Äîêóìåíò âçÿò èç êýøà ïîèñêîâîé ìàøèíû. Àäðåñ îðèãèíàëüíîãî äîêóìåíòà : http://temporology.bio.msu.ru/RREPORTS/oleinik_khod.pdf
Äàòà èçìåíåíèÿ: Fri Feb 28 01:01:18 2014
Äàòà èíäåêñèðîâàíèÿ: Fri Feb 28 01:16:56 2014
Êîäèðîâêà:

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Department of General and Theoretical Physics, National Technical University of Ukraine «Kiev Polytechnical Institute», Prospect Pobedy 37, Kiev, 03056, Ukraine e-mail: yuri@arepjev.relc.com

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3. Oleinik V.P. The problem of electron and superluminal signals (Nova Science Publishers, Inc., N.-Y., 2000) (in print , 3, 21-30 (2000). 4. , 4, 3-17 (2000). 5. Kozyrev N.A., Selected Transactions (Leningrad University Press, Leningrad, 1991) (in Russian). 6. Jefimenko O.D. Electromagnetic retardation and theory of relativity (Electret Scientific Company, Star City, 1997). 7. Oleinik V.P., Borimsky Ju.C., Arepjev Ju.D. New ideas in electrodynamics: Physical properties of time (in print). 8. Oleinik V.P., Borimsky Ju.C., Arepjev Ju.D. Time, What is it? Dynamical Properties of Time. Physical Vacuum and Nature, 5, 65-82 (2000). 9. 10.

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