") , . , .

CPAR:
CPAR , . Int1 , , Int2 . , 2 5, , CPAR Int1 = 5, Int2 = 2. . " " , . . . , COMP. , .

SA VE:
, , . , , SA VE . SA VE , . , , TEDX TDE . , , , . , SA VE TEDX . Int1 0 . , , ZEMA X , TEDX TSAV 000n. ZMX, n - , Int1. , . ZEMA X ZMX. , , , . , , , ( ) ( , ). , , , , ZEMAX , .

STAT:
STAT , " ", . "STAT" . Int1 : 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 . Int2 , . "Monte Car lo analy s is" ( ) .


TWAV :
. , ZEMA X TWAV 0.6328 (He- Ne) . TWAV , ZEMA X . , TWAV ; , . , . . , , . "Min" TDE , .


, Tools , Def ault Toler anc es (TDE ). "Editor s " "Toler anc e Data" . " " , :


: , " ". ( TWAV ). , , , . , , . : , . , , ; , . . TTHI . Decenter X/Y : , . . ZEMA X TSDX TSDY TEDX TEDY . Tilt (TIR) X/Y : « », . ZEMA X TSTX, TSTY , TIRX TIRY ( , ), TETX TETY . S + A Irreg: , . , . TIRR, . Zern Irreg: , Zer nike . , . TEXI, . Index : TIND , . Abbe: TA BB , .


Decenter X/Y : , . . Tilt X/Y : , . ,


. . TETX TETY . , : Start A t Row : , . , 1, , . Us e Focus Comp: , . . . " " . : : . Canc el: . Save ( ): . Load: . Reset: . Help: . , , ZEMA X, " " . , . LDE , .


: ( ), , , . . . , , , , . . , , . , . , COMP, CPAR, CEDV , CMCO . " ". , , . , , . « » ( "Us ing Toler anc e Sc r ipts ") .


TDE, . , "Toler anc ing" "Tools " . , , , . Fas t Toler anc e Mode ( ): , ; . , , , 50 .


Mer it: , , . : RMS - ( , x, y ) : , ""; , , . - . ZEMA X c entr oid . RMS w avef r ont: , ; , . , RMS - . ZEMA X c entr oid . Mer it Function ( ): , . . . , . Geometr ic or Dif f rac tion MTF ( , ): , MTF . , . MTF, ZEMA X MTF, . MTF , , MTF , OPD . MTF - , MTF , MTF. , MTF, " MTF Fr equenc y ". Bores ight error : , , . . ZEMA X bor es ight , BSE ( . " ") . R , BSE . Bor es ight R . . , bor es ight ; - . Us er Sc r ipt ( ): , , . , . " " ( "Us ing Toler anc e Sc r ipts ") . Mode ( ): . " " . " " , . . . . . . " . " " ". Sc r ipt: , " ". ASCI , TSC , ZEMAX.EXE . MTF Fr equenc y : MTF , MTF . MTF . Max Cr iter ia ( . ): , , , . , , RMS, RMS - 0.035 . . 0.050, ZEMA X . . , RMS 0.050. . , . MTF , . MTF-, . . "Mode " " Inv erse Sensitivity "


. , "?", "max c r iter ia" . Fields ( ): , , . , 0, 7, 10 . , , . , ZEMA X : Y- Sy mmetr ic : ZEMA X , +1.0, +0.7, 0.0 , -0.7, -1.0 , Y . , X , . - " " , . XY- Sy mmetr ic : Y- Sy mmetr ic , , 9 : 5 Y- Sy mmetr ic - 1.0 ,- 0.7, +0.7, +1.0 X. Us er Def ined ( ): , . , , ( "s c r ipts ") . , . , . YSy mmetr ic , 2.0, 1.0. XYSy mmetr ic , 4.0, - . Sampling ( ): , , . , , . , . , 3 . , . , 3, , - 4. , . , ( ). , . . Per for m Sens itiv ity ( ): , ( ). , , . # Opt Cy cles ( ): , ZEMA X . "A uto", ZEMA X , , . , , 1, 2, 3. , . , ; , . "" - . . , . Show Desc r iptions ( ): , . , . Show Compens ator s ( ): , . , . Monte Car lo ( ): , , . 20 ( ) 20 , . . " ". ,


. Statis tic s ( ): "" , "unif or m" "par abolic" ( ) . . "STAT" . Save MC Runs : , , . , . , , 20. , , MC_T0001. ZMX . MC_T0002. ZMX . 20 , MC_T0020. ZMX. , . , MC_Txxxx.ZMX, ZEMA X , . - , . Conf igur ation # ( ): , , . , . "A ll" ( ), ; . Hide A ll But Wors t: , . . " " "Show wors t " ( ). ; . Show w or st: . " Hide all but w or st " . Lis t Fields Individually : , ZEMA X , . . : , , , . For ce Ray A iming On: "r ay aiming", . , , . , "r ay aiming" , . , "off" (.) , , "on" ( ). Ov er lay MC Gr aphics: , ( MTF ) . , . , , . MTF, MTF v s. Height, Enc ir c led Energy , . , . Ov er lay ed , , . , MC , , . Status ( ): , . : OK: , Canc el ( ): Ter minate ( ): Save ( ):

. . .


. Load ( ): . Reset ( ): . , , .

ZEMAX
ZEMA X , , , , . , , , . - , . . . , ZEMA X . Solves , , . , COMP CPAR. , "scr ipt ". "r ay aiming" , , "Force Ray A iming On ", . "r ay aiming" , . . " ". ZEMA X Mer it, Field, MTF Fr equ enc y, Sampling , . , , . , . . , CPAR COMP. , , ( f as t mode), . , ZEMA X , . ( ) . , . , , "" . , , , , , , , ZEMA X . ZEMA X , , .


ZEMA X : . "Fast Toler anc e", , . , . . , , . , 50X. , - ; . , ZEMA X ,


. , , , - , . , , . , . ( s ensitiv ity) , ( inv er s e s ensitivity), - . , , , , .


, , : . , , . , - TRAD, - 100 , -0.1 , 99.9. - , , . ( TSDX TSDY, , TSTX, TSTY , TIRX TIRY ) , , . . , . . . . - , . , , . ,, . , , , . .

F

, , , .

, . , . "Show wors t" (. ) , , . "Hide all but w ors t " ( , ), , . , , ZEMA X .ZE AX M RSS - ( ) . - . . , . , .



, , . , ( ) , . . . , . , . , - RMS, - 0.035, . - 0.050, ZEMA X . . , 0.050 . : . , . , , . . . . , , , . , - F / *, . , . , ; . , - 0.035, . - 0.050, 0.040, . , , . , , . , , , , . , , . , . , , . RSS .

F


, . , , , , . , . , 100.00 +4.0/- 0.0 100.00 104.00 , , 102.00 1.0 .


" " , STA T. , . , STAT, , . STAT, . STAT , Int1 Int2. Int1 0 - , 1- , 2 - 3- . , Int2 . .


" " - :

, x ( , ) "n" . "n" - , , , Int2 STAT, . , , . 1/n . , "n" - 2, - 100 3 1 , 101 2 , 1.0. "n" - 5, 0.4. "n", , . "n", .


:

- . . . , - .


:


- , . , , , , , .

,
, , A SCII .

T X. , , X , . - : X1 T1 X1 T2 X3 T3 ... . . X - 0.0 1.0 , T - X. , ZE AX M , 0.0 1.0, , X1 0.0 ( T1, ), Xn, 1.0. 200 , X = 0.0 X = 1.0; , . , ( STAT ), . . X. , 100.0 - 0.0 +2.0, 100.0 102.0. , , ZEMA X , ( ) , STAT STAT . "3". , STAT 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.8 : 0.0 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 4.0

F


1.0 5.0 , X ; . , . , , , . "Multiple" .


, , , , , , . , , , . , . , . , " " , , , . , , . , , - . , , , .


, . , , , . TEDX , TEDY , TETX, TETY , ZEMA X , , . , "" . , . ZEMA X "pic kup " "s olves ". , , . , TETX 3- 8, TE X T 5- 12, , 5-12, 5- 8, . , ZEMA X , , . , , , - . , , . , TETX 5- 12 TETX 5- 9 TETX 1012 . , , . : 1) . 2) . - :


TETX 5 12 TETX 5 10 TETX 11 12 - : TETX 5 12 TETX 9 15 TETX 5 15 , 1. , , 1, - ( 2). , , : TETX 5 15 TETX 5 12 , , , , TETX 5- 15 TETX 5- 15 TETX 5-12, TETX 13- 15, TETX 4- 13.



F

EE- ZEM AX .


- , , , . . : - . - . - , . - , ZEMA X . - ZMX . ; . , : - . - : ( . . ). - . - . A SCII, TSC , ZEMA X. ( MF ) .

""
" " . !

:

! ! "!" , . CEDV

:
CEDV

.


CEDV . " " - . ZEMA X , . "." . CLEARCOM P

:

CLEARCOMP CLE RCOMP . A OPTIMIZE ( ).

:
CMCO CMCO . - . "c onfig" . CO M P

CM CO

:

COMP COMP . - . ZEMA X , . "": 0- , 1- , 2- . CP AR

CPAR . CPAR . "s urf " - . ZEMA X , . " ." . LO ADM ERIT

:

:

LOADMERIT filename.mf MF , ZEMA X. . , . ZEMA X , , . , , , . . , , , LOADMERIT OPTIMIZE .

OPTIMIZE : OPTIMIZE n "n" . n - , .


REPORT : REPORT " " REPORT . - , ( ). - , . SA VE : SAVE n SAVE ZMX TSAV nnnn. ZMX, nnnn "n". , "n" - 6, TSAV 0006. ZMX.

" "
, , . , : 2 , . 4 , . , , MTF . . MTF 5 . , 2 , 1 2 3, , 4 - 10, - 15. , , -CENTER.MF, , MA GNIFY.MF, MTF - MTF.MF - EV ALUA TION.MF. : ! clear any existing compensators for a clean start CLEARCOMP ! load the centering merit function LOADMERIT CENTER.MF ! define the two compensators to decenter element 2 CPAR 3 1 CPAR 3 2 ! optimize 4 cycles OPTIMIZE 4 ! clear the decenters, load the magnification merit, and adjust thickness 10 CLEARCOMP LOADMERIT MAGNIFY.MF COMP 10 0 OPTIMIZE 4 ! now load the MTF merit function, and adjust back focus CLEARCOMP LOADMERIT MTF.MF COMP 15 0 OPTIMIZE 4 ! finally, load the evaluation merit function, and report the distortion and 5 MTF values ! these should be the first 6 operands in EVALUATION.MF. CLEARCOMP


LOADMERIT EVALUATION.MF REPORT "Distortion =" REPORT "MTF at field 1 = " REPORT "MTF at field 2 = " REPORT "MTF at field 3 = " REPORT "MTF at field 4 = " REPORT "MTF at field 5 = " , OPTIMIZE, "

1 2 3 4 5 6 , LOADMERIT ", ZEMA X .


. " Conf igur ation #". , , - . , , .

"so lve s"
, "s olves " . , , "s olves " . , "s olves " , , . , "s olves ", " ", , . , TETX TETY . , ( Pic kup s olves ) , , ( , ) . "s olves " , , . , , , pic kup s olve - , . , , , pic kup s olve, . , TUTX TUTY , " " . "s olves ", : " Solves ".


. SA VE . " ", , . , - . , , , , . , , , .


" "
- , TETX TETY. , " " . , , , " " , , . , "r ay aiming" ( . " ") . , , "r ay aiming" . . , , "r ay aiming" , .


. , , , . , , ZEMA X ­ , ZEMA X . , , . , .


20




ZEMAX , , , . , , . , , . ZEMAX . . , , , . , , .


, , ZEMAX. . , . , , . , . "Editors", "Multi-Configuration". , - (MCE). MCE, () () . , MCE, , . . , . : CRVT THIC GLSS CONN PAR1 PAR2 PAR3 PAR4 PAR5 PAR6 PAR7 PAR8 XFIE YFIE FLWT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 - Y-


FVDX FVDY FVCX FVCY WAVE WLWT PRWV APER













VDX VDY VCX VCY

-

, ( F / *). . SATP. . ( ), 1 2 1 2 3

STPS

-

. SDIA CSP1 CSP2 TSP1 TSP2 TSP3 HOLD



. . . ( ). . ( ). X- . ( ). Y- . ( ). 0-, 1-

APMN



APMX



APDX



APDY



TEMP PRES

-


EDVA

/

EDVA , . 2 : . 1 (). 2 : . 2 (). 2 : . 3 () 2 : . dPgF . . , , . - , . 2 3 . 0 , 1 , , .

PSP1



PSP2



PSP3



MIND MABB MDPG CWGT

-

FLTP

-

RAIM

-

0, "Ray aiming" , 1- 2- . ,

COTN




GCRS , .

NPAR

/ /


NPOS / /

NSC .
x, y, z, " x", " y" " z" NSC . - 1 6 x, y, z, x, y z, . . 0 "Entrance Pupil Diameter" ( ), 1- "Image Space F/#" (F / # ), 2- "Object Space NA" ( ), 3- "Float By Stop Size" ( ), 4- "Paraxial Working F/#" ( F/#), 5- "Object Cone Angle". . APER.

SATP

-


, , "Edit".


, , , ( - ). , , 5. , . 2 , "Edit". , . "THIC" . "5" , . , , .


- , . , " - " . - ( - ) ,


. , 1 BK7. 2, . GLSS , "BK7" 1 2 . , - , , ( ). , .


, . . , MCE-, , . «» Ctrl-A Shift-Ctrl-A.


ZEMAX , . , Ctrl-Z, Ctrl-Z . , . . , , "Default Merit Function" Tools . ZEMAX . , , CONF . . , CONF . CONF , . , , , . , CONF1 EFFL REAY, 1. 2, CONF 2 . , , . - , , , .
. , CONF : CONF 1 1 1 CONF 2: 2 2


CONF 3: ... .. , , , , : CONF 1 1... CONF 2 2... CONF 3 3... .... DMFS CONF 1 1... CONF 2 3... CONF 3 3... .... , . . DMFS . , , , , DMFS , , , . , , , , , . , , , .

"solves"
" solves " : , , , .
MCE , , , (, THIC GLSS) . , . , . , , , , . : = * + . , « » MCE, , .


21




ZEMA X , . . , , . , . ZEMA X , . "BK7" (LDE), ZEMA X . , ZEMA X , , , . , , . , , . , . . . - . , , . - , , . , , , , ZEMA X ; . " n".

,
, , . , , Glass Catalog Gener al. - SCHOTT.A GF . . ( ). , . , "s c hott" "hoy a", " s c hott hoy a ". "ohar a", "s c hott", " " , " ohar a s c hott inf r ar ed ". - , , c hec kbox es . , . \GLA SSCA T ZEMA X. , - , . , , , . , .


, Tools, Glass Catalog,. . , , , , . , . ,


, ZEMA X .

Glass Catalo g
. .

"GLASS C AT ALOG"

Catalog ( ) Glass ( ) . Rename ( ) , For mula ( )

, A GF - . , , , . . , . , ,

. Index Nd ( ) 0,587 ( d) . . ZEMA X .

Abbe Vd ( )
. Ex c lude Subs titution ( ) ,

d .
ZEMA X . , ,




RGLA .. TCE ( ), . TCE , , , . . . TCE - - 30 +70 . ­ . 1e- 6, . , 20 , , , "Us e T, P"

Ignor e Ther mal ex pans ion ( .
)

K1, L1... A 0, A 1 ..., A , B, C, .. TCE

Temp . . D0, D1, D2, E0, E1, Ltk ". p . DPgF

- , . . " -

- .


Min Wave, Max Wave , Relativ e Cos t

. -7( -8). , 3,5 , 3.5 , -7 . . . (CR), (FR) , (SR) , ( A R) , ( ), . .

CR, FR, SR, A R, PR (PR) . ,


, ZEMA X. ( , SCHOTT.A GF) . ZEMA X, , , . AGF- , A SCII - .


, ZEMA X . : , Sellmeier 1, Sellmeier 2, Sellmeier 3, Sellmeier 4, , , "Handbook of Optic s " . , . .


. Schott ,


.
Sellmeier 1

, , .
S e llme ie r 2

, .
S e llme ie r 3

Sellmeier 3 - , Sellmeier 1, :

S e llme ie r 4



, , . , ; . , ZEMA X . , . ; .



, . , : - , .

1 Ha ndbook of Optic s

2 Ha ndbook of Optic s



, , , . , , . , , . . , , .

n (F itting inde x data)
" Fitting m e lt da ta" .
, , , . , . , ZEMA X , , 1. " Glas s Catalog" , " Fit Data", "Fit Index Data". , . , ( ) . , . , , , . , , , , ( - ) , 1. . , , . (RMS)


. - . . . 1 , , . , "Name" . "Fit", ZEMA X . . , , "A dd to c atalog". ZE AX M , , .

, ( ). 1.0 . A SCII . A SCII ZEMA X .

n (Fitting melt data)
" Fitting inde x da ta" .
, , ZEMA X, , . . , . , , , , n . 3- 5 . " ", . . . "Melt Data" , "" . , -8. , "Fit Index ". -3, , 4 5 - . , , , , , . "Melt Data" . " Melt Data" : Glass: . Melt Name: " " . - "_MELT". . For mula: , . : , , 1. - , . Us e: . Wav elength: , .


Nominal: , . A c tual : . Delta: . , , " " . Fit/Ins er t : , . Canc el : . , , , , .
"melt fitting"-

" " , (3-5). "" , , 8 . , , " " . ZEMA X : , , . , " " , . , . ( 60) , . , , , , . , ( ) ( ). - . , , , . ! ZEMA X , .


"Tr ans mis s ion" . , . ZEMA X , :

- , - . , , . . " " . 3 - : , " ". , 0.35 0.65 25 . . ZE M AX " " . ,


; , ZE M AX . , , , . , . , , 1.0 .


, ZEMA X TCE, , , , , . , - , , , , , . , ZEMA X TCE, LDE - , , TCE, . Ignor e Ther mal ex pans ion ( ) .


"Sor t Index " Nd , "Sor t A bbe" (V d) , "Sor t Name" ( , ) . "Calc Nd/V d" Nd Vd, . " Repor t" ( ) .


- LDE- , "Tools ", "Glas s Catalogs " ( GLA , ). .

MIL-
MIL - , ( ) , 517640 BK7. MIL - - d . - , 10. . ZEMA X , , MIL - . . , 0.001. . MIL - , , , , . , , MIL - , , , MIL , , .



ZEMA X , d ( 0.5875618 ), . d Nd. - Vd :

NF N 0.4861327 0.6562725 , . Pg, F - . ZEMA X , , Nd V d. 0.0001.
NF, N Editor 'a (LDE).

Pg,

F

, , Lens Data

, - , , , , . , , , .


22




EE- ZEMAX. , , . . -, ; , , . , , . -, - . ZEMAX . ZEMAX , . , , , 20 25 ( ) 1 . , , , , . . ( , ), . , .

F


: . , System, General, Environment. : " Use Temperature Pressure ". , . , , - 20 - 1 ; . STP. " Use Temperature Pressure" , . , . , , , , . , ; - .


ZEMAX , . , . : - STP. - STP.


- ( ) STP. - . - . - . - - , ZEMAX . , , . , . , ZEMAX , , . , , . , , , . , , , . , 1 "glass" ("") , "" ("" MISC.AGF ). . STP, ZEMAX , . . 21" ". , ZEMAX :

:

T - , P - (). - F. Kohlrausch, Praktische Physik, 1968, Vol 1, . 408. :

n ­ (STP),


­ 20° (, 20°) . Schott Glass Technologies, , . - ; , , , STP. ZEMAX . , , . . " " . ZEMAX , MIL , model glasses ( ), . , , . , , - . , ZEMAX .


, , , ( ). : - , . - , . - (). - , . ZEMAX . : . , STP, , . . (. Multiconfigurations). , " ", . , - TEMP PRES. TCE () - . , :


L ­ , - , - . , . , . - , . . . 21 " ".

,
, "Thermal Pick Up". , , "". , .

(CRVT)
- CRVT, , . (, BK7 F2), . - "", : - , , , . : - , , . , ZEMAX "", . .

(THIC)
- THIC, . , . - , . , (). : , , . , , - . , , 80 . - 5 - 8 , ­93 . - 23.50 E-6, , +20 , 93 93.0437 . , 80.0437. , - , , . , 0.0 , . , 0.0, , , .


. , , () , . , , , . ,


. , , , , , , , , ; .


. , " ". , . , , , . . , , , . , , , , , , ; .


, , . .


, . , , . , TEMP PRES , 1 . , TEMP PRES , . TEMP PRES , , "" , , . , , , 1-5 20 , 6 -10 - 50 . TEMP ( PRES), 50 . , , , , 610 TEMP . TEMP , "" 20 . (/ ) . :

F

1. , TEMP PRES , .


F

2. TEMP PRES , , .

- . - . . - ; , , , .


"Editors Menu" (" "), "Multi-configuration" (" "), "Tools" ("").


. , , (, BK7 Schott), ZEMAX , . . 21 " ". , LDE . - LDE, "". , - , 1E-6. , 23.50 E-06 23.5. ZEMAX 1E-6 .


. " " 21" " .











, , . , "" ( ) . , , , , - . , , , . dn/dt. dn/dt, , , D, :


D :

D . , (STP) n. , . . , dn/dt , . dn/dt D , . , .

F

dn/dt. . ,


, , , , , . . , , 1 2, 3 4 , . . . , "TCE" LDE-.


ZEMAX. , . . , . , ; , , . Schott , Schott, , 40 +80 0.435 0.644 . 1.06 . . - , . , , ZEMAX. Schott , .



26




ZEMA X. . , , .



: "Pleas e attac h ZE A X har dw ar e lock M to par allel por t!" (" , "" !") , ZEMA X . , , . , , . , , .

. ZEMA X? . 1, " . ZEMA X, .

".



.

, - , . ! , x y, , , , . ZEMA X , . . , "r ay aiming". , - . - . , , ZEMA X . , , , , , , ZEMA X . .

.

ZEMA X, , ; .

. . ZEMA X

?


, . . «Field Data».

. . ZEMA X

?


( lay out plot) , , , , . ? ZEMA X . , , , ( ), , , . . , ( ) ( , ) , . . 3 " ". 3- , , , , , , , , . , , . ZE AX M , , , . 3- . , - , . , .

.

.

.

.

.

, , MTF, PSF, , , - , . , OPD , OPD . , 8x 8 , 32x32 OPD 4- , 64x 64 OPD 8 , . , OPD Zernike. , ( OPD , .. ). OPD , , . , OPD , , (RMS MTF) .

.

(PSF), , a .

. . , ZEMA X

? .


, , , . , , , . , , , , . . " A nalysis" .

.

? ? . " A nalysis ".

.



. , ZEMA X , , . , , - . , " " . , , , . .

. . ZEMA X

, , ?

.

, ZEMA X , . ?

, : . , RA NG . , RAN G ( Hx =0, Hy=1, Px =0, Py =0) 0 . , , , - " ". , , , ( , ), . . . , , , 1E5 , , 1. pic kup 1 -1 , - 1e5, 2 . , 2, . , , - , . , , "2" "0" . , "Objec t s pace NA " "Image Spac e F/#"

.

. .

, ?

. . RA NG ,

?


. .

, ? ZEMA X . , , ( . " ") . , , , . , ? - 1) , 2) , , . . 17 " Optimization ". ? , , . , MNE MNCT, 17 " Optimization ". T , EFFL , . , , , . , - , , , , F/# . , image s pac e F/# .

. . . 17 " . .

? Optimiz ation ", " ".

.

. .

.

. .

?



CODE V SEQ. , SEQ2ZMX, SEQ ZMX. SE 2ZMX \SEQ2ZMX Q ZEMA X. SEQ2ZMX . SEQ2ZMX.TXT, \SEQ2ZMX. ; .

. .

CODE V ® ZEMA X?