Textbook contents

Textbook

• Title page
• Contents
• What's new

Solar system

• Introduction,
• Sun, Sunspots, Solar cycle, 1.3 year solar periodicity, Solar flares, Coronal mass ejections, Coronal holes, Solar F10.7 flux, Cosmic rays
• Solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), Heliosphere, Solar wind pressure pulses, Bow shocks
• Mercury, Earth, Saturn

Magnetosphere

• Introduction
• Source of plasma, Magnetosheath, Magnetopause, Plasma sheet, Plasmasphere and plasmapause, Ring current, Radiation belts, Polar cap, Geostationary orbit
• Cusp, Magnetospheric boundary layer, Low-latitude boundary layer
• Magnetospheric electric fields, Steady magnetospheric convection (SMC), Polar wind, Polar rain

Ionosphere

• Introduction
• Ionospheric waveguide, Ionospheric Alfven resonator, Plasma convection, Frictional heating, Ionospheric troughs, Ionospheric ion outflow, Field-aligned currents (FAC), Travelling convection vortices (TCV)
  Harang discontinuity , Polar cap absorption events, Radar aurora, Isotropic boundaries (IB), Field-aligned potential drops

Atmosphere

• Introduction
• Global change
• Schumann resonances, Joule heating
• Atmospheric flashes

Geomagnetic activity

• Introduction
• Solar wind - magnetosphere - ionosphere coupling, Magnetic field merging and reconnection, Flux Transfer Events (FTE)
• Indecis for magnetic activity, Sudden Impulses and Storm Sudden Commencements, Storms
• Substorms
  • Introduction, Models
  • Growth, Expansion, Recovery, Pseudobreakups
  • Substorm current wedge (SCW), Particle injections, Plasmoids and flux ropes, Triggering, High speed ion flows, Drifting electron holes (DEH), Finestructure

Aurora

• Introduction
• Auroral ovals, Dayside aurora, Diffuse aurora, Discrete aurora, Pulsating aurora, Enhanced aurora
• Auroral arcs, Sun-aligned arcs, Proton aurora, Black aurora, Afternoon spots, Flickering aurora
• Great aurora,  Low-latitude aurorae, SAR arcs
• Auroral folklore

Waves

• ULF waves, Pc 1, Pc 3, Pc 4, Pc 5, Pi 1, Pi 2, Pi B, Pi C, Field line resonances (FLR)
• Auroral kilometric radiation, Whistler waves, Power Line Harmonic Radiation (PLHR), Schumann resonances

Instabilities

• Introduction
• Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, Ballooning mode instability, Drift mirror instability

Plasma theory

• Plasma, Plasma theories, Dispersion relation, Drift mechanisms
• Plasma waves, MHD waves, Waves in cold plasma, Waves in warm plasma, EMIC waves, Discontinuities and shocks
• Critical velocity ionization

Measurements

• Introduction
• Magnetometers, Optical instrumentation, Riometers, Incoherent scatter

Appendices

• Basic definitions, Constants, Radio frequency ranges, Coordinate systems, Magnetic field models