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Дата индексирования: Sat Dec 22 02:45:31 2007
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Поисковые слова: equinox
University Satellites and Space Science Education '2006

University Satellites and
Space Science Education 

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Simple Particle Detector for Educational studies
Avagyan K., Arakelyan K., Avetisyan A., Chilingarian A., Chilingarian S., Danielyan V., Reymers A., Yeghikyan A., Tserunyan S.,

In physics and space education involvement of students in the experimental studies is of crucial importance. It is necessary to select a topic interesting from scientific point of view and simple enough to allow students understand and participate in all stages of experiment from measurements via data analysis to physical inference. Also the results of experiment should be apparent and allow on-line analysis and interpretation. Very important is to connect the physical inference not only with progress of the fundamental science, but also with applied problems, and, if possible, with real life problems. Particle detector designed and commissioned in Cosmic Ray Division of Alikhanyan Physics Institute fulfilled these requirements: Particle detector is measuring count rate (number of hits per minute) of secondary cosmic rays. Simple microcontroller driven electronics, allows to measure separately fluxes of neutrons, low energy charged component (mostly electrons and muons) and high energy muons. From scientific point of view it is advanced detector, measuring in much more detail the characteristics of global geophysical parameters, comparing with existent networks of particle detectors; Basic physics is extremely interesting and up-to-date. Particle detectors are measuring changing fluxes of particle fluxes. By measuring neutral and charges species of secondary fluxes it is possible to reconstruct primary flux of cosmic rays incident on the terrestrial atmosphere (mostly protons for energies up to several tens of GeV). Changes of the primary flux are controlled by the sun activity and reflect major solar events: flares, acceleration of particles, coronal mass ejections. Physics of Solar flares is one of fastest developing fields of high energy astrophysics both from theoretical and experimental points of view. The universal processes of particle acceleration by stellar objects and shocks are one of main unsolved problems vital for understanding the Universe and our nearest star gives us excellent possibility to study these processes in virtu. Space Weather is another aspect of solar "modulation": many space and surface technologies are affected by the consequences of violent solar explosions. Solar modulation effects usually are lasting not more than 2 weeks, the time group od spots are traveling via visible solar disc. The effects of solar modulations are reflected in the noticeable changes of the count rates of particle detectors. For the data analysis we prepare simple and powerful platform allowing remote on-line data analysis. Revealing and enumerating the peaks, estimating significances decreases and increases of count rates, estimating correlations between charged and neutral fluxes and many other operations are feasible via our DVIN3 software. Students using measurements of the their own detector will get experience in the statistical procedures necessary for the physical inference. Solar modulation effects and physical characteristics and analysis of the major solar events are possible only by joining data from space-born and surface particle and radiation detectors. Students will participate in data exchange and joint analysis within several scientific networks, thus understanding that communicating the results of own research is obligatory part of global scientific process.





Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, 2005-2006