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A SERIES OF ATLASES ON METHODS OF SPACE IMAGES INTERPRETATION AS A NEW TOOL FOR REMOTE SENSING EDUCATION IN EARTH SCIENCES Kravtsova V.I.,
Special manuals in the form of atlases of satellite images and their interpretation results are within the best tools for support of the geographical and ecological research and thematic mapping. The team of Moscow State University geographers, in cooperation with Institute of Space Researches, Russian Academy of Sciences, and other organizations, have developed a series of such atlases. The first two volumes, named Interpretation of multiband aerospace images. Techniques and results were devoted to processing of multispectral imagery. The first one based on photoimages, taken with MKF-6 camera from Soyuz-22 spacecraft. The second volume used images taken by Fragment scanner system from Meteor-30 satellite. they were prepared in the international cooperation within the frame of "Intercosmos" and published in 1982 and 1988 in Berlin in three languages: Russian, English and German. The following triad is the methodological basis of the atlases: satellite images - interpretation techniques - interpretation results.
In 1997 the new scientific-methodological atlas "Space Methods for Geoecology", prepared by geographers of Moscow State University, has been published. It represents the methods of satellite images application for ecological purposes. It generalizes the experience and achievements on space methods application in geoecology and shows the ways of satellite images use in wide spectrum of geographical investigations, also for geoecological monitoring and for investigation and solution the ecological problems.
The Atlas characterizes the possibilities of space methods for investigation of global ecological problems, such as global climate warming, loss of plant biomass, depletion of ozone layer. More details are given for Russia and neighboring territories: regional ecological problems, related to sea level fluctuations, air pollution and water contamination, anthropogenic impact in different natural conditions - in tundra, forest, steppe, desert zones. Problems of deforestation, erosion, desertification, technogenic impact in mining and industrial regions, problems caused by urbanization and nature management, as well as problems of natural disasters and nature conservation are examined in Atlas.
The Atlas is passed to dozens of universities, connected with Moscow University Laboratory of Aerospace Methods, which has functions of Interuniversities Aerospace Centre. Now it is successfully applying for geographical education. We have received acknowledgements from universities teachers for using of Atlas in lectures and training process. Direct usage of Atlas is for teaching remote sensing courses with purpose to show wide possibilities of space images applying in many directions of geographical investigations and various techniques of images using for different purposes. But may be even more important its undirect using for teaching geographical and ecological courses, when images become the tool for understanding of geographical lows and patterns.The experience of Atlas application in educational process at faculty of Geography, Moscow State University, shows that it may be successfully use in the both directions: remote sensing education and geographical education.
But possibilities of the Atlas applying are more wide. It may be used not only by university teachers, but by specialists in Earth sciences, especially geoecologists; it will be also interesting for anyone, who would like to know more about ecological problems and their solutions using remote sensing methods.
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