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Resonant behavior of comet Halley and the Orionid stream A. Sekhar and D.J. Asher
Meteorit. Planet. Sci., 49, 52-62 (2014)
Abstract:
Comet 1P/Halley has the unique distinction of having a very comprehensive set
of observational records for almost every perihelion passage from 240 B.C.
This has helped to constrain theoretical models pertaining to its orbital
evolution. Many previous works have shown the active role of mean motion
resonances (MMR) in the evolution of various meteoroid streams. Here, we look
at how various resonances, especially the 1:6 and 2:13 MMR with Jupiter,
affect comet 1P/Halley and thereby enhance the chances of meteoroid particles
getting trapped in resonance, leading to meteor outbursts in some particular
years. Comet Halley itself librated in the 2:13 resonance from 240 B.C. to
1700 A.D. and in the 1:6 resonance from 1404 B.C. to 690 B.C., while stream
particles can survive for time scales of the order of 10,000 yr and 1,000 yr
in the 1:6 and 2:13 resonances, respectively. This determines the long-term
dynamical evolution and stream structure, influencing the occurrence of
Orionid outbursts. Specifically, we are able to correlate the occurrence of
enhanced meteor phenomena seen between 1436-1440, 1933-1938, and 2006-2010
with the 1:6 resonance and meteor outbursts in 1916 and 1993 with the 2:13
resonance. Ancient as well as modern observational records agree with these
theoretical simulations to a very good degree.