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RESEARCH PROBLEMS of the LRS
Research problems of the Radio Spectroscopy

The main research task of the LRS was an investigation of interstellar medium of our Galaxy using its line emission in radio domain with the help of the gratest RATAN-600 Radio Telescope.
The LRS includes astrophisicists, VHF engineeres, electronics engineeres, digital device engineers and programmers.It has two divisions: the first is situated at St.Petersburg and the second one at Zelenchukskaja. The following problems has been included into the research field of the LRS staff:

1. The complex investigation of the Interstellar Clouds structure on the different scales and with the different radio lines for understanding of structure, dynamics and evolution of interstar gas and its interaction with other galactic constituents and the conditions for star formation.

This includes search and investigation of Interstellar gas clouds in the scales from 0.1 to 1000 pc in the Neutral Hydrogen ( HI ) radio line at 21 cm, in the four lines of hydroxyl ( OH ) at 18 cm , in the formaldehyde ( H2CO ) line at 6.2 cm and in water wapour ( H2O ) line at 1.35 cm.
Morphology data and cloud phisical characteristics can be used for solving the following problems:

  • Hydrodynamic Theory of Star formation.
  • Interstar Turbulence and observed scale range and mass of different Galaxy structures.
  • Investigation of interaction of unstable and relativistic objects with interstar medium.
There are following steps to fulfil the problem:
  • The HI gas structure investigation in different scales in the Galaxy region of +- 15 degrees of latitude all over the sky and on high galactic latitudes.
  • The maps of OH and H2CO absorption lines across the source disks with resolution of 2' -- 40''.
  • The measurements of coordinates and fluxes of OH and H2O maser sources.
2. The investigation of phisical and evolutional characteristics of the large scale structures of the interstar gas in the Galaxy.

The following investigations are being taken on :
  • The complex investigation of the Galaxy Center Region in the radio lines HI, OH, H2CO and H2O.
  • The investigation of the structure and kinematics of the some large scale Galaxy Regions.
  • Structure of galactic gas layer along Z-coordinate in the spiral arms and between them.
  • Large scale investigation of gas parameters in disk and on high latitude.
  • The investigations of cold gas with its absorpsion lines.
These data can be used for solving the problems of interstar gas evolution in the Galaxy and of spiral structure formation. There are the following steps to fulfil the problem:
  • The observation of interstar gas emission with a large region all over the sky.
  • The detaching and the consequent processing of the large scale structures.
  • The obtaining of structure's parameters.
  • The investigation of the structure's interactions with another Galaxy constituents.
3. The search of the gas clouds along the cosmic distance using their emission lines HI in 0.21 - 1.0 m wave range and CO in 0.26 - 1.35 cm wave range.

The including of long time of integration of the signal with the special secondary mirror " Type 5 " of the RATAN - 600 , the search and investigation of this hypothetical emission or stationg of its upper limit will be the basis for solving the following problems :
  • The search of the clouds of the Primary gas and the investigation of the problem of creation of Primary Structures in the Univers.
  • The investigation of the large scale Universe Structure.
  • The problem solution of the basic constants changing along the Cosmic Time Scale.
4. The measurement of the hight profile of water vapour concentration in the Earth Atmosphere on 40 - 80 km hight level.

 The problem includes the development and creation of the specialyzed devices and observation technique for atmosphere water vapour concentration measurement using its radiation at 1.35 cm wavelength.
These data are needed for the solution the following problems :
  • The chemical of the atmosphere radicals, espatially, ozone.
  • The developing of standard Atmosphere models.
  • The investigation of the radiative budget energy in Stratosphere and Mesosphere.
  • The temperature distribution along the height.
  • The investigation of the troposphere-stratosphere interchanging and the investigation of meridional water transport.
  • The cluster ion investigation at the lower Ionosphere.