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Дата индексирования: Tue Oct 2 07:57:47 2012
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Поисковые слова: zodiacal light
Abstract

Survey of Armagh

A survey of Armagh was to be carried out in order to better determine how much money is wasted each year in Armagh on bad lighting. To do this a code for different lights had to be made, to facilitate the survey. This code is shown in the table below:

Lighting for Signs (Sg)

Streetlights (St)

Floodlighting (Fl)

Foot Path Lights (Fp)

Security Lights (Sc)

Petrol Station Lights (Ps)

1

Up Lights

Full Cut-Off

Bad Up Light

Circular Cut-Offs

Bad Box

Bad

2

Down Lights

Semi Cut-Off

Good Up Light

Antique Low Bulb

Desk

Good

3

Square

Bad Down Light

Bad Standard

4

Cobra-Head

Good Down Light

Bad Conical

5

Long LPS

Glare Buster

6

Antique, High Bulb

To clarify this code photographs were produced to show the lights.

Up-Lights (Sg1)-

 Down-Lights (Sg2)-

  

Streetlights

Fully Cut-Off (St1)-

Semi Cut-Off (St2)-

‘Square’ Light (St3)-

Cobra Head Fixture (St4)-

Long Low Pressure Sodium Fixture (St5)-

‘Antique’ Lights (St6)-

 

Flood Lighting

Badly Directed Up-Lighting (Fl1)-

 

Well Directed Up-Lighting (Fl2)-

Badly Directed Down-Lighting (Fl3)-

 

Well Directed Down-Lighting (FL4)-

Foot Path Lights

Circular Cut-Off (Fp1)-

Antique Low Bulb (Fp2)-

Security Lights

Bad Box Light (Sc1)-

‘Desk’ type (Sc2)-

Bad ‘Standard’ Light (Sc3)-

 

Bad Conical (Sc4)-

Good Standard (Sc5)-

Petrol Station Lights

Bad Lights (Ps1)-

Good Lights (Ps2)-

 

 

Next, a route had to be planned which could be followed. A map of Armagh is shown below. The route taken went down College Hill, right on Lonsdale Road, back down Railway Street, then right onto Cathedral Road. A sharp left was taken onto Callan Bridge Road, which turned into Nursery Road then into Friary Road. A left ws taken onto Barrack Street, then another left onto the Mall West, back to the beginning.

A tally was made of the different lights on each street, shown in this table:

College Hill

Lonsdale Rd

Railway St

Cathedral Rd

Callan Bridge Rd

Nursery Rd

Friary Rd

Barrack St

Mall West

Sg1

1

3

4

7

Sg2

2

1

2

9

4

St1

St2

3

4

5

12

St3

23

5

8

7

15

2

5

2

2

St4

5

4

10

8

2

1

St5

3

1

1

3

26

St6

8

2

6

Fl2

Fl3

2

2

16

2

7

Fl4

23

Fp1

1

3

1

2

Fp2

3

3

10

2

32

Sc1

Sc2

Sc3

1

Sc4

Sc5

Ps1

6

14

Ps2

This information allowed more accurate estimates to be made of how much light is wasted in Armagh, and therefore how much money and coal is wasted, as well as how much carbon dioxide produced. This information was calculated using spreadsheets, seen below.

 

College Hill

Lonsdale Rd

Railway St

Cathedral Rd

Callan Bridge Rd

Nursery Rd

Friary Rd

Barrack St

Mall West

Total No. Lights

42

20

23

59

46

27

72

20

27

Distance (m)

950

340

210

1100

340

480

1000

200

500

Lights per metre

0.04