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Arthropoda Selecta 21(3): 223225

ї ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2012

New records of millipedes from the Comoro Islands (Diplopoda) Новые находки многоножек-диплопод с Коморских островов (Diplopoda) C. Rollard1 & S.I. Golovatch2 К. Роллар1, С.И. Головач2
Musйum national dHistoire naturelle, Dйpartement Systйmatique & Evolution, UMR 7205 OSEB, Section Arthropodes, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 53, 75005 Paris, France. 2 Institute for Problems of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia. 2 Институт проблем экологии и эволюции РАН, Ленинский пр. 33, Москва 119071 Россия.
1

KEY WORDS:Diplopoda, fauna, Comoros. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: Diplopoda, фауна, Коморские острова. ABSTRACT.A small collection of diplopods from the Comoros contains nine species, two of which represent new island records. The fauna (16 species) is confirmed to be depauperate and dominated by anthropochore species, but several seem to be local endemics (4) or subendemics (3). РЕЗЮМЕ.Небольшой материал диплопод с Коморских островов содержит девять видов, два из которых впервые указаны для одного из островов. Подтверждается, что фауна (16 видов) обеднена и в ней доминируют антропохорные виды, но в ее составе, очевидно, есть и местные эндемики (4) и субэндемики (3).
MW05, Lake Dziani Boundouni, degraded dry forest (60 m), 31.10.2008.; 1 juv.: Mohйli, MW16, Chalet St Antoine, natural forest on crest (700 m), 4.11.2008.

REMARKS. This pantropical species is quite common on all of the islands of the Comoro Archipelago [VandenSpiegel & Golovatch, 2007]. Family Pachybolidae Leptogoniulus sorornus (Butler, 1876)

Introduction
The millipede fauna of the Comoros has recently been reviewed and shown to contain 16 species, all keyed [VandenSpiegel & Golovatch, 2007]. The first author was privileged to collect more millipedes in 2008 and 2009, being restricted only to the main three islands of the State of Comoros, as part of a FRB programme on the Biodiversity inventory of the Indian Ocean islands, entitled Connaоtre pour conserver le patrimoine naturel cachй des Comores. Some specimens were also collected by colleagues participating in this programme (referred to in brackets). This collection which comprises several new records and thus being interesting to publish is fully housed in the Musйum national dHistoire naturelle in Paris.

REMARKS. This pantropical species is quite common on all of the islands of the Comoro Archipelago [VandenSpiegel & Golovatch, 2007]. Dactylobolus bivirgatus (Karsch, 1881)

MATERIAL.1 juv.: Anjouan, ND16, Hajoho Bay, back beach, degraded forest (2 m), 16.11.2010; 1 : Grande Comore, NG01, Mt Dima Kora, Lake Hantsangoma, banana plants (1000 m), 19.10.2008.

A faunistic list
Order Spirobolida Family Pseudospirobolellidae Pseudospirobolellus avernus (Butler, 1876)
MATERIAL. 1 juv.: Grande Comore, NG19, Mvouni, belvedere trail plantations (430 m), 28.10.2008; 2 , 1 juv.: Mohйli,

REMARKS. This species has heretofore been found only in the Seychelles, Madagascar and the Comoros, being quite common on all of the islands of the latter archipelago [VandenSpiegel & Golovatch, 2007]. It can be referred to as a subendemic species.

MATERIAL. 1 , 1 , 1 juv.: Anjouan, ND15, Hajoho Bay, degraded dry coastal environment (15 m), 16.11.2009; 1 , 3 juv.: Anjouan, ND16, Hajoho Bay, back beach, degraded forest (2 m), 16.11.2009; 1 juv.: Grande Comore, NG10, Mt Karthala, BoboniConvalescence trail, primary forest (1600 m), 24.10.2008; 3 juv.: Grande Comore, NG33, Niamaoui Salt Lake, dry and degraded forest (70 m), 11.11.2008 (Muratov leg.); 1 : Grande Comore, NG35, Niamaoui Salt Lake, degraded forest (10 m), 7.11.2009 (Fontaine leg.); 1 juv.: Mohйli, MW01, Itsamia, butte of Hamada Ali, degraded dry forest on slope (30 m), 30.10.2008; 1 juv.: Mohйli, MW07, Itsamia, Mtrouni Valley, degraded dry forest (20 m), 1.11.2008; 2 juv.: Mohйli, MW16, Chalet St Antoine, natural forest on crest (700 m), 4.11.2008.


224 Order Spirostreptida Family Cambalopsidae Hypocambala anguina (Attems, 1900)

C. Rollard & S.I. Golovatch Order Polydesmida Family Paradoxosomatidae Cnemodesmella comoroensis VandenSpiegel & Golovatch, 2007
MATERIAL. 1 : Grande Comore, NG01, E of Mt Dima Kora, Hantsangoma Lake, banana plants (1000 m), 19.10.2008; 1 : Mohйli, MW10, NE of Ouallah, Amйrй Valley, Kidogobassi, degraded forest near plantations (160 m), 2.11.2008; 3 : Mohйli, MW14, Miringoni trail, Chalet St Antoine, natural rainforest (620 m), 4.11.2008; 1 , 1 : Mohйli, MW15, Chalet St Antoine, NE natural forest on crest (680 m), 4.11.2008; 2 2 : Mohйli, MW17, Chalet St Antoine, N slope, natural rainforest (650 m), 4.11.2008.

REMARKS. In the Comoros, this pantropical species has hitherto been encountered only on Grande Comore [VandenSpiegel & Golovatch, 2007], thus being new to the fauna of Anjouan. Family Spirostreptidae Seychelleptus variabilis VandenSpiegel & Golovatch, 2007
MATERIAL. 1 , 1 : Anjouan, ND10, Mt Ntingui, natural crest forest under rock ledge (1220 m), 13.11.2009; 1 juv., Mohйli, MW05, Lake Dziani Boundouni, NE shore, degraded dry forest (60 m), 31.10.2008; 1 , 2 : Mohйli, MW17, Chalet St Antoine, N slope, natural rainforest (650 m), 5.11.2008.

MATERIAL. 1 , 1 : Anjouan, ND05, top of Mt Ntingui, natural forest (1595 m), 12.11.2009; 1 : Grande Comore, NG12, Mt Karthala, degraded forest, SE of Concalescence (1780 m), 24.10.2008.

REMARKS. This species seems to be endemic to the Comoros, having been described from Mohйli Island alone [VandenSpiegel & Golovatch, 2007]. The above is its first record on Grande Comore Island. Oxidus gracilis (C.L. Koch, 1847)

REMARKS. This species seems to be endemic to the Comoros, having already been encountered on Anjouan and Mohйli islands, as well as on Mayotte [VandenSpiegel & Golovatch, 2007]. Charactopygus voeltzkowi (Attems, 1910)
MATERIAL. 3 , 1 juv.: Anjouan, ND14, Mro oua Bouйnidouari Valley, synanthropic vegetation (60 m), 15.11.2009; 2 juv.: Anjouan, ND19, N Col Moya, degraded forest (1100 m), 17.11.2009; 2 juv.: Grande Comore, NG01, Mt Dima Kora, Lake Hantsangoma, banana plants in degraded forest (1000 m), 19.10.2008; 2 juv.: Grande Comore, NG17, Mt Karthala, MvouniConvalescence trail, degraded forest (1000 m), 25.10.2008; 1 juv.: Grande Comore, NG22, S of Ikoni, Napa Beau, back mangrove (5 m), 29.10.2008; 2 juv.: Grande Comore, NG26, Oussoudjou, Grille Massif, degraded forest (1000 m), 9.11.2008 (Muratov leg.); 1 juv.: Grande Comore, NG30, Tsinimouapanga, degraded forest (985 m), 10.11.2008 (Muratov leg.); 1 , 1 juv.: Grande Comore, NG35, Niamaoui, Salt Lake, degraded forest (10 m), 7.11.2009 (Fontaine leg.); 2 : Grande Comore, NG41, SE of Dibouani, Gadjou-Lamdjahala, natural vegetation (500 m), 22.11.2009 (Fontaine leg.); 3 : Mohйli, MW03, Itsamia, Boundouni lake, SE of Moutrou, degraded dry forest (20 m), 31.10.2008; 1 juv.: Mohйli, MW05, Dziani Boundouni Lake, NE shore, degraded dry forest (60 m), 31.10.2008; 1 juv.: Mohйli, MW07, NW Itsamia, Mtrouni Valley, degraded dry forest (20 m), 1.11.2008; 9 juv.: Mohйli, MW08, NW Itsamia, Mtrouni Valley, degraded dry forest (50 m), 1.11.2008; 1 , 2 , 1 juv.: Mohйli, MW09, NE of Ouallah, Amйrй Valley, dense natural forest (250 m), 2.11.2008.

REMARKS. This nearly ubiquitous species is one of the most common millipedes in the Comoros [VandenSpiegel & Golovatch, 2007]. Orthomorpha coarctata (DeSaussure, 1860)
MATERIAL. 1 , 1 juv.: Grande Comore, NG19, Mvouni, belvedere trail, plantations (430 m), 28.10.2008; 1 : Grande Co-

MATERIAL. 1 , 2 : Anjouan, ND04, Lake Dzialandйe, degraded forest (900 m), 11.11.2009; 1 : Anjouan, ND05, top of Mt Ntingui, natural forest (1595 m), 12.11.2009; 19 , 22 , 7 juv.: Anjouan, ND07, Mt Ntingui, NW crest, natural fern vegetation (1400 m), 12.11.2009; 5 , 6 , 3 juv.: Anjouan, ND08, Mt Ntingui, SE crest, natural forest (1230 m), 13.11.2009; 1 , 5 , 1 juv.: Anjouan, ND09, Mt Ntingui, SE crest, open area in natural forest (1220 m), 13.11.2009; 2 : Anjouan, ND11, Dzialandйe Lake, plantations (920 m), 14.11.2009; 1 , 1 , 1 juv.: Anjouan, ND12, trail Dzialandйe Lake-Dindi road, Mchakojou, degraded forest (900 m), 14.11.2009; 1 : Anjouan, ND16, Hajoho Bay, back beach, degraded forest (2 m), 16.11.2009; 1 , 8 juv.: Anjouan, ND19, N Col Moya, degraded forest (1100 m), 17.11.2009; 1 , 1 : Grande Comore, NG07, Mt Karthala, trail Convalescence-Karthala, natural vegetation (1940 m), 23.10.2008; 5 , 3 : Grande Comore, NG07bis, Mt Karthala, trail Convalescence-Karthala, natural vegetation (1940 m), 23.10.2008; 1 juv.: Grande Comore, NG08, Mt Karthala, trail Convalescence-Karthala, natural fern vegetation (1880 m), 23.10.2008; 5 , 10 , 5 juv.: Grande Comore, NG09, Mt Karthala, Boboni trail, primary rainforest (1490 m), 24.10.2008; 1 , 13 juv.: Grande Comore, NG10, Mt Karthala, Boboni-Convalescence trail, primary forest (1600 m), 24.10.2008; 5 juv.: Grande Comore, NG11, Mt Karthala, under Convalescence, degraded forest (1750 m), 24.10.2008; 8 juv.: Grande Comore, NG12, Mt Karthala, SE of Convalescence, degraded forest (1780 m), 24.10.2008; 2 , 1 , 1 juv.: Grande Comore, NG15, Mt Karthala, Convalescence-Mvouni trail, degraded dry forest (1450 m), 25.10.2008; 1 : Grande Comore, NG16, Mt Karthala, Convalescence-Mvouni trail, natural vegetation (1200 m), 25.10.2008; 1 juv.: Grande Comore, NG19, Mvouni, belvedere trail, plantations (430 m), 28.10.2008; 1 : Grande Comore, NG20, Mvouni, University campus, ruderal vegetation, rubble (410 m), 28.10.2008; 1 , 1 : Grande Comore, NG30, S Tsinimouapanga, degraded forest (985 m), 10.11.2008 (Muratov leg.); 1 : Mohйli, MW04, Dziani Boundouni Lake, dry natural forest (60 m), 31.10.2008; 5 , 5 , 4 juv.: Mohйli, MW09, NE of Ouallah, Amйrй Valley, Kidogobassi, natural dense forest (250 m), 2.11.2008.

REMARKS. This species seems to be endemic to the Comoros, having already been encountered on all of the islands of the archipelago [VandenSpiegel & Golovatch, 2007].


New records of millipedes from the Comoros
more, NG20, Mvouni, University campus, ruderal vegetation, rubble (410 m), 28.10.2008; 1 , 1 : Mohйli, MW01, Itsamia, butte of Hamada Ali, degraded dry forest on slope (30 m), 30.10.2008; 6 , 1 : Mohйli, MW07, NW of Itsamia, Mvouni Valley, degraded dry forest (20 m), 1.11.2008; 14 , 5 : Mohйli, MW08, NW of Itsamia, Mtrouni Valley, rocky valley in degraded dry forest (50 m), 1.11.2008; 1 juv.: Mohйli, MW17, E of Chalet St Antoine, N slope, natural rainforest (650 m), 5.11.2008.

225

REMARKS. This pantropical species is one of the most common millipedes in the Comoros [VandenSpiegel & Golovatch, 2007].

the Comoros, it includes two new island records: the presumed endemic Cnemodesmella comoroensis on Grande Comore and the pantropical Hypocambala anguina on Anjouan. In general, the fauna of the Comoros is confirmed to be depauperate and dominated by anthropochore elements, but there are a few endemic (4) or subendemic (3) species as well [VandenSpiegel & Golovatch, 2007].

Reference
VandenSpiegel D., Golovatch S.I. 2007. The millipedes of the Comoro Islands (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) // Journal of Afrotropical Zoology. Vol.3. P.4157.

Conclusions
Even though the above small collection contains only nine of the 16 diplopod species known to occur in

Responsible editor K.G. Mikhailov