Документ взят из кэша поисковой машины. Адрес оригинального документа : http://herba.msu.ru/shipunov/plans/dact-p2.pdf Дата изменения: Thu Oct 30 03:50:48 2003 Дата индексирования: Mon Oct 1 21:38:57 2012 Кодировка: Поисковые слова: m 8

Middle Russia: Moscow region

Dactylorhiza baltica


Russian Arctic: 1200 km from Moscow

"Northern tetraploids": D. fuchsii в D. maculata


INFL.L

BR.L

SPUR.L

P.HIGH LEAF.L LIP.L LIP.W ST.DIAM LEAF.W L.W POS LAT.L MIDD.L

Morphometric approac h

14 morphological characters were measured in each plant taken for DNA extraction


Geometric morphometrics approach (Thin Plate Splines)
Landmarks Consensus configuration Principal warps analysis

D. maculata

D. incarnata

D. fuchsii


Molecular approach: plastid markers,
Name Orch1 microsatellite Msf polymorphic fragment Ms1 polymorphic fragment Ms2 microsatellite trnL intron trnL-trnF spacer trnS-trnG spacer 5' region trnS-trnG spacer 3' region Locus 84 163 232 226 Typical length (base pairs) D. incarnata D. fuchsii 85 159 234 236

Ms1 D. fuchsii: haplotype A

D. maculata: haplotype B


ITS alleles,
ITS indels characterising D. fuchsii, D. maculata and D. incarnata

"Northern tetraploids": plants with D. fuchsii (70) and D. maculata (75) ITS alleles D_fuch

D. baltica with D. fuchsii and D. incarnata (73) ITS alleles D_fuch


nuclear microsatellites
Da963_1-2 D. fuchsii

D. incarnata

D. baltica


Haplotypes diversity accords with species
D. fuchsii and allotetraploids

Many of Western European and Turkish allotetraploids D. saccifera

D. maculata, D. "elodes"

D. euxina

D. incarnata, D. "cruenta"

D. armeniaca

The minimum spanning "tree" of haplotypes
D. viridis D. flavescens


Haplotype diversity accords with morphometric data
B 4

"Northern tetraploids"
X A AA A A RU1 A Q BB A A AAA X A AA A A AA AA B A AA A A AAA Q A A AA AA A A A A A A A A AAA AA AA A E EE E A E E E E A A 2

B

A Di m 2 0

A

A A

-2

A A

-4

-6

E -2 0 2 Di m 1 4 6 8


"Northern tetraploids" from geometric morphometrics point
0.2 maculata incarnata fuchsii 0.1
MA C 91 TRA 93 90 91 INC S PH 92 91 93 FCH 90

Di m 2

-0.2

-0.1

0.0

93

-0.1

0.0 Dim 1

0.1

0.2


D. baltica: morphology + nuclear markers versus...
6 4

b

2

b

b b b b b b b b b b

PC 2

b

b

0

b b b b

b bb b b

-2

b

fuchsii incarnata traunsteineri -6 -4 -2 0 PC 1 2 4

-4


...morphology + nuclear markers + plastid markers
4 PC 2 0 2

bb b b

b b b bb b b b

b b b

b b

-2

b

b

-4

b b

fuchsii incarnata traunstei neri -8 -6 -4 -2 PC 1

b b

b

0

2


Morphological and DNA characters work together

10

Lateral li p lobe length

8

baltica fuchsii i ncarnata

100 80 60 40 20 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 2

Leaf length

% of D. i ncarnata ITS al lel e

4

6


Haplotypes and geography
RU1 XQ

X C C C C C Q CN G C R3

RU1 X HN Q

RU4 RU3 G H KC


Population ITS heterogeneity and latitude
0.30 Heterogenei ty 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25

55

60 Latitudi nal zone

65


The future: consider the unsampled areas...
Barents Sea

Saint-Petersburg

Moscow

Black Sea


...and:
· add more morphological characters (spur width, number of different leaf types etc.); · add more nuclear markers; · add more samples (now 228 DNA / 371 lips / 844 в 14 measurements) from more localities; · add more species (e.g., D. traunsteineri, D. kolaensis, D. sambucina)


Acknowledgements:
· · Y. Pillon, R. Bateman, R. Cowan, L. Csiba, J. Clarkson, E. Kapinos L. Abramova, Zh. Altshuler, I. Blinova, P. Buntman, T. Braslavskaja, V. Chernovol,S. Glagolev, N. Guryanova, A. Karjakin, G. Konechnaja, J. Kosenko, E. Kost, A. Kvashenko, I. Kucherov, S. Nazarova, M. Logacheva, K. Markvicheva, I. Pavlinov, A. Pegova, E. Peskova, S. Polevova, N. Reshetnikova, N. Rimskaja-Korsakova, N. Sajtanova, A. Shipunova, A. Skorobogatov, D. Sokoloff, S. Suhov, D. Suhova, T. Vinogradova, P. Volkova, T. Vorozhbieva and I. Yufrjakov

This work was supported by the Royal Society of London and sponsored by NATO and British Foreign and Commonwealth Office