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Sternberg Astronomical Institute,Lomonosov Moscow State University, |
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Yuri N. EfremovProf. Dr.
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Birth: May 11, 1937 married, one son Degrees: Ph. D. (Cand. sci.): Main properties of the classical Cepheids, adviser B.V.Kukarkin Sternberg Institute, Moscow University, 1967 Dr. Sci. (Doctor phys.-mathemat. sci.): Cepheids and star groupings Sternberg Institute, Moscow University, 1983 Professor, 1997 Employment: 2000 -present Main sciential fellow, Sternberg Astronomicl Institute (SAI) of Moscow State University 1989 - 2000 Head of the Department for Galactic and Variable Stars Researches, SAI 1986 - 1989: Leading Scientific Fellow, SAI 1973 - 1986: Senior Scientific Fellow, SAI 1960 - 1973: laborant, aspirant, junior scientific fellow, Astronomical Counsil of the USSR Academy of Sciences Member of the International Astronomical Union, its Commissions 27, 33 (member of OK) and 37 (Variable stars, Structure of the Galaxy, Stellar clusters); the member of editorial boards of the magazines Astrophysical and Astronomical Transactions and Fundamentals of Cosmic Physics. The member of the Counsil for Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Some more important scientific publications (of the total ~200): 1) Classical Cepheids. In book: Pulsating stars, J.Wiley & Sons, 1975 2) Period - age relation for Cepheids, Sov. Astr. 22, 161, 1978 3) Star complexes. Sov. Astr. Lett. 4, 68, 1978. 4) Nature of star complexes, Sov. Astr. Lett. 5, 12, 1979. 8) Open clusters, associations and complexes. Sov. Sci. Rev./Sec. E, Astroph. Space Phys. Rev. vol. 7, part 2, 105 - 182, Harwood: London, 1989 9) Ochagi zvezdoobrazovania v galacticakh: zvezdnie compleksy i spiralnye rukava (Origins of star formation in galaxies: star complexes and spiral arms), Moscow, Science Publ., 1989 10) Star complexes and evolutionary processes in spiral galaxies, Vistas in Astronomy, 38, 165-205, 1994 (with A.D.Chernin) 11) Stellar complexes and associations: fundamental and elementary scales of star formation. AJ, 110, 2757, 1995 12) An extension of hierarchical star formation to galactic scale Astroph. J., 466, 802-807, 1996 with B.Elmegreen 13) An objective determination of blue star groupings in the Andromeda galaxy Battinelli, P. and Magnier E. A. Astron. Astrophys., 314, 51-58 (1996) 14) On the nature of the vertical structure of the galactic disk E.Alfaro Rev. Mex. Astr. Conf. Ser. 4, 1, 1996. 15) A Universal Formation Mechanism for Open and Globular Clusters in Turbulent Gas Astrophys. J..v.480, pp. 235 - 245, 1997 B.Elmegreen 16) Giant shells and stellar arcs as relics of Gamma-rays burst explosions ApJ Lett., 501, L163, 1998 B.Elmegreen and P.Hodge 17) Hierarchical star formation from the time-space distribution of star clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud Mon. Not. RAS, 299, 588, 1998 B.Elmegreen 18) A comparative study of spatial distribution of Cepheids and clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud Astron. Astroph., 346, 778, 1999 P.Battinelli 19) Stellar arcs and gamma-ray bursts Astron. Lett., 25, 74 - 79, 1999 20) Gamma-rays bursts versus OB-associations: do they trigger star formation Astron. Astrophys., 350, 457-468, 1999. with S.Ehlerova and J.Palous 21) B.G.Elmegreen, Yu.N.Efremov, R.E.Pudritz and H.Zinnecker In: Protostars and Planets IV eds. V.Mannigs, A.P.Boss and S.S.Russel Univ. Arizona Press, Tucson, 2000, pp. 179-215> Observations and theory of star cluster formation 22) A.K.Dambis and Yu.N.Efremov Journal for History of Astronomy, 31, 115-134, 2000 Dating Ptolemy's star catalogue through proper motions: the Hypparchan epoch 23) B.G.Elmegreen, Yu.N.Efremov, S.Larsen Astrophys. J., 535, 748 - , 2000 A young globular cluster in the galaxy NGC 6946 24) Yu.N.Efremov. On the nature of peculiar stellr complexes. Rus. Astron. J., 79, #10 (2002) 25) Efremov Yu.N., Pustilnik S.A., Kniazev A.Y. et al. 6-m telescope spectroscopic observations of the bubble complex in NGC 6946. Astron. Astroph., 389, 855, 2002. 26) Larsen S.S., Efremov, Yu.N., Elmegreen B.G. et al. Hubble space telescope imaging of a peculiar stellar complex in NGC 6946. Astroph. J., 567, 896, 2002. 27) Yu.N.Efremov, A.D.Chernin. Large scale star formation in galaxies. Physics Uspechi, 173, 3-25, 2003. 28) Yu.N.Efremov. Cepheids in the LMC clusters and the period - age realation Rus. Astron. J., 80, 3-15, 2003. 29) Yu.N.Efremov, E.Alfaro, P.Hodge, Larsen S., Munoz-Tunon C. A peculiar stellar complex in NGC 6946 or the blue compact galaxy in front of this galaxy? Astron. Astroph. Trans., 23, 95-101, 2004. 30) Yu.N.Efremov. Superassociations and stellar complexes in galaxies. Astrophysics, 47, 273-286, 2004. The author of many popular writings, including the book: Into Depth of the Universe, the last 4th edition: Moscow, URSS Editorial, 2003. The book was translated into German (three editions), Hungarien and Bulgarien. In 2005 Efremov's book "Islands of Stars" was published by "Vek-2" Publishers (in Russian). His name was recently given to the minor planet (12975) Efremov = 1973 SY5 (Minor Planet Circular # 54562, 2005 July 21). Professional experience Graduated from the Moscow University in 1960, during 1960 - 1973 participated in the compilation of the variable stars catalogues under the leadership of B.V.Kukarkin; the co-author of the Third Edition of the General Catalog of Variable Stars and of the Second Catalog of Stars, suspected in Variability. Yu.N.Efremov and P.N.Kholopov were first (1965, 1975) to investigate the only double Cepheid in an open cluster (CE Cas) and the only double-mode Cepheid in a cluster (V369 Sct). Another early finding by Yu.N.Efremov was the discovery of the light variability of the optical counterpart of the quasar 3C 273 (simultaneously with H.Smith, 1963) and the first identification of HZ Her as the optical counterpart to the X-rays source Her X-1 (1973). The observational evidences of the existence of the period - age relation for Cepheids were presented by Yu.Efremov first in 1964 and with much more data in 1978 and in 2003. He was first to use the Cepheids in studying the history of star formation in galaxies: the larger period, the younger is the Cepheid. This relation was then used in studies of distribution of young stars in the Andromeda galaxy, resulted in discovery the age gradient in the spiral arm S4 of that galaxy, predicted by the density wave theory of the spiral structure. The Cepheids were later used to establish the existence of the vast groupings of co-formed young stars and clusters named by Yu.Efremov the star complexes. These complexes were investigated in our Galaxy, in the Andromeda, Triangulum and other galaxies; the brightest complexes were proved to be the star clouds delineating the spiral arms of the galaxies. The hierarchical organisation of embedded star groupings, of which the complexes are the largest and oldest ones, was investigated in papers with P.Batinelli. The location of star complexes in the Galaxy was studied in papers with E.Alfaro, L.Berdnikov and T.Sitnik. In a number of joint papers with B.Elmegreen the large-scale hierarchical and triggered star formation in the turbulent gas was explored. The universal mechanism of formation of open and globular clusters was also suggested. In the joint paper with A.D.Dambis the millenium issue of the history of astronomy was resolved: the proper motions of stars have proved that coordinates of stars in the Almagest catalogue were observed by Hipparcos, not Ptolemy, contrary to what the latter claimed. A number of peculiar stellar complexes was found in recent years. Yu.Efremov has initiated the investigation, at the world largest telescopes, the most interesting complex in NGC 6946, which hosts the young massive cluster, the only known supercluster at the outskirts of a normal spiral galaxy. The star/cluster complexes in M51 are now under investigation in joint works with N.Bastian, M.Gieles, H.J.Lamers et al. The citation account in ADS is ~1230 (2005 November). Yu.N.Efremov is amongst ~700 Russian scientists having more than 1000 citations.last updating: 20.02.2012