Engines
Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engine 11D33
The first domestic liquid-propellant rocket engine with afterburning of generated gas in a combustion chamber allowed to achieve
a specific impulse of up to 340 kgf s/kg in vacuum when using main components.
For this liquid-propellant rocket engine the following equipment has been newly designed: the engine pneudraulic system ensuring
its reliable start in space environment after staying in vacuum for a long period; gas generator of minimum mass
and dimensions serving to convert liquid oxygen into gaseous oxygen at a temperature 350-450њC within a uniform field
of temperatures; a reliably cooled combustion chamber with a high gas extension coefficient in a nozzle.
The turbopump initial spin-up is pyrotechic. The engine is attached to a Cardan's suspension with an angle of rotation
of up to 3њ. The roll control is executed via rotary steering nozzles using reduction gas.
The combustion chamber is made of titanium alloy.
Thus far, the engine is still being used in upper stage L of LV Molniya.
| Principal characteristics |
|
Engine thrust in vacuum, tf
Fuel components:
oxidizer
fuel
|
6.8
oxygen
kerosene T-1
|
Liquid-Propellant-Rocket Engine 11D58M
A
vacuum restarting engine designed for a durable use in space
environment.
The engine is derived from engine 11D33 through improving
its performance.
The engine has a more heat-intensive combustion chamber,
therefore, RG-1 is used as fuel. When launching heavy-lift
spacecraft, synthine can be used in the capacity of fuel
without re-designing the engine.
For restarting, the engine contains a multi-ignition unit
which tanks are filled with starting fuel. Using booster
pumps at outlets of fuel and oxidizer tanks allowed to make
fuel tanks lighter and a system regulating an oxidizer-fuel
ratio including a temperature control allows to maintain
a constant mass ratio of components instead of a volume
ratio as in other engines.
Until now, engine 11D58M is being successfully operated.
| Principal characteristics |
|
Engine thrust in vacuum, tf
Fuel components:
oxidizer
fuel
|
8,5
oxygen
kerosene RG-1
|
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