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PROGRAM


Welcome
On behalf of the Board of Directors and staff of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, I'm pleased to welcome you to the 121st annual meeting of the ASP, in our 120th anniversar y year. We have one more annual meeting than we do years of existence because the Society began with a meeting -- on Februar y 7, 1889, when professional astronomers from Lick Observator y and amateur astronomers and photographers from the Bay Area convened to share photographs and experiences from the total solar eclipse witnessed just north of San Francisco a little over a month before, on New Year's Day. They had so much fun, they decided to formalize their gathering into a "pro-am" Society and continue the tradition of meeting each year. This year's gathering is the latest in that long tradition, and you are the latest in a long and distinguished line of participants, who are meeting to share their love of astronomy and science and to learn from each other as we all work to increase understanding and appreciation of the cosmos, of science, and of the need for increased science literacy and career aspirations as we confront the challenges of our time. Of course, we also observe this year the 400th anniversar y of Galileo's (and Harriot's) first use of an astronomical telescope (and 400 years of astronomical and scientific discover y since) in the International Year of Astronomy, as well as the 200th anniversar y of the birth of Charles Darwin and the 150th anniversar y of the publication of his Origin of Species, providing impetus for the parallel Year of Science in 2009. Histor y is thick about us, and yet we have chosen in this year largely to look forward, as is also reflected in our conference theme, to take advantage of greater public awareness to build programs that can sustain that awareness and public benefit for the future. And that is as is should be. I hope that you will find in this 121st ASP meeting a chance to share, learn, connect, collaborate, and discuss the key issues we will face as we forge ahead -- and that you will see in the ASP an organization that can help as we all lay down our strategies for engaging the future even as we honor the past. Welcome to the San Francisco Bay Area, and to Millbrae, California. Welcome to the conference. And welcome to the start of the next 400 years of scientific discover y and to the opportunities for education and outreach that they will bring!

James G. Manning Executive Director, Astronomical Society of the Pacific

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Table of Contents
Welcome Letter from James Manning ......................................................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 General Daily Schedule ................................................................................................................................................ 6 Conference Map ........................................................................................................................................................... 8 Detailed Schedule by Day ............................................................................................................................................. 9 Exhibits ........................................................................................................................................................................ 12 Special Events .............................................................................................................................................................. 14 SETI Sunday Speakers................................................................................................................................................. 16 Keynote Address .......................................................................................................................................................... 18 Plenary Sessions .......................................................................................................................................................... 19 Full Conference Program ........................................................................................................................................... 23 Author Index ............................................................................................................................................................... 53

ANNUAL MEETING

Save the Date!
Join Us in 2010
Making Connections in Education and Public Outreach: The ASP 122nd Annual Conference & Cosmos in the Classroom 2010: A Hands-on Symposium on Teaching Introductory Astronomy University of Colorado at Boulder July 31 ­ August 4, 2010
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Acknowledgements
The ASP thanks the following individuals and institutions for their generous support. Our conference would not be possible without their time and dedication.

Steering Committee
James G. Manning, ASP, chair Edna DeVore, SETI Institute John Dillon, AANC Denise Smith, STScI

Program Committee
Lindsay Bartolone, Adler Planetarium & Astronomy Museum, co-chair Tom Foster, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, co-chair Denise Smith, Space Telescope Science Institute, co-chair Gail Chaid, Pacific Planetarium Association Doris Daou, NASA Lunar Science Institute Edna DeVore, SETI Institute Andrew Fraknoi, Foothill College & ASP Michael Gibbs, Capitol College Michael Greene, Jet Propulsion Laboratory James Manning (ex-officio), ASP Kevin Parsons, Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems Laura Peticolas, UC-Berkeley Steve Pompea, National Optical Astronomy Observatory Sheri Potter, American Institute of Biological Sciences Ed Prather, U. Arizona Holli Riebeek, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Lisa Rom, NSF Daniella Scalice, NASA Astrobiology Institute Stephanie Shipp, Lunar & Planetary Institute Dan Steinberg, Princeton University Michelle Thaller, Spitzer Science Center

Wilson Chung, Accounting Assistant Paul Deans, Mercury Editor Noel Encarnacion, Inventory and Customer Service Manager Andrew Fraknoi, Education Consultant Kenneth Frank, Night Sky Network Administrator Suzy Gurton, Astronomy Education Manager Mark Huber, Director of Advancement Anna Hurst, Astronomy Educator T.J. Mahoney, LATEX Consultant (Spain) Cindy Moody, Conference Series Editorial Assistant J. Ward Moody, Conference Series Managing Editor Pablo Nelson, Project Coordinator, Astronomy from the Ground Up Leslie Proudfit, Senior Designer/Webmaster Charlene Quach-Thai, Membership Coordinator Jeremy Roper, Conference Series E-books Specialist Lisa Roper, Publication Manager Albert Silva, Executive Assistant/Office Administrator Paula Szkody, PASP Editor Perry Tankeh, Accounting Manager Vivian White, Project Coordinator, Bay Area Project ASTRO

ASP Board of Directors
Bruce Partridge (President), Haverford College Lynne Hillenbrand (Vice President), California Institute of Technology Mary Kay Hemenway (Secretary), University of Texas, Austin Eugene Epstein (Treasurer) James B. Kaler (Past President), University of Illinois, UrbanaChampaign James G. Manning (Executive Director) Other Board Members Daniel R. Altschuler, University of Puerto Rico David Black, USRA Douglas Brown, Fremont Peak Observatory Association Edna DeVore, SETI Institute Michael G. Gibbs, Capitol College William Gutsch, Great Ideas Judy Kass, AAAS Cathy Langridge, Levi Strauss & Co. Donald McCarthy, University of Arizona Sandra Preston, University of Texas at Austin

Logistics Committee
Cinndy Hart, Hart Event Marketing Mark Huber, ASP James Manning, ASP Leslie Proudfit, ASP Albert Silva, ASP

ASP Staff
James G. Manning, Executive Director ZoÊ Ames, Education Coordinator Jonathan Barnes, Conference Series Associate Managing Editor Jared Bellows, Conference Series Technical Consultant Marni Berendsen, Education Project Coordinator, Night Sky Network
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Acknowledgements
Support and Sponsorship
The following organizations have contributed significant support to the success of this conference.

Spitzer Science Center
u

SETI Institute NASA Lunar Science Institute
u

NASA Science Mission Directorate NRAO California Space Grant Consortium
u

Northrop Grumman · Sky-Skan · University of Chicago Press
u

Ball Aerospace Technologies · Capitol College
u

Astronomical Association of Northern California · Explore Scientific · MWT Associates, Inc. · Seiler Instruments

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General Daily Schedule
Sunday, September 13, 2009 1:00 p.m. 5:30 p.m. 6:30 p.m. SETI SUNDAY: A SETI Institute Speakers Series Annual Members Meeting Welcome Reception

Monday, September 14, 2009 7:00 a.m. 7:00 a.m. 8:00 a.m. 9:30 a.m. 10:15 a.m. 10:45 a.m. 11:30 a.m. 1:30 p.m. 3:00 p.m. 3:30 p.m. 5:15 p.m. 7:30 p.m. Conference Registration Desk Opens Continental Breakfast served in the Redwood Ballroom Opening Remarks and Keynote Address Interactive Poster Presentations (1 minute talks) for posters 1­30 in Sequoia Ballroom Exhibit and Poster Hall Opens (Redwood Ballroom) Break/Poster and Exhibit viewing Parallel Sessions: 10-Minute Orals and 45-Minute Sessions Lunch (on your own) Interactive Plenary Panel Session: Collaboration Across the Sciences: How Can We Improve Our Practice and Prepare the Future Workforce? Break/Poster and Exhibit viewing Parallel Sessions: 90-Minute Sessions NASA Town Hall Meeting Public Talk by Dr. John M. Grunsfeld, NASA astronaut and astrophysicist

Tuesday, September 15, 2009 7:00 a.m. 7:00 a.m. 8:00 a.m. 9:30 a.m. 10:15 a.m. 10:45 a.m. 11:30 a.m. Conference Registration Desk Opens Continental Breakfast served in the Redwood Ballroom Interactive Plenary Panel Session: International Year of Astronomy: Can We Keep the Party Going? Interactive Poster Presentations (1 minute talks) for posters 31­58 in Sequoia Ballroom Exhibit and Poster Hall Opens (Redwood Ballroom) Break/Poster and Exhibit viewing Parallel Sessions: 10-Minute Orals and 45-Minute Sessions Lunch (on your own)

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General Daily Schedule
1:30 p.m. 3:00 p.m. 3:30 p.m. 4:15 p.m. 4:30 p.m. 6:30 p.m. Interactive Plenary Panel Session: Refining Our Practice: Can We Really Make an Impact? Break/Poster and Exhibit viewing Parallel Sessions: 45-Minute Sessions and 90-Minute Sessions (Part 1) Break/Poster and Exhibit viewing Parallel Sessions: 45-Minute Sessions and 90-Minute Sessions (Part 2) Awards Banquet

Wednesday, September 16, 2009 7:00 a.m. 7:00 a.m. 8:00 a.m. 9:30 a.m. 10:15 a.m. 10:45 a.m. 11:30 a.m. 1:30 p.m. 3:00 p.m. 3:30 p.m. Conference Registration Desk Opens Continental Breakfast served in the Redwood Ballroom Interactive Plenary Panel Session: The Future is Here: Can EPO Navigate the Digital Age? Parallel Sessions: 45-Minute Sessions Break/Poster and Exhibit viewing Parallel Sessions: 10-Minute Orals and 45-Minute Sessions Lunch (on your own) Parallel Sessions: 90-Minute Sessions Break/Poster and Exhibit viewing Concluding Plenary Session: Rapporteurs and Final Remarks

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Conference Map

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DETAILED SCHEDULE BY DAY
MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 2009 · SESSIONS LISTED BY SENIOR PRESENTER
SEQUOIA 7:00 Breakfast Opening Remarks & Keynote Session 1-minute Poster Presentations (Posters 1­30) Break, Poster & Exhibit Viewing Session Chair: Gibbs Granger: Comparing the Efficacy of Reform-Based and Traditional/Verification Curricula to Support Student Learning About Space Science [RP] Rudolph: A National Study Assessing the Teaching and Learning of Introductory Astronomy Part I: The Effect of Interactive Instruction [RP] Walters: NASA/Capitol College Space Operations Institute Project: A Problem Based Learning Approach [RP] Cobb: Astronomy in the Classroom for Mature Lifelong Learners [RP] Sharma: Successful E/PO Strategies for Engaging Girls and Young Women in Astronomy [RP] Session Chair: Steinberg Squires: Leveraging New Media Technology to Reveal the Hidden Universe [BF] Wyatt: Fragile Planet and a Cosmological Perspective on Environmental Issues [BF] Manning: ASP: Gearing Up for the Next 120 [BF] Ratcliffe: Visualization and Its Educational Implications in the Modern Planetarium [BF] Session Chair: Fraknoi Fienberg: The Galileoscope: Gateway to a Lifelong Interest in Astronomy [IYA] Garcia: Astronomy Education in Rapa Nui [IYA] Pantoja: The International Year of Astronomy in Puerto Rico: Progress Report [IYA] Simmons: Astronomers Without Borders: Taking IYA2009 into the Future [IYA] 8:00 ­ 9:30 9:30 ­ 10:15 10:15 ­ 10:45 REDWOOD POPLAR LAUREL OAK HICKORY HAWTHORNE BF = Bridging to the Future IYA = Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy

Key to Conference Strands

RP = Refining Our Practice YS = Connecting the Sciences in the Year of Science CYPRESS

ASPEN

OTHER

Registration Desk Open

10:45 ­ 11:30 10-minute orals 45-minute sessions

Berglund: Using Free, Open Source Stellarium Software During IYA [IYA]

Alena: Windows on the Weather -- View the weather from various locations across the country using a network of live webcams superimposed upon a satellite image [ YS]

11:30 ­ 1:30 1:30 ­ 3:00 Interactive Plenary Panel Session Interactive Plenary Panel Session: Collaboration Across the Sciences: How Can We Improve Our Practice and Prepare the Future Workforce? Break, Poster & Exhibit Viewing Hooper: Learning to Become a More Effective Research or Learning Project Mentor [RP] NASA Town Hall Meeting Public Talk by Dr. John M. Grunsfeld, NASA Richman: Fertile Ground for Astronomy in National Parks [BF] Mendez: The Spectrum of Citizen Science Projects in Astronomy and Space Science [BF] Stimmer: Science in School and Afterschool: Making the Equity Connection [BF] Walker: Building on IYA: The Dark Skies Awareness Program [IYA]

Lunch on your own

3:00 ­ 3:30

3:30 ­ 5:00 90-min sessions

Fraknoi: Pseudoscience Across the Disciplines: How Different Sciences Respond [ YS]

5:00 5:15 ­ 7:00 7:30

Adjourn

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10
Key to Conference Strands BF = Bridging to the Future IYA = Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy OAK HICKORY HAWTHORNE CYPRESS ASPEN OTHER Registration Desk Open RP = Refining Our Practice YS = Connecting the Sciences in the Year of Science REDWOOD Breakfast POPLAR LAUREL Break, Poster & Exhibit Viewing van der Veen: Planck Visualization Project: Seeing and Hearing the Cosmic Microwave Background [BF] Session Chair: Daou Porro: After-School Astronomy from the Basement to the Roof Top! [BF] Chou: David Dunlap Observatory -- Back to the Future [BF] Hollow: Building Educational Programs for the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder [BF] Smith: The Promise of the Webb Space Telescope [BF] Session Chair: Bartolone Bartolone: Resources for IYA and Beyond from NASA's Interstellar Boundary Explorer Mission [IYA] Hasan: IYA2009 NASA Programs: Mid year status [IYA] Lowes: NASA Solar System Observation and Exploration in the IYA [IYA] Summers: Reaching New Audiences Through Libraries: Impact of the IYA Traveling Exhibit " Visions of the Universe" [IYA] Heatherly: Challenges of Radio Astronomy Outreach -- Panel Session [RP] Thieman: Sun-Earth Days -- A 10-year Cycle of Reaching a Wide and Diverse Audience of Millions [ YS] Lunch on your own Break, Poster & Exhibit Viewing Dusenbery: Exhibit Development from A to Z [RP] Break, Poster & Exhibit Viewing Partridge: Lessons Learned from a Consortium of Small Astronomy Departments [RP] Dusenbery: Exhibit Development (continued) Schultz: Teaching & Learning with a NASA-Sponsored GEMS Space Science Curriculum [RP] Heyer: The Mauna Kea Observatories Outreach Committee Brings Astronomy to the Hawaiian Public [IYA] Pompea: International Year of Astronomy 2009 Cornerstone Projects (continued) Hurst: Natural Science in a Natural Setting -- A Discussion on EPO in our Nation's Parks (continued) Adjourn Awards Banquet Erickson: Integrating Science and Literacy to Teach About the Solar System [RP] Gurton: Starting a Project ASTRO in Your Area is Easier than You Think [RP] Pompea: IYA 2009 Cornerstone Projects: What's Available for You [IYA] Hurst: Natural Science in a Natural Setting -- A Discussion on EPO in our Nation's Parks [RP]

DETAILED SCHEDULE BY DAY

TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 2009 · SESSIONS LISTED BY SENIOR PRESENTER

SEQUOIA

7:00

8:00 ­ 9:30 Interactive Plenary Panel Session

Interactive Plenary Panel Session: International Year of Astronomy: Can We Keep the Party Going?

9:30 ­ 10:15

1-minute Poster Presentations (Posters 31­58)

10:15 ­ 10:45

10:45 ­ 11:30 10-minute orals 45-minute sessions

Session Chair: Prather Smecker-Hane: Beyond Outreach: Expanding the UCI Astronomy Outreach Program [RP] Kohlmiller: Using Magic to Teach Science [RP] Hemenway: Lessons Learned from the "Age of the Milky Way" Workshop Evaluation [RP] Lubowich: Music and Astronomy Under the Stars -- 2009 [IYA]

11:30 ­ 1:30

1:30 ­ 3:00 Interactive Plenary Panel Session:

Interactive Plenary Panel Session: Refining Our Practice: Can We Really Make an Impact?

3:00 ­ 3:30

3:30 ­ 4:15 45-minute sessions 90-minute sessions (Part 1)

4:15 ­ 4:30

4:30 ­ 5:15 45-minute sessions 90-minute sessions (Part 2)

5:00

Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program

6:30


DETAILED SCHEDULE BY DAY
WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2009 · SESSIONS LISTED BY SENIOR PRESENTER
SEQUOIA 7:00 Breakfast Interactive Plenary Panel Session: The Future is Here: Can EPO Navigate the Digital Age? Scalice: Crossroads and Connections: An Evolving Relationship between NASA and the Navajo Nation [RP] Break, Poster & Exhibit Viewing Session Chair: Peticolas Arcand: Aesthetics & Astronomy [RP] Hurt: Visual/ Narrative Synergy for Communicating Technical Concepts [RP] North: Herschel and Planck: Interactive Outreach Activities in the UK [RP] Dussault: The "Black Holes" Traveling Museum Exhibition: Educational Innovations, Challenges, and Preliminary Findings [RP] Shupla: Maximizing K­12 Science Impact: Working with Teacher Preparation Faculty [RP] Session Chair: Foster Norsted: Take Me Out to the Ball Game -- Science Outreach to Non-traditional Audiences [RP] Prather: The Center for Astronomy Education (CAE) Ushers in a New Community-Based Model for Astronomy Education Research [RP] Gibbs: Capitol College Center for Space Science EPO: Providing STEM Education [RP] Van Doren: Principles of Inquiry: Using interactive notebooks in formal education programs [RP] McLain: Polar-SIM Hydrobot Explorer: Experience the Thrill of Piloting a Hydrobot Under the Ice in Antarctica [ YS] Berendsen: Understanding and Supporting a Culture of Public Outreach in Amateur Organizations [BF] SubbaRao: Building Museum University Partnerships [RP] Watzke: "From Earth to the Universe": A Worldwide Exhibition of Astronomical Images [IYA] 8:00 ­ 9:30 Interactive Plenary Panel Session 9:30 ­ 10:15 45-minute sessions REDWOOD POPLAR LAUREL OAK HICKORY HAWTHORNE BF = Bridging to the Future IYA = Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy

Key to Conference Strands

RP = Refining Our Practice YS = Connecting the Sciences in the Year of Science CYPRESS

ASPEN

OTHER

Registration Desk Open

Gould: Transits, Binaries, and HandsOn Universe [IYA]

Kang: Panelist poster viewing in advance of 1:30 session on Remote Data Acquisition for Education Use

10:15 ­ 10:45 10:45 ­ 11:30 10-minute orals 45-minute sessions

DeVore: Kepler Mission: Lessons Learned from Teacher Professional Development Workshops [RP]

Kang: Panelist poster viewing in advance of 1:30 session on Remote Data Acquisition for Education Use

11:30 ­ 1:30 1:30 ­ 3:00 90-minute sessions Steinberg: Partnerships with EPO Programs of NSF Research Centers [ YS] Landsberg: WorldWide Telescope & GoogleSky New Technologies to Engage Students & the Public [BF] Schatz: Developing Scientists as Effective Communicators with Public Audiences [RP] Mattson: Science Journalism: Using Science Literacy to Teach Fundamental Science [RP] Sparks: Building on IYA: The Galileoscope Program [IYA]

Lunch on your own

Kang: Remote Data Acquisition Access and Issues for Research and Educational Use by Students, Teachers, and Amateur Astronomers [BF] Break, Poster & Exhibit Viewing

3:00 ­ 3:30 3:30 ­ 5:00 Concluding Plenary Session: 5:00 Concluding Plenary Session: Rapporteurs and Final Remarks

Adjourn

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Exhibits ­ Redwood Ballroom
The following will be exhibiting during the conference in the Redwood Ballroom. Please be sure to stop by during exhibit hours.

Exhibit Hours:
Sunday, September 13 Monday, September 14 Tuesday, September 15 Wednesday, September 16 6:30 7:00 7:00 7:00 p.m. a.m. a.m. a.m. to to to to 9:00 5:00 5:00 5:00 p.m. Welcome Reception p.m. p.m. p.m.

Astronomical Society of the Pacific
The ASP's numerous education and outreach programs include: Project ASTRO, the Universe in the Classroom teacher's newsletter, The NASA Night Sky Network, Astronomy From the Ground UP, Family ASTRO, Cosmos in the Classroom symposia, and the SOFIA Education and Public Outreach program. Your membership in the ASP is the first step to support the one organization whose primary mission is to advance science literacy through engagement in astronomy for students of all ages. Come visit us to learn about our latest education programs and find out how, beyond membership, you can partner with us.

Digitalis Education Solutions, Inc
Digitarium® digital planetarium systems for portable or fixed domes make teaching astronomy easy, fun, and engaging for all ages. Set up a Digitarium® system and Digitalis inflatable dome in a gym for an instant planetarium that captivates your audiences. · Simulate the sky from anywhere on Earth or from other planets and moons. · Demonstrate annual motion, including displaying planet trails. · Zoom in on and label anything in the sky. · Show constellations from several cultures. · Create prerecorded segments/shows using the scripting feature. · Display images or videos from a DVD or USB pen drive. · Play third-party fulldome video shows with surround sound support. · And much, much more. Come see a Digitarium® system in action.

Music and Astronomy Under the Stars
Music and Astronomy Under the Stars is a NASA-funded astronomy outreach program that will take place from 2009 through 2011 at fifty parks before, during, and after outdoor concerts, movies, and theatre events. Combining outdoor cultural events with astronomy assures an audience of people who have made a commitment to be outside at night for several hours. Telescopes, posters (including Visions of the Universe), and a video program are used to present astronomy information to enhance the public appreciation of astronomy. Because 600 to 60,000 people attend each event, and 30% to 60% of the audience comes to the astronomy outreach programs, more than 120,000 people will be exposed to telescopes and astronomy information. On July 28 of this year, 16,000 people attended a Tanglewood Music Festival (summer home of the Boston Symphony and Boston Pops Orchestras) concert and 5,000 people came to our star party. Next year, 60,000 people are expected to attend the New York Philharmonic Concert in the Park on Long Island. In 2010, this program will be expanded to include other outdoor events such as community festivals, state and local fairs, amusement parks, and sporting events. This project is funded by NASA grant NNX09AD53G.

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Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program


Exhibits ­ Redwood Ballroom
NASA's Kepler Mission
Kepler is the first NASA Mission capable of discovering Earth-size planets in the habitable zone of distant stars. Launched in March 2009, Kepler uses transit photometry to seek evidence of exo-planets; it will observe for at least 3.5 years. Kepler is focused on a large field of view in the Cygnus/Lyra, observing at least 100,000 stars simultaneously. The exhibit features a transiting planet model and touch-screen planetary system game. Free lithographs, mission fact sheets, bookmarks and educational posters are available at the exhibit. Sample educational activities will be on display. Be sure to attend the SETI Sunday, on the afternoon of September 13, to hear Dr. Douglas Caldwell present Finding a Home for ET: The Kepler.

Oceanside Photo & Telescope
Oceanside Photo & Telescope is one of the largest dealers of astronomical equipment in the world. It has been our pleasure to help hundreds of schools, universities, organizations, and scientific institutions choose and purchase everything from one or two small telescopes to fully tricked out observatories. Our knowledge, expertise, and customer service are unrivaled in the industry. Our exhibit will introduce the attendees of the ASP 2009 Meeting to our company and show them the many reasons why OPT would make a good partner the next time they are in the market for astronomical equipment.

Orbys Inc.
Orbys Inc. presents the Spica Telescope Kit, an easy-to-assemble telescope kit in collaboration with the IYA 2009 Galileoscope Project. Designed for ages of 9 years and up, model Spica is for the young and elder alike. Put your own telescope kit together as the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei did 400 years ago. Enjoy observing the craters of the Moon after merely one hour of hand-crafting with no special tools, just some glue, Scotch tape and a pair of scissors. Spica is the most inexpensive telescope with which you can see the rings of Saturn! Spica sports an achromatic primary lens which reduces chromatic aberration and is threaded for a standard photo or video tripod. All parts are manufactured in Japan. Using cardboard for the optical tube and minimum packaging of mostly recyclable materials, Spica is designed and manufactured with the environment in mind. Over the last 25 years, Spica has been adopted by schools, science museums and the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan with standing ovations for its performance.

SETI
Meet Dr. Cynthia Phillips, researcher and author, who will be signing free copies of Space Exploration for Dummies (2009) on Monday, September 14 (limited quantity). Learn about the SETI Institute's scientific researchers, its education and outreach programs, and TeamSETI membership opportunities. Display materials include curriculum, books, sample publications, and informational brochures. The SETI Institute's mission is to explore, understand and explain the origin, nature and prevalence of life in the universe.

Sky-Skan
In 1967, Sky-Skan began creating unique special effects projectors for planetariums. In the 1980s, SPICE Automation products synchronized shows for planetariums and large-format film theaters. In the late 1990s, SkyVision sparked a digital revolution bringing fulldome video to planetariums. Today, advances in hardware and DigitalSky 2 software have resulted in Definiti, a fulldome digital theater system capable of real-time astronomy shows in addition to other sciences, entertainment, and art. Definiti theaters include Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum, University of Notre Dame, `Imiloa Planetarium (Definiti 3D: world's first 3D stereo planetarium), Horizon Planetarium (Australia), and the Queen Mary 2.

SOFIA
The Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) will be a remarkable EPO tool, with on-board facilities designed to support educators, journalists and other guests on research flights in close proximity to science as it really happens. Visit our booth to find out more about the program and to view IR demonstrations.

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Special Events
Sunday September 13
ASP Members Meeting Oak Room 5:30 ­ 6:15 p.m.
Free to all ASP Members. No registration to the ASP Conference is necessary.

Welcome Reception Westin Ballroom 6:30 ­ 8:00 p.m.
Conference attendees are invited to our opening reception at the hotel featuring a preview of our exhibitors and lots of food.

Inspire Me! film with Brad McLain of the Space Science Institute Westin Ballroom 8:00 ­ 9:00 p.m.
Join us for a showing of Inspire Me!, from Brad McLain of the Space Science Institute following the adventures of a group of teachers experiencing the weightless "flights of discovery" program.

Monday September 14
NASA Town Hall Meeting 5:15 ­ 7:00 pm Sequoia Ballroom
The NASA Science Mission Directorate will host a NASA Town Hall, hosted by SMD EPO Lead Stephanie Stockman, to include information on its new Science Education and Public Outreach Forums (SEPOFs).

Public Talk by Dr. John M. Grunsfeld, NASA Rescuing Hubble: An Astronaut's Adventures in Space 7:30 pm Sequoia Ballroom
In May, 2009, NASA astronaut John Grunsfeld made his fifth space shuttle flight and third visit to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) as part of the STS-125 mission aboard shuttle Atlantis. During the mission, Dr. Grunsfeld performed three of the mission's five space walks that installed two new instruments, repaired two others, and outfitted the HST with new batteries, gyroscopes, fine guidance sensors and thermal blankets. Dr. Grunsfeld will share his and his crewmates' adventures in this final mission to the HST, offering his insights on the challenges and successes of the mission and what it means for the HST and our continued explorations of the universe. Dr. John Grunsfeld received his bachelor of science degree in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and his master of science and PhD. degrees in physics from the University of Chicago. Specializing in x-ray and gamma ray astronomy research, high­energy cosmic ray studies, and the development of new detectors and instrumentation, he held several academic positions including Senior Research Fellow at the California Institute of Technology prior to his selection as astronaut in 1992. Between 1995 and 2009, Dr. Grunsfeld flew five shuttle missions, including a 16-day mission of ultraviolet observations with the Astro observatory, the fifth mission to the Russian Mir space station, and three servicing missions to the Hubble Space Telescope, including the final servicing mission in 2009. He also served as NASA Chief Scientist in 2003­4. Dr. Grunsfeld has logged more than 58 days in space, and 58 hours and 30 minutes of extravehicular activity in eight space walks.
14 Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program


Special Events
2009 ASP Award Winners

Catherine Wolfe Bruce Gold Medal
Awarded since 1889 for a lifetime of outstanding research in astronomy

Klumpke-Roberts Award
For outstanding contributions to the public understanding and appreciation of astronomy

Frank Shu uuu Amateur Achievement Award
For significant observational or technical achievements by an amateur astronomer

Isabel Hawkins uuu Robert J. Trumpler Award
For a recent Ph.D. thesis considered unusually important to astronomy

Thomas Droege uuu Las Cumbres Amateur Outreach Award
For outstanding outreach by an amateur astronomer to children and the public

Kevin Bundy uuu Maria and Eric Muhlmann Award
For important research results based upon development of groundbreaking instruments and techniques

Carol Lee Lutsinger uuu Thomas J. Brennan Award
For exceptional achievement related to the teaching of astronomy at the high school level

Swift Mission Team

Ardis Herrold

Tuesday September 15
2009 ASP Awards Banquet Co-sponsored by California Space Grant Consortium and Capitol College Bayshore Ballroom 6:30 p.m. Reception followed by a Banquet at 7:30 p.m.
The ASP will present this year's awards at the Society's Annual Meeting Awards Banquet on Tuesday, September 15, 2009. The annual ASP awards recognize meritorious work by professional and amateur astronomers, science educators, and those who engage in public outreach. Advance purchased tickets are required to attend this event. Your ticket is included with your registration packet. If your prepurchased ticket is not in your packet, please visit the Registration Desk. Tickets will be available to purchase onsite until end of day September 14. The ASP cannot accept any refunds to this event.
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SETI Sunday Speakers
Dr. Douglas Caldwell
Kepler Mission Instrument Scientist Finding a Home for ET: The Kepler Mission Sunday September 13, 1:00 p.m. A decade ago, astronomers could only speculate about whether planets were a happy commonplace in the universe, or distressingly rare. The discovery of hundreds of worlds around other stars has shown that planets orbit at least 5 to 10 percent of all stars. But how many of these planets are Earthsize, and possibly Earth-like? Physicist Doug Caldwell is an expert on one of the most promising schemes for finding small worlds far beyond our solar system: looking for the slight dimming of a star caused when a planet crosses between it and us. Doug is also the Instrument Scientist for NASA's Kepler Mission, an ambitious, space borne telescope that will examine one hundred thousand stars for evidence of orbiting worlds. If Earth-size planets are common, Doug Caldwell will be among the first to know.

Dr. Seth Shostak
Senior Astronomer, SETI Institute The Real ET Sunday September 13, 1:55 p.m. Seth is the Senior Astronomer at the SETI Institute, in Mountain View, California. He has an undergraduate degree in physics from Princeton University, and a doctorate in astronomy from the California Institute of Technology. For much of his career, Seth conducted radio astronomy research on galaxies, and has published approximately sixty papers in professional journals. He has written several hundred popular magazine and Web articles on various topics in astronomy, technology, film and television. He lectures on astronomy and other subjects at Stanford and other venues in the Bay Area, and for the last six years, has been a Distinquished Speaker for the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. He is also Chair of the International Academy of Astronautics' SETI Permanent Study Group. Every week he hosts the SETI Institute's science radio show, "Are We Alone?" Seth has edited and contributed to a half dozen books. He has also been the principal author of four: "Sharing the Universe: Perspectives on Extraterrestrial Life, " "Life in the Universe" (textbook with Jeff Bennett), "Cosmic Company" (with Alex Barnett), and "Confessions of an Alien Hunter."

Dr. Margaret Race
Principal Investigator, Carl Sagan Center for the Study of Life in the Universe Discovering ET: What's Next? Sunday September 13, 3:00 p.m. Margaret Race is concerned with protecting the planets. Actually, protecting all the planets: but especially Earth and Mars. Her work focuses on the scientific, technical, legal and societal issues of ensuring that missions to the Red Planet and other solar system bodies do not either inadvertently bring terrestrial microbes along, which would complicate our search for indigenous extraterrestrial life, or return any uncontained microbes to Earth. Recently, she's done a research study on the environmental impact reviews and public communication associated with high-containment biosafety labs -- the type that will eventually be used for the quarantine of returned samples from Mars. Her interest in extraterrestrial organisms is linked closely to her long term ecological research on exotic and invasive species. She's also actively involved in education and public outreach about astrobiology. Since her early work with the Environmental Protection Agency as a Public Information Specialist, and her tenure at San Francisco television station KQED, Margaret has had a strong interest in the communication of science via the mass media. She especially likes to work with journalists and
16 Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program


SETI Sunday Speakers
educators as they develop materials about complex, controversial issues in space exploration and environmental protection. Her enthusiasm is infectious, and her work ensures that our spacecraft won't be.

Dr. Frank Drake
Director of the Carl Sagan Center for the Study of Life in the Universe Reflections on the Drake Equation Sunday September 13, 3:55 p.m. Frank Drake, who conducted the first modern SETI experiment in 1960, continues his life-long interest in the detection of extraterrestrial sentient life. He participates in an on-going search for optical signals of intelligent origin, carried out with colleagues from Lick Observatory and the University of California at Berkeley. Drake also continues to investigate radio telescope designs that optimize the chances of success for SETI (he proposed the plan used in the design of the Allen Telescope Array, based on some of his work of more than forty years ago.) He is also interested in the possibility that the very numerous red dwarf stars, stars that are much less bright than the Sun, might host habitable planets. In this regard, he has noted that the behavior of various objects in our own solar system -- in particular the resonances between their rotation and orbital periods -- when applied to some of the newly discovered extrasolar planets, strongly suggests that most planets orbiting red dwarfs will not keep one face towards their star, and thus are more likely to be habitable. If this is proven correct, it will increase by almost ten times the probable number of habitable planets in the Milky Way.

BE A PART OF THE 2009 INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF ASTRONOMY!

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Keynote Address
Monday, September 14 9:00 a.m. Sequoia Ballroom Science Since the Medicean Stars and the Beagle
Bruce Partridge, Haverford College Lynne Hillenbrand, California Institute of Technology David Grinspoon, Denver Museum of Nature and History

In 2009, the world celebrates both the International Year of Astronomy (IYA), commemorating the 400th anniversary of Galileo's first observations of the heavens with his telescope, and the 200th anniversary of the birth of Charles Darwin and the 150th anniversary of the publication of his Origin of Species, a key impetus for the 2009 Year of Science. In this keynote address, the three presenters (distinguished scientists themselves) will reflect on how these recent centuries of astronomical and scientific discovery have changed our perspectives about the universe, the natural world, and ourselves -- and underpin our education and public outreach efforts to help ensure continued scientific advance in the future. Bruce Partridge is the current president of the ASP. His bachelor's degree (in physics) is from Princeton and his D.Phil. from Oxford, where he was a Rhodes Scholar. In the past, he has served as president of the International Astronomical Union's division on cosmology and extragalactic science, and as Education Officer of the American Astronomical Society. His research interests lie in cosmology and radio astronomy. For more than 40 years, he has been measuring properties of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the remnant heat of the Big Bang. He is currently involved with the European Space Agency's Planck mission and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, both big projects investigating the properties of the CMB. Two of his books, 3K: The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation and Finding the Big Bang are devoted to the topic. He also uses the Very Large Array and other radio telescopes extensively (often with undergraduate research assistants). He has published nearly 200 scientific articles or review papers, about forty of them with undergrad coauthors. Lynne Hillenbrand is an associate professor of astronomy at the California Institute of Technology. She received degrees in astrophysics from Princeton University (A.B.) and in astronomy from the University of Massachusetts (Ph.D.). Her postdoctoral work was conducted at the University of California, Berkeley, and at Caltech where she then joined the faculty. Her teaching includes undergraduate and graduate instruction as well as the research mentoring of undergraduate students, graduate students, and postdoctoral associates. Hillenbrand's research in the field of star and planet formation centers on studies of young stellar populations and the gas- and dust-rich circumstellar disks that surround them. In addition to the ASP Board of Directors, she has served on advisory committees for the National Research Council, the National Science Foundation, NASA, the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, and various other science steering committees, users groups, telescope allocation committees, scientific organizing committees, and funding peer reviews. David Grinspoon is a planetary scientist specializing in the evolution of planetary surfaces, atmospheres and habitability. He is Curator of Astrobiology at the Denver Museum of Nature & Science, and Adjunct Professor of Astrophysical and Planetary Science at the University of Colorado. He is lead scientist for astrobiology on an instrument that will fly on NASA's next Mars rover, and is Interdisciplinary Scientist for Climate Studies on Venus Express, the European Space Agency's spacecraft. Grinspoon was awarded the 2006 Carl Sagan Medal for Public Communication of Planetary Science by the American Astronomical Society. His latest book, Lonely Planets: The Natural Philosophy of Alien Life won the 2004 PEN Center USA Literary Award for Research Nonfiction. Grinspoon's popular writing has appeared in Slate, Scientific American, Natural History, The Sciences, Astronomy, Seed, the Boston Globe, the Los Angeles Times, the New York Times and Sky & Telescope. Grinspoon holds degrees in Philosophy of Science and Planetary Science from Brown University and a doctorate in Planetary Sciences from the University of Arizona.
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Plenary Panel Sessions
Collaboration Across the Sciences: How Can We Improve Our Practice and Prepare the Future Workforce?
Monday September 14 1:30 ­ 3:00 p.m. Sequoia Ballroom
David Grinspoon, Denver Museum of Nature and Science, moderator Emily CoBabe-Ammann, Emily A. CoBabe & Associates, panelist Pamela Harman, SETI Institute, panelist Edward E. Prather, Center for Astronomy Education, University of Arizona, panelist

In the pursuit of scientific knowledge, not only do techniques and instrumentation continually change, the quality of questions being asked also evolves. Age old questions such as "are we alone?" as well as new problems such as global climate change require multi/interdisciplinary perspectives and collaboration, pushing scientists to explore between the specializations. What skills will our students need to function in this emerging paradigm? How should our work as EPO practitioners reflect this when so much of the educational landscape is mired in specialized, standardized testing? Are there benefits and tradeoffs in contextualized learning? What are lessons learned so far? Think about it and come share. Session Goals: · · · · Introduce the growing multi-disciplinary nature of science. Provide a framework for general EPO sessions later in conference. Discuss educational theory as needed. Elicit ideas for professional development of EPO professionals.

David Grinspoon is a planetary scientist specializing in the evolution of planetary surfaces, atmospheres and habitability. He is Curator of Astrobiology at the Denver Museum of Nature & Science, and Adjunct Professor of Astrophysical and Planetary Science at the University of Colorado. David is author of Venus Revealed and the award-winning Lonely Planets: The Natural Philosophy of Alien Life. He was awarded the 2006 Carl Sagan Medal for Public Communication of Planetary Science by the American Astronomical Society. Emily CoBabe-Ammann is Executive Director of Emily A. CoBabe & Associates, a non-profit education management and consulting group. She is currently the higher education lead for two NASA Science Mission Directorate Science Education and Public Outreach Forums, as well as co-investigator on the CU-Boulder-based Colorado Center for Lunar Dust and Atmospheric Studies, a NASA Lunar Science Institute node. She has recently appeared before the NRC Panel on Meeting the Workforce Needs for the National Vision for Space Exploration. Pamela Harman is the Education and Outreach Manager at the SETI Institute, where she combines her background in engineering and high school classroom teaching. Pamela leads the Astrobiology Summer Science Experience for Teachers (ASSET) at the SETI Institute, has served on a county-wide biotech education steering committee, and written and piloted material for the Voyages Through Time science curriculum. Her contributions to professional development workshops and short courses reflect a passion for research on learning and education standards. Edward E. Prather is an Associate Staff Scientist with Steward Observatory and Senior Lecturer in the Department of Astronomy at the University of Arizona. He is Executive Director of the NASA and NSF funded Center for Astronomy Education (CAE) at the University of Arizona. CAE has created a national collaboration of astronomy faculty, post-docs, graduate and undergrad students who are actively engaged in conducting fundamental research on core issues related to the teaching and learning of Astro-101 and other STEM topics.

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Plenary Panel Sessions
International Year of Astronomy: Can We Keep the Party Going?
Tuesday September 15 8:00 ­ 9:30 a.m. Sequoia Ballroom
Paul Knappenberger, Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum, moderator Doris Daou, NASA Lunar Science Institute, panelist Stephen Pompea, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, panelist Deborah Scherrer, Stanford University, panelist

The International Year of Astronomy has fostered significant grass-roots efforts on the part of the EPO, science, and amateur communities in spite of paralleling the worst economic crisis in decades. Is it over on December 31? Did we "win?" What have we learned from IYA and other international years? Can we keep the momentum going? How do we keep the momentum going? How do we assess the effort and the results? What worked and what didn't? How do we keep astronomy education and outreach relevant in an age of foreclosures and job layoffs? WWGD? ("What would Galileo do?") Join the discussion as we look forward. Session Goals: · · · · Keeping the IYA momentum high. Provide a framework for later IYA sessions. Begin to conceptualize IYA's legacy in 2010 and beyond. Begin the reflection on IYA to inform later EPO efforts.

Paul Knappenberger is President of Adler Planetarium & Astronomy Museum in Chicago, America's first planetarium and home of the Telescopes: Through the Looking Glass exhibition celebrating the 400th anniversary of the telescope. He currently chairs the Chicago Council for Science and Technology, has served as President of the Association of ScienceTechnology Centers, and has led numerous efforts to develop science and math exhibits and to create educational activities for elementary and secondary schools over the past 35 years. Doris Daou is the Director of Communication and Outreach for the NASA Lunar Science Institute at the Ames Research Center. In this role, Doris developed and led a multi-institution collaboration to bring the International Year of Astronomy From Earth to the Universe exhibition to the Bay Area. She has served as a Program Officer in NASA's Science Mission Directorate, and is a co-author of the internationally praised tactile multi-wavelength astronomy book Touch the Invisible Sky. Stephen Pompea is Manager of Science Education at the National Optical Astronomy Observatory in Tucson, and the U.S. project director for the International Year of Astronomy 2009. He has been principal investigator or co-investigator on eight major NSF-funded national science education projects, and is also an adjunct faculty member at the Universities of Arizona and Arkansas. His latest project is the Galileoscope­a high-quality, low-cost telescope kit developed for the International Year of Astronomy. Deborah Scherrer is the Director of the Stanford SOLAR Center, the education and public outreach arm for the Solar Observatories Group at Stanford University. She has been involved in an International Heliophysical Year (IHY) project that has placed about 300 solar monitoring instruments in high schools worldwide. Deborah has served as the chair of the American Geophysical Union's Space Physics and Aeronomy Education and Public Outreach Committee, which also held the function of USA Advisory Committee to the IHY.

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Plenary Panel Sessions
Refining Our Practice: Can We Really Make an Impact?
Tuesday September 15 1:30 ­ 3:00 p.m. Sequoia Ballroom
Thomas Foster, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, moderator Mary Dussault, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, panelist Dennis Schatz, Pacific Science Center, panelist

EPO has made great leaps forward in the past decade, incorporating new technologies and reaching out to new audiences, all with an increased awareness of the need to measure and understand the effectiveness of our efforts. In an age of increasing accountability, how do we really know what impact we're having? What can we really assess, and how do we best to assess it? How can we find ways to evaluate formal and informal programs more effectively? Do we focus on content, or skills, or both? Can we really make a difference in science literacy? Can we strengthen our efforts with a more holistic, connected approach? How do we achieve that? Come share your perspectives with the panelists. Session Goals: · · · · Motivate awareness and necessity of assessment in EPO. Provide a framework for later EPO assessment sessions. Explicitly identifying the benefits and limitations of assessment data. Connecting program goals to assessments and delivery to assessment.

Thomas Foster is an Associate Professor of Physics at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, teaching all levels of physics courses, intro astronomy, and science education pre-service teachers courses. His research interests include human problem-solving, science education validity, reliability, and ethics. Tom serves on the AER Board of Editors and has been on numerous American Association of Physics Teacher committees. He is very active in Illinois teacher associations and individually with formal educators in the region. Dennis Schatz is Senior Vice President at Pacific Science Center in Seattle, Washington. He provides leadership for a number of Pacific Science Center's major initiatives, including Washington State LASER and Portal to the Public. Dennis recently served on the National Research Council's Expert Oversight Panel to assist in the development of the practitioner's book Surrounded by Science: Learning Science in Informal Environments. He has received numerous honors, including the National Science Teachers Association 2009 Faraday Science Communicator Award. Mar y Dussault is a science education program manager at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) where she directs a number of national astronomy and physical science education projects. Through her exhibition and curriculum development work at the CfA, and her prior work at Boston's Museum of Science, Mary has over 25 years of experience researching and developing inquiry-based science learning experiences for a variety of settings: informal education environments, for the classroom, and for teacher professional development programs.

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Plenary Panel Sessions
The Future is Here: Can EPO Navigate the Digital Age?
Wednesday September 16 8:00 ­ 9:30 a.m. Sequoia Ballroom
Stephanie Shipp, Lunar and Planetary Institute, moderator Nancy Dribin, Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum, panelist Pamela Gay, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, panelist Stephanie Stockman, NASA Science Mission Directorate, panelist

We're not in our parent's world anymore -- we live in a world increasingly run by electrons and hand-held devices that inform, entertain, connect, and fragment our audiences into an infinite-number of special-interest groups with microscopic attention spans that form and reform for shorter periods of time. How does EPO evolve to match the new media and electronic realities? Is there still a place for storytelling, for laddered learning experiences, for traditional methods? How do we adapt? How do we rise to the new challenges of the new age? Text us about it -- but come in person and interact person-to-person as well! Session Goals: · Motivate EPO practice in the digital age. · Provide a framework for our EPO sessions using new technology. · Illuminate and discuss various tech-driven EPOs (Google Earth/Sky, Wikipedia, World Wide Telescope, Facebook, Twitter, Galaxy Zoo, SETI@Home). · Elicit ideas for professional development of EPO professionals. Stephanie Shipp is Manager of Education and Public Outreach at the Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI), and adjunct professor at Rice University. At LPI she oversees the design, development, and implementation of planetary science educational materials and programs for formal and informal educators and the general public. These programs increasingly involve integration of social media, including online forums, Facebook, Twitter, and Flickr as a means of establishing bi-directional communication with the intended audiences. Nancy Ross Dribin is the Director of Interactive Media at the Adler Planetarium. She has over fourteen years of experience developing interactive media resources and programs for use in educational settings, including the EDC Center for Children and Technology, Shedd Aquarium, and Chicago History Museum. She currently oversees all new media projects at the Adler, including the popular technology camp programs, podcast series, social media initiatives, evaluation of exhibition multimedia interactives, and the ongoing redesign of the Adler website. Pamela Gay is visiting assistant professor of physics at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, where she teaches introductory astronomy and physics, and instructor at the University of Swinburne in Australia as part of its astronomy distance learning program. She is on the Council of the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) and chairs its education committee. Pamela is one of the cofounders of the podcast Slacker Astronomy, currently serves as cohost of the Astronomy Cast podcast, and is co-chair of US "new media" efforts for the International Year of Astronomy. Stephanie Stockman is the Education and Public Outreach Lead for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, and brings to that position a background in geology and science education. She started working at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center as a geology graduate student, and by 1997 was the Education Coordinator for the Laboratory for Terrestrial Physics. She has developed and implemented education and outreach programs for a variety of NASA missions in Earth and space science including Landsat 7 (land remote sensing), EOS Aura (atmospheric chemistry), MESSENGER (mission to Mercury), New Horizons (mission to Pluto) and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO).

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Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program


PROGRAM

Conference Strands/Poster Codes
Bridging to the Future [BF] Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy [IYA] Refining Our Practice [RP] Connecting the Sciences in the Year of Science [ YS]

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Monday, September 14, 2009 · 10:45 - 11:30 a.m.
Monday AM 10-Minute Orals
Time: 10:45 a.m. ­ 11:30 a.m. Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Sequoia Astronomy in the Classroom for Mature Lifelong Learners
Bethany Cobb, University of California, Berkeley, bcobb@astro.berkeley.edu
Mature adults are sometimes underserved by the professional astronomical community, which often focuses on K­12/undergraduate education and outreach. Mature adults hold as much interest and enthusiasm for astronomy as their younger cohorts, but often face a greater challenge in obtaining access to adult-level information that is more structured than sporadic public lectures or the occasional popular-science article. I present here my efforts to bring astronomy classes to the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute (OLLI) at UC Berkeley. There are over 120 OLLIs on university and college campuses throughout the United States. These institutes provide adults, age 50 and above, with both a diverse curriculum of study and a stimulating community of peers. Teaching at OLLI has been a straightforward way so share astronomy with this segment of the publicoutreach that could be replicated by astronomers at other universities and colleges with associated OLLIs. The OLLI classroom can be challenging because of the wide range of student educational backgrounds. However, teaching at OLLI is extremely rewarding because mature adults bring to the classroom a vast array of life experiences, great curiosity and immense independence of thought. OLLI also provides the unique opportunity to inspire other non-traditional astronomy outreach activities by building partnerships both with professors in other disciplines and with the students themselves, as adult students often have the resources and connections to call upon to further explore and share astronomy outside the classroom. Session Outcomes: The participants will be informed about an astronomy outreach project developed specifically for adults age 50 and above, in association with the UC Berkeley arm of the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute (OLLI). They will hear about the challenges and rewards of teaching mature students in the classroom. They will also learn that there may be opportunities to teach astronomy at OLLI branches associated with their home university or college. low-cost, easy-to-assemble refractor kit called the Galileoscope. This 50mm-diameter, 25- to 50-power telescope can enable anyone to see the celestial wonders that Galileo first glimpsed 400 years ago and that still delight stargazers today, including lunar topography, Jupiter's moons, the phases of Venus, Saturn's rings, and countless stars invisible to the unaided eye. The telescope can be assembled in Galilean and Keplerian configurations and incorporates features such as achromatic optics and stray-light rejection. Session Outcomes: Participants will learn what the Galileoscope is, what it can show to the observer, how/where to buy one or more, how to assemble it, and how to use it both in the classroom and outdoors under the sky.

Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Hickory Hawthorne Astronomy Education in Rapa Nui
Ma. Antonieta Garcia, Gemini Observatory, agarcia@gemini.edu Carmen Gloria Jimenez, Univ. de Concepcion
When one considers the different approaches to bring astronomy into the local communities, it is essential to have in mind their history and their present. In Gemini Observatory, we are lucky to have successful programs in Hawai'i and in Chile where annually we benefit thousands of teachers and students. This year a great new cultural experience was planned. In a join adventure with Universidad de Concepcion and with the invitation from the Rapa Nui City Hall, we embarked in the first outreach and education in astronomy program in the beautiful Easter island. Our group learned from the local community and their ancesters knowledge and traditions as well as the students and teachers in the island.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Sequoia Comparing the Efficacy of Reform-Based and Traditional/ Verification Curricula to Support Student Learning About Space Science
Ellen Granger, Florida State University, granger@bio.fsu.edu T.H. Bevis, Florida State University; Y. Saka, Florida State University S.A. Southerland, Florida State University
This research explores the relationship between reform-based curriculum and the development of students' knowledge of and attitudes toward space science. Using a quasi-experimental design, the effectiveness of Great Exploration in Math and Science (GEMS) Space Science Curriculum Sequence was compared with the effectiveness of more traditional curriculum in supporting 4th and 5th grade students' learning of and attitudes toward space science. GEMS employed an inductive approach to content (learning cycle), explicit use of evidence, and attention to scientific inquiry. The comparison group experienced traditional, verification means of teaching. Randomization occurred at the level of the teacher assignment to treatment group (not at the student level). The sample included 32 treatment and 29 control teachers working with 1178 4th and 5th grade students. Students in the classrooms in which GEMS was employed demonstrated a statistically significant increase in content knowledge and attitudes toward space science: Students in classrooms in which the traditional curriculum was employed did not show these
Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program

Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Hickory Hawthorne The Galileoscope: Gateway to a Lifelong Interest in Astronomy
Richard Fienberg, American Astronomical Society, rick.fienberg@aas.org Stephen M. Pompea, NOAO Douglas N. Arion, Carthage College Thomas Smith, Merit Models Robert T. Sparks, NOAO
Nothing piques a child's interest in astronomy as effectively as looking through a telescope she built herself. As part of an International Year of Astronomy 2009 Cornerstone Project, we have developed a high-quality,

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Monday, September 14, 2009 · 10:45 - 11:30 a.m.
increases. The GEMS effect on student achievement was greater for students in classrooms in which the teacher experienced a greater increase in content knowledge. Session Outcomes: Presentation participants will: (1.) Learn about the results of a large (1,100+ student/61 teacher) study of the use of a reformbased curriculum to teach space science as compared to a traditional/ verification approach curriculum; (2.) Gain a better understanding of science education research generally; (3.) Learn about issues in science education research design and how to better assess science education research studies. of volunteer undergraduate students ("Starry Messengers") are assisting in the activities. In this presentation we summarize the achievements obtained up to August 2009 but also we will present a project plan for the rest of the 2009. The details of the Puerto Rico IYA events may be found at http://www.astronomypr.org

Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Laurel Visualization and Its Educational Implications in the Modern Planetarium
Martin Ratcliffe, Sky-Skan, Inc.
Visitors to many of today's planetariums can experience actual data from across the universe and traveling seamlessly from the surface of Earth to the edge of the visible universe. Such a magnificent visual context is a cultural shift in the way astronomy has been presented, yet offers significant challenges that require research. The visual representation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey conveys a universe centered on our galaxy. Traveling to the distant reaches of the universe in the virtual "world" of the immersive planetarium dome ignores the limit of travel to the speed of light. This paper will present some of the challenges faced in the modern planetarium and suggests topics for future formal education research.

Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Laurel ASP: Gearing Up for the Next 120
James Manning, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, jmanning@astrosociety.org
In 2009, the Astronomical Society of the Pacific celebrates 120 years of serving the cause of astronomy, with a membership of professional and amateur astronomers, educators, and interested public; professional and popular publications; and increasingly, a variety of education and professional development programs and dissemination networks serving our various constituencies. As the Society begins a new strategic planning phase and looks forward to the next 120 years of service, with a rearticulated mission ("Advancing science literacy through engagement in astronomy") and a continuing commitment to science, education and outreach, in which direction(s) shall it head? Session Outcomes: The audience will gain insight into ASP's future planning and will be surveyed for their input in the process.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Sequoia A National Study Assessing the Teaching and Learning of Introductor y Astronomy Part I: The Effect of Interactive Instruction
Alexander Rudolph, Cal Poly Pomona, alrudolph@csupomona.edu Edward E. Prather, University of Arizona Gina Brissenden, University of Arizona Wayne Schlingman, University of Arizona
We present the results of a national study on the teaching and learning of astronomy taught in general education, non-science major, introductory astronomy courses (Astro 101). Nearly 4000 students enrolled in 69 sections of Astro 101 taught at 31 institutions completed (pre- and postinstruction) the Light and Spectroscopy Concept Inventory (LSCI) from Fall 2006 to Fall 2007. The classes varied in size from very small (N<10) to large (N~180) and were from all types of institutions, including both 2-year and 4-year colleges and universities. To study how the instruction in different classrooms affected student learning, we developed and administered an Interactivity Assessment Instrument (IAI). This short survey, completed by instructors, allowed us to estimate the fraction of classroom time spent on learner-centered, active-engagement instruction such as Peer Instruction and collaborative tutorials. Pre-instruction LSCI scores were clustered around ~25% (24±2%), independent of class size and institution type; however, the gains measured varied from about (-)0.07-0.50. The distribution of gain scores with institution type and class size indicates that differences in gain were not due to these variables but rather were due to instruction in the classroom. Interactivity Assessment Scores (IAS's) ranged from 0%-50%, showing that our IAI was able to distinguishing between classes with higher and lower levels of interactivity. A comparison of class-averaged gain score to IAS showed that higher interactivity classes (IAS > 25%) were the only instructional environments capable of reaching the highest

Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Hickory Hawthorne The International Year of Astronomy in Puerto Rico: Progress Report
Carmen Pantoja, University of Puerto Rico, cpantoja@prw.net Mayra E. LebrÑn Santos, University of Puerto Rico Daniel R. Altschuler, University of Puerto Rico JosÈ L. Alonso, University of Puerto Rico
The IYA2009 inauguration in Puerto Rico was in January 2009. The local organizing committee includes members from the PR-NASA Space Grant Consortium, the Arecibo Observatory, the two astronomical amateur societies of the island, local private and public universities, local government agencies, and non-profit organizations interested in science education. The events are throughout the island, taking care to facilitate the participation of families and youth from economically disadvantaged communities. All the activities emphasize the value of personal effort in reaching your goals, the importance of mathematics in modern life and the development of scientific awareness. Aligned with the IYA2009 major goals and considering the particular needs of our community, we have selected 8 core activities for Puerto Rico. Three of them have been completed (Inauguration, Theatrical performance of "La Vida en Marte y otras Crueles Realidades", 40th Anniversary of the first human on the Moon), three of them are underway (Star parties, conference series, FETTU exhibition) and the other two are under plan for the fall 2009. A group

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Monday, September 14, 2009 · 10:45 - 11:30 a.m.
gains ( > 0.30). However, the range of gains seen for both groups of classes was quite wide, suggesting that the use of interactive learning strategies is not sufficient by itself to achieve high student gain. Session Outcomes: Participants will be exposed to research into Astronomy Education showing that Interactive Learning Strategies can substantially improve student learning in their Astro 101 classes.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Sequoia NASA/Capitol College Space Operations Institute Project: A Problem Based Learning Approach
Angela Walters, Capitol College, awalters@capitol-college.edu Dave Wagner, Capitol College Ken Dolan, Capitol College Michael Gibbs, Capitol College Julio Marius, NASA GSFC
This presentation describes the experiences and lessons learned during the formation of the NASA/Capitol College Space Operations Institute (SOI) partnership. The partnership works to advance the cause of not only improving science literacy, but directly encouraging and supporting students to enter careers in the STEM disciplines. Specifically, the SOI program conducts the following: Design, build, implement an Upgraded Ground System for the TOMS satellite; Transfer prime TOMS operations to the control center at Capitol College; Educate undergraduate students with the "right stuff " for future STEM employment; Support the Astronautical Engineering degree program; Implement the TRMM BMOC project. Session Outcomes: Specifically, this presentation will highlight the TOMS operation that was successfully transitioned to Capitol College and UGS in September of 2005 along with the TRMM BMOC successfully completed phase 1 development in January 2008. This analysis will occur from a pedagogical point of view highlighting how the SOI is a successful problem based learning environment.

Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Hickory Hawthorne Astronomers Without Borders: Taking IYA2009 Into the Future
Mike Simmons, Astronomers Without Borders, msimm@ucla.edu
Astronomers Without Borders (AWB) is a new global organizational that furthers understanding and goodwill across national and cultural boundaries using the universal appeal of astronomy, a common language spoken by all those who share an interest in the sky. A growing network of Affiliate organizations brings together clubs, magazines and other organizations involved in astronomy and space science. Forums, galleries, video conferences and more interactive technologies are used to connect participants from around the world. Projects include Sharing Telescopes and Resources (STAR), which gathers telescopes and other resources in developed countries and donates them to clubs in undeveloped countries. Session Outcomes: Attendees will learn of ways that Astronomers Without Borders will continue the legacy of IYA2009 and how some methods may be applied to other EPO programs. Insight will be gained into the new field of international cooperation in informal EPO and borderless, collaborative programs.

Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Laurel Leveraging New Media Technology to Reveal the Hidden Universe
Gordon Squires, Caltech/IPAC/Spitzer Science Center, squires@ipac.caltech.edu Robert Hurt, Caltech/IPAC/Spitzer Science Center Tim Pyle, Caltech/IPAC/Spitzer Science Center Jim Keller, Caltech/IPAC/Spitzer Science Center Carolyn Brinkworth, Caltech/IPAC/Spitzer Science Center Jacob Llamas, Caltech/IPAC/Spitzer Science Center
The Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC) at Caltech is the home to many long wavelength astronomy endeavors, including NASA's Spitzer Science Center, the NASA Herschel Science Center and the NASA/ IPAC Infrared Science Archive. Using data from these facilities, particular challenges exist to engage the public in the universe explored with the electromagnet spectrum beyond visible light. In this talk, I describe selected attempts we have made using new media opportunities to reveal this "Hidden Universe" including: celebrity vodcasts, a portal to the infrared universe leveraging the Astronomy Visualization Metadata standard, an online "Virtual Museum", Twitter, animated videos, and a classroom video podcast competition. Session Outcomes: Shared lessons-learned. Dialog and exchange of ideas for partnership opportunities with other facilities.
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Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Laurel Fragile Planet and a Cosmological Perspecive on Environmental Issues
Ryan Wyatt, California Academy of Sciences, rwyatt@calacademy.org
Earth inhabits a unique place in the Universe: we call it "home." With climate change and environmental issues playing an ever more central role in science centers, museums, and planetariums, astronomy educators might do well to consider how to frame such topics in a cosmological perspective. Does an understanding of Earth's place in the Universe change people's attitudes toward environmentalism and sustainability? Can a fulldome planetarium show, in the context of a world-class environmental institution, make audiences think differently about Earth?

Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program


Monday, September 14, 2009 · 10:45 - 11:30 a.m.
Monday AM 45-Minute Sessions
Time: 10:45 a.m. ­ 11:30 a.m. Conference Strand: Connecting the Sciences in the Year of Science Location: Aspen Windows on the Weather -- View the Weather from Various Locations Across the Countr y Using a Network of Live Webcams Superimposed upon a Current Satellite Image
Thomas Alena, Talcott Mountain Science Center, t.alena@comcast.net
In this session, we will run through a sample lesson of "Windows on the Weather", taking the participants on a virtual journey across the United States. This project makes use of a webpage designed at Talcott Mountain Science Center which overlays a current high-resolution weather satellite image of the United States speckled with numerous radio buttons, each accessing current webcams at locations throughout the U.S. This network of webcams was carefully selected to provide high-quality pictures from various locations, both urban and rural, that emphasize sky conditions. In this way, participants "see" what the weather is at these places and relate the ground view with that from the satellite. Session Outcomes: By using the "Windows on the Weather" lesson, students will be able to: 1) interpret weather satellite images and relate these images on a real-time basis to the weather they are experiencing at their location; 2) learn about cloud types and what weather they bring; 3) develop their US geography skills; and 4) learn about climate and the biomes it creates.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Poplar Successful E/PO Strategies for Engaging Girls and Young Women in Astronomy
Mangala Sharma, Origins Education Forum, STScI, mangalaandtom@yahoo.com Denise Smith, STScI Mar y Dussault, CfA Hashima Hasan, NASA-HQ
This mini workshop is geared toward participants -- both researchers and educators -- interested in sparking and supporting the interest of girls and young women in Earth and space sciences. Its prime focus is on strategies and lessons learned in creating resources and implementing activities that aim to achieve this goal. The workshop involves interactive discussions and mini-roundtables on the specifics of how to improve opportunities through formal (K­16) and informal education and public outreach programs. The emphasis is on drawing out successful strategies and why they have been successful, and on how E/PO program leaders can work together or use each others' programs and practices. Underlying the discussions will be connections with the IYA project "She is an Astronomer" as well as what we can learn from cross-disciplinary studies to encourage women's participation in STEM fields and careers. Mini-roundtables will feature E/PO practitioners who are directly involved with creating and implementing NASA-funded resources and activities to engage girls and young women in science. Discussions will be relevant to a wide range of E/PO programs funded by various agencies. Session Outcomes: Participants will: help encapsulate similarities and unique approaches among participants' resources, programs, and activities related to engaging, inspiring and educating women astronomy and Earth science through formal (K­16) and informal education programs; share lessons learned about how existing programs are accomplishing stated goals; identify successful strategies, good models and responsive practices informed by lessons learned; strategize how to better apply or modify such model programs or practices, keeping in mind limitations of available resources; network their existing projects or leverage existing programs to start something new to engage girls and young women in astronomy.

Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Cypress Using Free, Open Source Stellarium Software During IYA
Karrie Berglund, Digitalis Education Solutions, Inc., karrie@digitaliseducation.com
This session will present ideas and sample activities for using the free, open source planetarium software Stellarium on a desktop computer. We will focus our activities primarily on addressing the themes and goals of the International Year of Astronomy. Participants will receive information about the software itself as well as resources to help them use it effectively. Stellarium activities/demonstrations will include: · Light pollution's effects on the night sky. · Multicultural astronomy/legends from around the world. · Galileo's observations of Jupiter and the Galilean moons. · Simulating telescope views. · Using Stellarium to plan observation sessions. Session Outcomes: Participants will become aware of a free teaching resource that they can use for the remainder of IYA and beyond. They will be introduced to sample activities on several themes of IYA. Participants will share knowledge and ideas with each other that will (hopefully) give them a sense of how to use Stellarium software effectively.

Monday PM 90-Minute Sessions
Time: 3:30 p.m. ­ 5:00 p.m. Conference Strand: Connecting the Sciences in the Year of Science Location: Aspen Pseudoscience Across the Disciplines: How Different Sciences Respond
Andrew Fraknoi, Foothill College & ASP, fraknoiandrew@fhda.edu Eugenie Scott, National Center for Science Education David Morrison, NASA Ames Research Center
Fringe science (fiction science) is not restricted to astronomy by any means. Just as there are huge numbers of people who believe in astrology and the

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Monday, September 14, 2009 · 3:30 - 5:00 p.m.
notion that the U.S. government is hiding the bodies of alien creatures and the remains of alien spacecraft, there are vast numbers of our citizens who oppose the teaching of the real age of the Earth and the evolution of life. All of these beliefs pose a challenge to science education and there is much that those of us working on EPO in different disciplines can learn from each other. Speakers in this session will provide background information and techniques for dealing with creationism/intelligent design, claims of a young Earth, and the idea that a planet named Nibiru will destroy the Earth. Session Outcomes: Participants will come away with a new understanding of techniques for responding to pseudo-science ideas, a better sense of how we might work together in this arena, and a resource guide to the variety of pseudo-scientific claims related to space science and where to find reliable information about them.

Jordan Raddick, Johns Hopkins University Suzanne Jacoby, Large Synaptic Survey Telescope Pamela Gay, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Constance Walker, National Optical Astronomy Observatory Brian Day, NASA Ames
Citizen Science projects are gaining in popularity and are seen by some as a paradigm shift that will benefit participants, extend scientific research, and improve public understanding of how science is done. All projects engage nonspecialists in observations, measurements, or classifications that further some aspect of scientific activity. In astronomy and space science, there is a range of involvement from passive to active, and differences in how necessary the citizen scientists are to the scientific goals of the project. Some projects are dealing with scientific questions that could not be investigated effectively and efficiently without the aid of large numbers of human volunteers. We will conduct a panel discussion of the lessons learned from several current citizen science projects in astronomy and space science. We will also engage session participants in round table discussions of future citizen science projects, especially in light of the large data sets becoming available online and access to educational telescopes. Session Outcomes: A definition of the spectrum of citizen science projects. A compendium of lessons learned in active citizen science projects. A community-generated list of possible projects for the future.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Poplar Learning to Become a More Effective Research or Learning Project Mentor
Eric Hooper, University of Wisconsin-Madison, ehooper@astro.wisc.edu Robert Mathieu, University of Wisconsin-Madison Christine Pfund, University of Wisconsin-Madison Janet Branchaw, University of Wisconsin-Madison
How effective of a mentor are you? Have you thought much about this question? Have you participated in training to become a better mentor? For many academics the typical three answers are "pretty good, I think... why wouldn't I be?"; "I am right now"; "Uh, no." Given how crucial the role of a mentor is to the development of scientists and many other professionals, the University of Wisconsin-Madison has developed research mentor training materials for several STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) disciplines. While this is primarily aimed at the mentoring of undergraduate and graduate researchers, the topics are broad enough (e.g., expectations, communication, understanding, diversity, ethics, independence) to be applicable to mentoring in a wide range of project-based educational activities. We will share elements from a 9-session mentoring seminar and discuss its implementation at participants' institutions. Session Outcomes: At the end of this session, participants will have: Thought more carefully and deeply about mentoring their students, whether a high school student working on a somewhat open-ended project or a graduate student pushing the research frontier; Considered how to continue a reflective approach to mentoring long after the session is over; Realized that while there are several common guidelines, approaches, and elements of good mentoring, it is not a one-size fits all approach, in fact, what may be appropriate and beneficial for one student may be counterproductive for another; Engaged in discussion of real mentoring situations using case studies drawn from real life.

Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Laurel Fertile Ground for Astronomy in National Parks
Angela Richman, National Park Service, angie_richman@nps.gov Tyler Nordgren, University of Redlands, Tyler_Nordgren@redlands.edu Chadwick Moore, National Park Service, Chad_Moore@nps.gov
National Parks are the single most visited venue for hands-on astronomy and planetary science education in the world. Though a wealth of information, images, and activities are available online to enrich astronomy education, sources of inspiration and touchstones for curiosity are becoming rare. Light pollution has relegated the non-virtual experience of seeing a starry sky to national parks and remote areas, and we believe this resource is essential to maintain. We review an overall strategy for sustaining this source of inspiration, enhancing public understanding through interpretation, focusing partnerships toward this untapped potential, and building scientific "viewpoints." In Galileo's day, dark skies were common, but his telescope and the knowledge it produced was rare. Four hundred years later, telescopes and the information they produce are plentiful, but dark skies are rare. We believe this is a fundamental shift that is not fully appreciated by the astronomy science community and those seeking public support for space exploration and science programs. The National Park Service has a comprehensive program for measuring light pollution in parks and articulating the loss of the night sky. The value of the loss can be estimated by the degree to which the public actively seeks out these last windows to the cosmos. They appear to do so for aesthetic reasons, scientific reasons, and genuine curiosity. Session Outcomes: Realize National Parks are important places to generate curiosity and inspiration for astronomy research and education; Understand how necessary the preservation of dark skies is to retain support for astronomical sciences; Consider National parks as potential laboratories for learning about space environs where tangible Earth analogs can be used

Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Oak The Spectrum of Citizen Science Projects in Astronomy and Space Science
Bryan Mendez, University of California,Berkeley, Space Sciences Laboratory, bmendez@ssl.berkeley.edu

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Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program


Tuesday, September 15, 2009 · 10:45- 11:30 a.m.
for insight into planetary sciences; Incorporate the concept of a "field trip" for astronomical sciences, where transparent windows to the universe are sought within national parks; Reorient some educational settings around first-hand experiences, emphasizing sites with dark and transparent "windows" to the universe; Incorporate dark sky protection themes as a means to maintain an astronomical tool, just as we would maintain the Hubble Telescope or ground based observatories; Create a balanced twoway partnership between NPS and NASA; Identify sites within national parks that yield particular insights into astronomy and planetary sciences. illustrate proper lighting, light pollution's effects on wildlife and how to measure the darkness of your skies; how to use the materials in the kit; about several citizen science projects including GLOBE at Night, the Great World Wide Star Count, and How Many Stars; how to get citizen-scientists to collect data on the night sky conditions in their community and contribute to a worldwide database on light pollution; how to get citizenscientists to use their measurements to make changes in their community.

Tuesday AM 10-Minute Orals
Time: 10:45 a.m. ­ 11:30 a.m. Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Hickory Hawthorne Resources for IYA and Beyond from NASA's Interstellar Boundar y Explorer Mission
Lindsay Bartolone, Adler Planetarium/IBEX, lbartolone@adlerplanetarium.org
This presentation for museum and other informal educators will introduce materials that can be used to support IYA efforts during 2009 from NASA's Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) mission. Learn how to receive a free planetarium show, floor activity materials and posters. These activities and materials have been based upon education research conducted in museums to address misconceptions about plasma, space science missions and the structure of the universe. Prepare yourself to help your visitors engage with newly released NASA data IBEX missions during 2009. Learn about other ways to utilize NASA IYA materials and projects at your institution. Session Outcomes: Participants will become aware of free resources from NASA's IBEX mission for IYA and beyond and will prepare for data release in 2009.

Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Hickory Hawthorne Science in School and Afterschool: Making the Equity Connection
Maryann Stimmer, Educational Equity Center at AED, mstimmer@aed.org Leslie Lowes, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Underserved groups (women, minorities, and people with disabilities) comprise a disproportionately low percentage of the STEM workforce. With the need to improve the numbers of students choosing related careers and improve the public?s appreciation for science, strategies for improving equitable access to science experiences are key. Effective strategies seek to encourage and empower students from all groups to see themselves as doing science. This workshop will develop participants? awareness of equityrelated issues in implementing curriculum and activities in the science classroom and in afterschool programs, as well as in staff development. Session Outcomes: Build awareness of the need for equity strategies in science classrooms and afterschool programs; Build knowledge of specific strategies for "leveling the playing field" -- ways to engage underserved populations equitably though staff development and development and implementation of curriculum activities.

Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Cypress Building on IYA: The Dark Skies Awareness Program
Constance Walker, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, cwalker@noao.edu Robert Sparks, National Optical Astronomy Observatory Stephen M. Pompea, National Optical Astronomy Observatory
The International Year of Astronomy (IYA2009) has offered opportunities to create exemplary educational programs in astronomy, such as those through the cornerstone project, Dark Skies Awareness (DSA). The preservation of dark skies is important for many reasons including astronomy, energy conservation, wildlife conservation and even human health. Light pollution is a growing concern, yet it is one of the easiest global environmental problems citizen scientists can address on a local level. The Dark Skies workshop will impart the skills necessary for participants to lead activities at their home institution for conserving dark skies. Participants will learn what programs are available and experience hands-on activities. Session Outcomes: Workshop participants will learn: what programs are available and experience hands-on activities; how to use these programs to hold thematic events at a wide variety of venues; about activities that

Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Oak David Dunlap Observator y -- Back to the Future
B. Ralph Chou, University of Waterloo and RASC Toronto Centre, bchou@sciborg.uwaterloo.ca Paul Mortfield, David Dunlap Observatory
The DDO located just north of Toronto, houses the largest optical telescope in Canada. It was operated by the University of Toronto Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics from 1935 until its sale in 2008. The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, Toronto Centre assumed operation of the telescope in June 2009. In addition to presenting public outreach and teacher training workshops, we are developing Pro-Am research collaborations with universities, NASA, the Canadian Space Agency and other EPO organizations. In this presentation we discuss the challenges of bringing astronomical outreach and research back to the DDO site. The goal is to become a model for reuse and repurposing of mothballed observatories to better serve the community. Session Outcomes: Participants will learn strategies for developing a business model and publicity for repurposing of mothballed observatories. We discuss how to deal with heritage boards, activist organizations and negative press.

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Tuesday, September 15, 2009 · 10:45- 11:30 a.m.
Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Hickory Hawthorne IYA2009 NASA Programs: Mid Year Status
Hashima Hasan, NASA, hhasan@nasa.gov Denise Smith, STSI
NASA's Science Mission Directorate's (SMD) celebration of the International Year of Astronomy (IYA) 2009 was kicked off in January 2009 with a sneak preview of a multi-wavelength image of M101, and of other images from NASA's space science. Since then some of the exciting science generated by NASA's missions in astrophysics, planetary science and heliophysics, which has been given an IYA2009 flavor, has been made available to students, educators and the public worldwide. Some examples of the progress of NASA's programs will be presented. The traveling exhibit of NASA images to public libraries around the country has been a spectacular success and is being extended to include more libraries. NASA IYA Student Ambassadors met at summer workshop and presented their projects. NASA's Afterschool Universe has provided IYA training to community-based organizations, while pre-launch teacher workshops associated with the Kepler and WISE missions have been designed to engage educators in the science of these missions. IYA activities have been associated with several missions launched this year. These include the Hubble Servicing Mission 4, Kepler, Herschel/Planck, LCROSS. The NASA IYA website continues to be popular, getting over 7,000 hits per moth. NASA's IYA programs have captured the imagination of the public and continue to keep it engaged in the scientific exploration of the universe. Session Outcomes: Participants will examine several types of evaluation instruments and consider how different types contribute to program modifications.

Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Oak Building Educational Programs for the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder
Robert Hollow, CSIRO Australia Telescope National Facility, robert.hollow@csiro.au George Hobbs, CSIRO Australia Telescope National Facility
The Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) will be an array of 36 12m antennas in Western Australia, due for operation in 2013. With a large instantaneous field-of-view ASKAP will survey the whole sky vastly faster than existing radio telescopes, producing a massive data set. Government funding for ASKAP was contingent on it being available for education purposes, providing an exciting opportunity to develop innovative education projects for schools and citizen science. Building on the PULSE@Parkes program we plan to have a range of activities and resources, providing scope for student investigations. Challenges and educational opportunities are discussed. Potential projects and possibilities for collaborations are identified. Session Outcomes: 1. Provide an overview of ASKAP. 2. Identify educational opportunities presented by ASKAP and solicit collaborators. 3. Present on overview of existing relevant education programs and how they inform ongoing developments for ASKAP. 4. Present potential new education projects utilizing ASKAP.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Sequoia Lessons Learned from the "Age of the Milky Way" Teacher Professional Development Workshop Evaluation
Mary Kay Hemenway, University of Texas-Austin, marykay@astro.as.utexas.edu Brad Armosky, University of Texas-Austin Steve DeGennaro, University of Texas-Austin Kyle Fricke, University of Texas-Austin Jody Harkrider, San Antonio ISD Elizabeth Jeffery , University of Texas-Austin Mukremin Kilic, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Jim Liebert, University of Arizona Irina Marinova, University of Texas-Austin Harry Shipman, University of Delaware Ted von Hippel, Siena College Kurtis Williams, University of Texas-Austin
McDonald Observatory has hosted an annual five-day workshop concerning the use of white dwarfs to measure the age of our galaxy since 2005. Although some elements remained the same in all workshops, our formative evaluation provided clues that allowed the staff to refine the workshop and post-workshop activities each year. This session will provide advice about how to use workshop evaluations to improve participant satisfaction and better meet their needs as teachers.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Sequoia Using Magic to Teach Science
Paul Kohlmiller, paul.kohlmiller@eclipsys.com
There is a difference, of course, between science and magic. One way to show this to students is to show both. As part of a Project ASTRO classroom visit, a very simple experiment and some even simpler magic tricks (cheap card tricks requiring no special skill) are compared. The science can be replicated by the students, the card tricks cannot. This is to emphasize a key point about science, it is replicable. Session Outcomes: One of the key concepts in science is reproducibility. A key concept of magic is almost the exact opposite: perform a demonstration in such a way that the audience cannot tell how it is done. By showing examples of each in the classroom, the students get a clear understanding of the difference between science and magic. As a side benefit, some insight into how science is done is communicated in an engaging manner.

Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Hickory Hawthorne NASA Solar System Observation and Exploration in the International Year of Astronomy
Leslie Lowes, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Leslie.L.Lowes@jpl.nasa.gov

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Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program


Tuesday, September 15, 2009 · 10:45- 11:30 a.m.
Jaclyn Allen, JSC Rosalie Betrue, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Anya Biferno, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edward Gonzales, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Michael Greene, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Thedra McMillian, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Kate Pickle, GSUSA Maura Rountree-Brown, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Kay Tobola, JSC
The NASA Solar System Exploration Education and Public Outreach Forum at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory has led and co-sponsored a number of events in the local Pasadena, California area celebrating the International Year of Astronomy 2009. Target audiences range from the science-attentive public, to educators, to shoppers at public malls. Event themes are designed to have broad appeal around the general themes of how humankind observes and explores the sun and planets, enabling an extension beyond the IYA year itself. They are delivered with handson activities and interactive experiences aimed at giving audiences the opportunity for their own personal exploration. Session Outcomes: Summary of the impact in numbers and audience reactions at events; Highlights of the most effective strategies and new lessons learned for reaching the public around the general themes of observation and solar system exploration; Brief discussion of ideas for similar events in ensuing years around and listing of resources available for replication and/or adaptation.

Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Oak After-School Astronomy from the Basement to the Roof Top!
Irene Porro, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, iporro@mit.edu Mar y Dussault, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Over the last three years hundreds of youth have experienced and practice the role of NASA researchers as they learned to remotely control real robotic telescopes that they can command through the MicroObservatory website. MicroObservatory is a network of automated ground-based telescopes that were developed by scientists and educators at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics and were designed to enable youth nationwide to investigate the wonders of the deep sky from their classrooms or after-school centers. They are located and maintained at observatories affiliated with the Center for Astrophysics, including the Harvard College Observatory in Cambridge, MA and the Whipple Observatory in Amado, AZ. Session Outcomes: The goal of this presentation is to introduce our audience to MicroObservatory as a tool that provides a dynamic range of education opportunities. We aim to stimulate a conversation to share how MicroObservatory supports the development of an increasing level of sophistication in inquiry.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Sequoia Beyond Outreach: Expanding the UCI Astronomy Outreach Program to New Heights!
Tammy Smecker-Hane, University of California, Irvine, tsmecker@uci.edu Debra Mauzy-Melitz, University of California, Irvine Michael Hood, University of California, Irvine
The Astronomy Outreach Program at the University of California, Irvine (UCI) began with funding from an NSF FOCUS grant, and it includes: (1) tours of the Observatory and classroom presentations in local K­12 schools which reach approximately 3,000 students each year, (2) an annual two-day Teacher's Workshop in Astronomy & Astrophysics for Grade 3­12 teachers, and (3) Visitor Nights at the UCI Observatory for the general public that include star gazing with our telescopes and lectures on hot topics in astronomy, which are attend by approximately 5,000 people per year. We describe the results of our year long partnership with local teachers to expand the program. We developed curricula and survey tools for Grades 3, 5 and High School.

Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Sequoia Music and Astronomy Under the Stars -- 2009
Donald Lubowich, Hofstra University, donald.lubowich@hofstra.edu
Music and Astronomy Under the Stars is NASA-funded astronomy outreach program at fifty parks before, during, and after outdoor concerts, movies, and theatre events during 2009­2011. Telescopes, posters, and a video program are used to present astronomy information to the public and enhance the public appreciation of science. Because 600 to 60,000 people attend each event, and 30% to 60% of the audience comes to these programs, more than 120,000 people will be exposed to telescopes and astronomy information. Combining outdoor cultural events with astronomy assures an audience of people who have made a commitment to be outside at night for several hours. The largest audience was on 28 July when 16,000 people attended a Tanglewood Music Festival (summer home of the Boston Symphony and Boston Pops Orchestras) concert and star-party. Next year 60,0000 people are expected for the New York Philharmonic Concert in the Park. This program can be expanded to to include other outdoor events in parks or beaches such as. community festivals, state and local fairs, amusement parks, and sporting events. Music and Astronomy Under the Stars is program that should continue beyond IYA-2009 and can be expanded throughout the US and in other countries. This project is funded by NASA grant NNX09AD53G.

Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Oak Capturing the Imagination: The Promise of the Webb Space Telescope
Denise Smith, Space Telescope Science Institute, dsmith@stsci.edu Mario Livio, Space Telescope Science Institute Bonnie Eisenhamer, Space Telescope Science Institute Stratis Kakadelis, Space Telescope Science Institute
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Tuesday, September 15, 2009 · 10:45- 11:30 a.m.
Ray Villard, Space Telescope Science Institute Massimo Stiavelli, Space Telescope Science Institute Peter Stockman, Space Telescope Science Institute
The Webb Space Telescope will take us on a journey back to the beginning, enabling us to see the first galaxies, the birth of stars, the creation of planets, and the origins of galactic structure. News, education, and outreach activities led by the Space Telescope Science Institute Office of Public Outreach use the promise of Webb's scientific return and technical prowess to capture the imagination -- inspiring and educating youth and adults about key STEM concepts and the process of science itself. This presentation will highlight activities designed to introduce cutting-edge Webb science and technology to established audiences cultivated through a decade of Hubble-based Amazing Space, ViewSpace, HubbleSite, and NewsCenter products and services. Critical underlying components include a commitment to evaluation of audience needs and partnerships between scientists and educators. Session Outcomes: This presentation will enhance awareness of the scientific, education, and outreach opportunities offered by the Webb Space Telescope. Our telescopes don't look like telescopes. Our data are largely nonpictorial. The forty percent of the electromagnetic spectrum that we cover is thought of as sound, rather than light, by most people. On the other hand, our telescopes are immense, and open to visitors -- including students doing research -- in the daytime. Our science has generated 4 Nobel prizes in physics. And our need for radio "quiet" so directly affects our neighbors and visitors as to create a myriad of teachable moments. Indeed, because radio astronomy is so very unfamiliar, even to science teachers who teach astronomy, our professional development programs successfully model inquiry-based science, and the research process. This presentation will be given from the unique perspectives of two members of the NRAO education and outreach team, one a twenty-year veteran of radio astronomy education and the other a still-disoriented recent transplant from the comfortable world of optical astronomy E/PO. Following a quick introduction to the NRAO's amazing suite of research instruments and principal science themes, we'll describe successes we have had in teacher professional development programs and youth camps, as well as many of the challenges and misconceptions that we face among students and the public. In a break-out session we'll seek advice from our colleagues on ways to enable people to see the universe with radio eyes, and to appreciate what it takes to make radio-vision possible. Session Outcomes: This session will result in new insights and practical knowledge for both the presenters and participants. Participants will learn practical strategies for incorporating inquiry and active research into their programs. NRAO presenters will benefit from the thoughts and advice of the participants on how to increase the relevance of radio astronomy in astronomy EPO. Participants and NRAO outreach staff will explore the potential for collaborations and partnerships in future EPO projects.

Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Hickory Hawthorne Reaching New Audiences through Libraries: Impact of the IYA Traveling Exhibit "Visions of the Universe"
Frank Summers, Space Telescope Science Institute, summers@stsci.edu Denise Smith, Space Telescope Science Institute Bonnie Eisenhamer, Space Telescope Science Institute
In celebration of the International Year of Astronomy, the Office of Public Outreach at STScI collaborated with the American Library Association (ALA) on a major and novel outreach project. We developed a travelling exhibit that is touring 40 public libraries across the United States. It was our first collaboration with libraries, and they have proven to be ideal partners. The exhibit, entitled "Visions of the Universe: Four Centuries of Discovery", explores the vast changes in not only our views of the universe since the invention of the telescope, but also in our understanding of the cosmos and our place within it. Session Outcomes: Attendees of this session will: Learn the staff and expertise required to create a travelling exhibit; Understand how partnerships can bring your work to new audiences; Appreciate the value of libraries as outreach partners.

Conference Strand: Connecting the Sciences in the Year of Science Location: Aspen Sun-Earth Days -- A 10-Year Cycle of Reaching a Wide and Diverse Audience of Millions
James Thieman, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, sjames.r.thieman@nasa.gov Elaine Lewis, Honeywell, Inc. Troy Cline, Honeywell, Inc. Lou Mayo, Honeywell, Inc. Carolyn Ng, Honeywell, Inc.
Sun-Earth Day is a well-coordinated series of programs, resources and events under a unique yearly theme highlighting the fundamentals of heliophysics research and missions. A menu of activities, conducted throughout the year, inspire and educate participants. Sun-Earth Day itself can vary in date, but usually is identified by a celebration on or near the Spring Equinox. Through the Sun-Earth Day framework we have been able to offer a series of coordinated events that promote and highlight the Sun, its connection to Earth and the other planets. Sun-Earth Day events are hosted by educators, museums, amateur astronomers and scientists and occur at schools, community groups, parks, planetaria and science centers around the globe. Sun-Earth Day raises the awareness and knowledge of formal and informal education audiences concerning space weather and Heliophysics. By building on the success of Sun-Earth Day yearly celebrations, we seek to affect people of all backgrounds and ages with the wonders of heliophysics science, discovery, and exploration in ways that
Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program

Tuesday AM 45-Minute Sessions
Time: 10:45 a.m. ­ 11:30 a.m. Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Cypress Challenges of Radio Astronomy Outreach -- Panel Session
Sue Ann Heatherly, National Radio Astronomy Observatory John Stoke, National Radio Astronomy Observatory

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Tuesday, September 15, 2009 · 3:30- 4:15 p.m.
are both tangible and meaningful to their lives. This year's theme is Magnetic Storms, using magnetism as the featured focus. Learn how this program continues to grow and sustain a large audience through key initiatives: · Year-long activities and programs coordinated around a given theme; · Capturing students' interest through inspirational experiences; · Providing content preparation to emphasize "Engaging Americans in NASA's Mission"; · Collaboration with partners such as museums, universities, amateur astronomers, etc.; · Dissemination of educational resources through mission contributions to a common packet of materials for educators; · Focus on a high-leverage culminating happening such as a celestial event (eclipse, equinox) Session Outcomes: Sun-Earth Day is fully aligned with the NASA Education Portfolio Strategic Framework which seeks to "Inspire, Engage, Educate, and Employ." 1) Contribute to the development of the STEM workforce; 2) Attract and retain students in STEM disciplines; and 3) Build strategic partnerships and linkages between STEM formal and informal education providers. Drawing on the excitement and uniqueness of NASA, motivate, and educate students to pursue STEM careers by enhancing science, technology, engineering, and mathematics K­14 education with heliophysics resources aligned to National Science Education Standards. Inspire and inform the public in general with the dynamic science of the Sun and its profound influence on the Earth environment and the lives of all who live here.

Tuesday PM 45-Minute Sessions
Time: 3:30 p.m. ­ 4:15 p.m. Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Oak Integrating Science and Literacy to Teach About the Solar System: the Planets and Moons Elementar y School Science Unit from Seeds of Science/Roots of Reading
John Erickson, University of California, Berkeley, jerick@berkeley.edu Suzanna Loper, University of California, Berkeley
Learn how to support elementary students in thinking, talking, reading and writing like scientists. This session will demonstrate techniques for integrating literacy with science using activities drawn from Planets and Moons, a new Grades 4­5 unit from the Seeds of Science/Roots of Reading curriculum program at the Lawrence Hall of Science. In this unit students learn about the Solar System in investigations that combine activities with reading different genres of text. Students experience important concepts through multiple modalities -- the do-it, talk-it, read-it, write-it model. This session will showcase lessons incorporating hands-on investigations and some of the nine beautiful student books being developed for the unit. Accommodations designed to support English Language Learners will be demonstrated. We will also present results from an efficacy study that investigated the unit's impact on student growth in science and literacy. Examples of lesson materials will be provided to participants. Session Outcomes: Participants will learn about effective techniques for integrating reading and writing with hands-on investigations in ways that can better support students' learning about astronomy, including techniques that are especially effective with English Language Learners.

Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Laurel Planck Visualization Project: Seeing and Hearing the Cosmic Microwave Background
Jatlia van der Veen, University of California, Santa Barbara, jatila@physics.ucsb.edu Philip Lubin, University of California, Santa Barbara John Moreland, Purdue University Calumet Jerry Dekker, Purdue University Calumet Bruce Partridge, Haverford College Charles R. Lawrence, NASA/JPL
The goal of all NASA Science Mission Directorates' Education and Public Outreach programs is to provide a vehicle for supporting and disseminating the scientific objectives of each mission to the public and K­12 communities. The Planck Visualization Project utilizes the visual and audio capabilities of Virtual Reality to present the scientific objectives of Planck to the public. In Part One of our project, we start from a flight simulator screen, the user can explore the mission from launch to orbital insertion to data gathering operations, from any vantage point in the solar system. Finally, the user stands "in space" while Planck paints the CMB all around, beyond the starry background. Session Outcomes: Given the visual simulation of the Planck Mission, students will be able to see and describe the launch, orbital parameters, and data gathering process of the mission. Given the audio simulation, students will be able to derive the power spectrum of audio signals, and relate this to how scientists derive information about the size, shape, and matter content of the universe from the power spectrum of the CMB.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Hickory Hawthorne Starting a Project ASTRO in Your Area is Easier than You Think
Suzy Gurton, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, sgurton@astrosociety.org
For more than 15 years, the ASP's Project Astro has been linking volunteer astronomers with 3rd­9th grade teachers in their community. The partners are trained together at two-day workshops and the astronomer then adopts a class for an entire year, visiting at least 4 times. Over the years, about 20 different regional sites for training and coordinating partners have been formed, of which 13 are currently active. A national network of site leaders shares experiences and training techniques, disseminating ideas and testing new materials and activities. Session Outcomes: ASP staff and site cordinators will describe the advantages of having a Project ASTRO in your community, how to start a new Project ASTRO site, and how the ASTRO network can be useful to you.

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Tuesday, September 15, 2009 · 3:30 - 5:15 p.m.
Tuesday PM 90-Minute Sessions
Time: 3:30 p.m. ­ 5:15 p.m. Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Laurel Exhibit Development from A to Z
Paul Dusenbery, Space Science Institute, dusenbery@spacescience.org Brad McLain, Space Science Institute
SSI is a national leader in developing national traveling exhibits on space science education. Recent projects include Giant Worlds and the Asteroids! project. This session will focus on the exhibit development process, spanning conceptual planning, design development, fabrication and launch. SSI's exhibit programs also include education and outreach programming and the development of an online version of the exhibit. Examples from Giant Worlds and Asteroids! will be used to illustrate these development phases. Participants will discuss the role the importance of evaluation in exhibit development. Session Outcomes: Participants learn about informal science education and exhibit development; Participants will get hands-on experience working in breakout groups to design a mock exhibit; Participants will learn how to use a logic model in defining exhibit success and come to understand the importance of evaluation.

Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Cypress International Year of Astronomy 2009 Cornerstone Projects: What's Available for You
Stephen Pompea, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, spompea@noao.edu Andrea Schweitzer, IYA 2009 Project Office, Little Thompson Observatory Susana Deustua, Space Telescope Science Institute Douglas Isbell, U.S. IYA2009 Single Point of Contact Rick Fienberg, International Galileoscope Task Force Doug Arion, Carthage College Constance Walker, National Optical Astronomy Observatory
The International Year of Astronomy (IYA) commemorates the 400th Anniversary of Galileo's historic observations of the night sky. IYA is officially recognized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and is being celebrated in 141 countries. The IYA2009 program established 12 Cornerstone Projects. The US has played an important role in many of these programs. These national and global projects focus on a variety of topics vital to the success of IYA. This session will provide national and international organizers of the cornerstone projects to report on their progress. Session Outcomes: This session will provide practical advice on how IYA2009 programs can be used immediately and in the long-term after 2009.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Poplar Natural Science in a Natural Setting -- A Roundtable Discussion on Education and Public Outreach in Our Nation's Parks
Anna Hurst, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, ahurst@astrosociety.org Ruth Paglierani, SSL, UC Berkeley Anita Davis, NASA Goddard
Parks provide ideal settings for science education and public outreach programs since they give a context for the public to connect to science in a natural setting. Park visitors marvel at stunning geological formations, observe a multitude of animal and plant species in their natural environments, and gaze at heavenly bodies in truly dark skies. The park staff is trained to interpret these wonders so that visitors can make powerful intellectual and emotional connections to these natural treasures, as well as the science that explains them. This session will highlight two EPO programs that have involved the National Park Service -- Earth to Sky (NASA, NPS, UC Berkeley) and Sky Rangers (ASP, NPS, NAI, ASTC) --- as well as offer the perspective of a NPS ranger who has engaged in science outreach in parks around the country. Participants are encouraged to bring ideas, questions, and stories of their own experiences for an interactive discussion. Session Outcomes: Participants will learn important strategies for developing training for park staff and materials to be delivered to park visitors by this staff; Participants will hear perspectives from experienced park rangers and EPO providers who have worked with parks; Participants will contribute to the generation of FAQ, to be posted online, regarding parks as EPO venues.

Tuesday PM 45-Minute Sessions
Time: 4:30 p.m. ­ 5:15 p.m. Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Hickory Hawthorne The Mauna Kea Observatories Outreach Committee Brings Astronomy to the Hawaiian Public
Inge Heyer, Joint Astronomy Centre, i.heyer@jach.hawaii.edu Janice Harvey, Gemini Observatory Kumiko Usuda, Subaru Telescope
The Mauna Kea Observatories Outreach Committee combines the outreach efforts of the 13 telescopes on Mauna Kea on the Big Island of Hawai`i. For IYA 2009 we branded our annual local events, and in addition developed several unique activities and products to bring astronomy to the public in this International Year of Astormomy 2009. Our Journey through the Universe class room visit and teacher training program was enhanced by several evening public events for the whole family. For AstroDay we developed a set of astronomy trading cards, such that people had to visit all the observatory booths to collect the whole set. In collaboration with the local newspapers we published an astronomy supplement, both on paper and online. Session Outcomes: We would like to share our outreach and education ideas, and make our developed resources available on the web for everyone

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Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program


Wednesday, September 16, 2009 · 9:30 - 10:15 a.m.
to use. Hopefully we will receive feedback from fellow educators on what works for them. Dr. Granger's contribution will focus on her team's study looking at the effectiveness of the 3­5 SSS, compared to more traditional curricula, in supporting elementary teachers' learning and teaching of space science. With a sample of 32 treatment and 29 control teachers, results showed strong gains for teachers using the SSS. Session Outcomes: This session will be structured primarily around interactive roundtable discussions with each featured panelist (Granger and Nagy-Catz), with each table moderated by a session co-author (Schultz and Wierman, both experienced EPO professionals). Session participants will come away with greater understanding of: (1) two prominent, independent research studies examining teacher and student gains when using a new NASA-sponsored GEMS elementary space science curriculum, (2) teaching and learning design principles behind this curriculum, (3) how to use the research & evaluation results to help inform and guide educators (e.g. for potential future professional development or awareness-building opportunities).

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Poplar United We Stand: Lessons Learned from a Consortium of Small Astronomy Departments
Bruce Partridge, Haverford College, bpartrid@haverford.edu
In 1990, the Astronomy Departments of eight liberal arts colleges located in the northeast formed a consortium to broaden undergraduate research opportunities and to form a "virtual department" of ~20 research astronomers. Each of the participating departments is small (typically, two faculty members), so forming the consortium naturally broadened the research interests of the "virtual department." With generous initial support from the William Keck Foundation, we established a summer exchange program to allow our undergraduates to do research at any of the participating colleges. We also inaugurated a student research symposium at which all summer research students from the eight institutions could report their scientific findings. Session Outcomes: Increasing summer research opportunities for undergraduate students and enriching the research environment for faculty through the formation of additional regional consortia of small astronomy departments.

Wednesday AM 45-Minute Sessions
Time: 9:30 a.m. ­ 10:15 a.m. Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Laurel Understanding and Supporting a Culture of Public Outreach in Amateur Organizations
Marni Berendsen, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, mberendsen@astrosociety.org Jill Stein, Institute for Learning Innovation Martin Storksdieck, Institute for Learning Innovation Claudia Figueiredo, Institute for Learning Innovation
How can amateur science-based organizations who share their enthusiasm with the public be best supported? Amateurs, such as members of astronomy clubs, birders, and rock hounds often share their interest in their hobby with the public, thereby providing a valuable service by improving public understanding of science. Derived from a broad base of research into the culture and practices of amateur astronomy clubs, the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP) and Institute for Learning Innovation (ILI), with support from NSF and NASA, have developed specific solutions that address challenges to establishing and sustaining outreach programs run by volunteer enthusiasts. Gain insight into how amateur associations tick by focusing on the culture of amateur astronomy clubs, how they are structured, organized, and sustained; what supports active outreach and what may hinder it. Experience examples of tools and services developed to fit naturally into these organizations, enhancing and simplifying the tasks they already do, and are endeavoring to do, to support and expand their public outreach programs. Session Outcomes: Attendees will gain a deeper understanding of the culture of amateur organizations who share their passion with the public. You will find out what research has been done to inform the development of services and resources for amateur astronomers and how this might be generalized to support other such amateur organizations.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Oak Teaching & Learning with a NASA-Sponsored GEMS Space Science Curriculum: Using Research & Evaluation Results to Inform and Guide EPO Professionals, an Interactive Panel Session
Greg Schultz, University of California, Berkeley, CSE@SSL, schultz@ssl.berkeley.edu Ellen Granger, Florida State University Kristin Nagy-Catz, UC Berkeley Traci Wierman, UC Berkeley
The newly-developed Space Science Sequence (SSS) is the product of a collaboration between NASA forums/missions and the Lawrence Hall of Science (LHS) Great Explorations in Math and Science (GEMS) program, based at UC Berkeley. At the ASP 2007 conference, keynote speaker George (Pinky) Nelson made special mention of partners involved and the curriculum produced. From the proceedings: "I want to recognize Jacqueline Barber, Isabel Hawkins, Greg Schultz and their colleagues ... for setting an example of effective partnership... We would do well to become familiar with [the SSS] and promote them to teachers and schools... At the same time, we can learn from teachers and students using [the SSS]..." (2008; p. 3). It is specifically such professional learning, from practicing teachers and grade school students, which motivates this panel session focusing on research & evaluation studies on teacher and student gains using the Space Science Sequence for Grades 3­5. Two large studies, with papers previously presented at education researcher conferences, form a basis of this session. The lead authors of each study will be the two featured panelists of our session: Dr. Ellen Granger (Florida State University) and Dr. Kristin Nagy-Catz (UC Berkeley).

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Wednesday, September 16, 2009 · 9:30 - 10:15 a.m.
Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Cypress Transits, Binaries, and Hands-On Universe
Alan Gould, Lawrence Hall of Science, agould@berkeley.edu Edna DeVore, SETI Institute
The Hands-On Universe project is an element of the NASA Kepler mission education and public outreach, and as such, has one of its research projects planet-finding by the transit method, but to get to that level of understanding and skills, HOU has a number of preliminary investigations leading up to the climax of planet-finding research. Those investigations include sky orientation with Kepler star wheels, understanding principles of CCD cameras and image processing software, astrometry, photometry, a side trip search for supernovae, and binary star studies. HOU is undertaking asteroid studies porject in connection with the NASA WISE mission which launches very soon. Session Outcomes: Participants will gain heightened awareness of resources for teaching astronomy at the middle and high school levels, including knowledge of a number of free materials available on WWW. from world class researchers and the university obtains a high profile venue for its outreach efforts. Even when museums have active research programs (e.g., at the California Academy of Sciences and the Adler Planetarium), these partnerships still serve to broaden the expertise available to produce better exhibits, programs and shows. Challenges nonetheless arise, often when universities? research is too advanced or narrowly focused for a general museum visitor. We will present two case studies of museum/ university partnerships highlighting the benefits achieved and challenges. Participants will be informed of the potential benefits and challenges of museum/university partnerships. Museum and university participants will explore potential partnerships with other participants.

Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Hickory Hawthorne "From Earth to the Universe": A Worldwide Exhibition of Astronomical Images
Megan Watzke, Chandra X-ray Center, mwatzke@cfa.harvard.edu Kimberly Kowal Arcand, Chandra X-ray Center
The "From Earth to the Universe" (FETTU) program is an international effort to bring of astronomical images to the public in non-traditional (and free) locations. Over 60 countries in more than 250 separate locations are exhibiting FETTU, and more are developing as we continue into IYA 2009. FETTU is one of the IAU's global cornerstone projects and a major project of the US IYA efforts. We will describe the success stories of FETTU, as well as some of the challenges in bringing this project to fruition. We will also discuss how FETTU and the products associated with it can be used around the world in 2010 and beyond.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Poplar Crossroads and Connections: An Evolving Relationship between NASA and the Navajo Nation
Daniella Scalice, NASA Astrobiology Institute, daniella.m.scalice@nasa.gov Angela Barney-Nez, Navajo Nation Office of the President and Vice President Alice Carron, ArtReach International
This session will outline the pathways, challenges, and outcomes within the recent "NASA and the Navajo Nation" project series. From both the NASA and Navajo perspectives, we will engage in a dialogue about crosscultural collaboration, touching these and other questions: What have been the respective motivations for working together? What has been accomplished? How is success defined? What are the key lessons learned? Are there models to working across "Native America?" Session Outcomes: Session participants will learn the details and parameters defining the "NASA and the Navajo Nation" collaborative effort. We wish to address participants' (mis)conceptions about working with Native Americans by sharing our experience. We also wish to identify those in the E/PO community who are interested in connecting to the project.

Wednesday AM 10-Minute Sessions
Time: 10:45 a.m. ­ 11:30 a.m. Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Sequoia Aesthetics & Astronomy
Kimberly Arcand, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, kkowal@cfa.harvard.edu Randall Smith, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Jeffrey Smith, University of Otago, New Zealand Lisa F. Smith, University of Otago, New Zealand Jay Bookbinder, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Megan Watzke, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
Astronomy is considered by many to be one of the most visual of the sciences. Most people have some experience with visually processing and reacting to astronomical information, beginning with gazing at the night sky. Today, modern astronomy and astrophysics extend far beyond what is detectable with the human eye. Researchers explore the Universe through a fleet of space-based telescopes, as well as major facilities on the ground, which cover the entire electromagnetic spectrum. The release of science results from these different types of light poses major questions about the dissemination and communication of that knowledge including: how do non-experts (i.e., the public) perceive these images? Recently the
Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Oak Building Museum University Partnerships
Mark SubbaRao, Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum, msubbarao@adlerplanetarium.org Ryan Wyatt, California Academy of Sciences Randy Landsberg, University of Chicago
Partnerships between museums and universities are often a beneficial relationship for both institutions. Museums benefit by getting the expertise
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Wednesday, September 16, 2009 · 10:45 - 11:30 a.m.
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory hosted a survey and focus group meetings to study the perception of multi-wavelength astronomical imagery and the effects of the scientific and artistic choices in processing astronomical data. The images in the study came from a variety of space and ground-based observatories, including the Chandra X-ray Observatory, Hubble Space Telescope, Spitzer Space Telescope, the Very Large Array, the Hinode satellite, and many others. This talk will provide an overview of the results of the preliminary Aesthetics and Astronomy study. Session Outcomes: Whether through a microscope or a telescope or some other instrument, the data of modern science continually challenges our ability to process and absorb new and different types of information. This study has the potential for applications to many different types of imagery across the sciences. By ascertaining what non-experts learn from the images and their context, as well as how to better convey different scientific concepts to the public, we believe this work will facilitate our ultimate goal of increasing the public's engagement with, appreciation of, and understanding of the exciting science being done. Outreach. This presentation shares information on how the Center provides hands-on educational and workforce development experiences for K­12, community college and college students, and those who support them, in achieving leadership careers in STEM fields. The Center's programs are intended to 1) increase student awareness of career fields that require a college education, 2) provide information on the necessary academic preparation related to STEM courses in high school, 3) provide information on the college admission process and, 4) initiate interest in careers within the STEM fields.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Sequoia Visual/Narrative Synergy for Communicating Technical Concepts
Robert Hurt, Spitzer Science Center, hurt@ipac.caltech.edu
The last decade has seen incredible advancement in visual information density across many areas. Whether it's the multi-paneled readouts on a news network or a video game, viewers of all ages are becoming more accustomed to processing visual information in parallel with and auditory narrative. This provides a potentially powerful framework for enhancing education and engagement. The field of astronomy is filled with topics of great general interest that are, at the same time, exceedingly difficult to communicate to a lay audience. Current results often presuppose basic astronomical knowledge not known to the general public. Often the depth of coverage of intriguing results is sacrificed for overall accessibility. Session Outcomes: The goal is to open a discussion and stimulate ideas of improving communication clarity and scope for astronomical topics.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Sequoia The "Black Holes" Traveling Museum Exhibition: Educational Innovations, Challenges, and Preliminar y Findings
Mary Dussault, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, mdussault@cfa.harvard.edu Roy R. Gould, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Erika L. Reinfeld, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Susan Sunbury, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Rucha Londhe, Goodman Research Group, Inc.
The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) has recently created "Black Holes: Space Warps & Time Twists" -- an innovative 2500 sq. ft. national traveling exhibition that uses the enormous popularity of black holes to engage visitors in active learning about the nature of scientific discovery. This presentation will describe the goals, challenges, and impact of two notable innovations that were a part of this NSF and NASA-funded project: First, partnerships with community-based programs in Boston, MA and Oakland, CA supported the authentic involvement of a diverse team of youth as exhibit development collaborators who were responsible for researching and substantively shaping parts of the exhibition and programs. Session Outcomes: Participants will learn about two innovative strategies intended to enhance the impact of an exhibit-based informal astronomy learning experience. Participants will be able to discuss the risks, rewards, and evidence of audience impact due to these strategies.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Laurel Take Me Out to the Ball Game -- Science Outreach to Non-Traditional Audiences
Brooke Norsted, University of Wisconsin Geology Museum, brooke@geology.wisc.edu
Science outreach often targets audiences that are already interested in science and are looking for related educational experiences for themselves or their families. The University of Wisconsin Geology Museum (UWGM) with funding from the NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI) is targeting unique venues and thereby new audiences who may not typically seek out science outreach events. With this goal in mind, in June, 2009 the UWGM and NAI sponsored an "Astrobiology Night at the Ballpark" at the Madison Mallards Ballpark, the local Madison, Wisconsin minor league baseball venue. At the game, 6,250 attendees were exposed to current NASA-funded astrobiology research being conducted at the University of WisconsinMadison. Fans were greeted at the gate by volunteers passing out a ninecard pack of extremophile trading cards, each of which featured a different extremophile group (e.g. halophiles, cryophiles, barophiles). Next, participants could interact with project scientists, graduate students and museum staff at four exploration stations, where each station highlighted astrobiology themes (i.e. extremophiles, banded iron formation, earth's oldest rocks, earth's oldest fossils). Before the game began, the video board on the field was used to broadcast short NASA videos about recent Mars missions as well as the search for life in space. Additionally, inning breaks were used as fun opportunities to engage fans through an "Alien vs. Kids" tug-of-war as well as the distribution of Frisbees with an astrobiology
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Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Laurel Capitol College Center for Space Science EPO: Providing STEM Education
Michael G. Gibbs, Capitol College, mggibbs@capitol-college.edu
To assist in educating future leaders in the science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) career fields through utilizing space science and astronomy, in order to strengthen the nation's future workforce, Capitol College is establishing the Center for Space Science Education and Public


Wednesday, September 16, 2009 · 10:45 - 11:30 a.m.
timeline printed on them. Engaging the broader public at a non-science venue is a means to breaking down perceived barriers between scientists and the general public. We found Mallards fans to be receptive and ready to connect with our science themes. Tapping into a new audience also builds a larger awareness of our museum and University, expanding our impact in the community. Session Outcomes: Participants will learn about the University of Wisconsin Geology Museum's work to reach new audiences through nontraditional science outreach venues. Often museum visitor demographics do not reflect those of the broader community. We went to the ballpark with the intention of reaching a more accurate cross section of the general public and sharing with them NASA research being done on the UWMadison campus.

Observatory, University of Arizona, eprather@as.arizona.edu
The Center for Astronomy Education (CAE) has been devoted to improving teaching & learning in Astro 101 by creating research-validated curriculum & assessment instruments for use in Astro 101 & by providing Astro 101 instructors professional development opportunities to increase their pedagogical content knowledge & instructional skills at implementing these curricula & assessment materials. To create sustainability and further expand this work, CAE, in collaboration with other national leaders in astronomy education & research, developed the Collaboration of Astronomy Teaching Scholars (CATS) Program. The primary goals of CATS are to: 1) increase the number of Astro 101 instructors conducting fundamental research in astronomy education 2) increase the amount of research-validated curriculum & assessment instruments available for use in Astro 101 3) increase the number of people prepared to develop & conduct their own CAE Teaching Excellence Workshops In our first year we have concluded a national study assessing the teaching and learning of Astro 101 and the effect of interactive instruction. We have begun the initial analysis of the demographics data of this study. We have begun a classroom research validation study on the use of the "ClassAction" electronic learning system. We have begun to analyze data from two different studies on students' attitudes & understanding of science to inform the creation of an assessment instrument designed specifically for Astro 101 to evaluate the effectiveness of our instruction in improving students' attitudes & beliefs about science. We have also begun the development of a Solar System Concept Inventory. Additionally research into students' beliefs and reasoning difficulties on topics in Cosmology is underway.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Sequoia Herschel and Planck: Interactive Outreach Activities in the UK
Chris North, Cardiff University, chris.north@astro.cf.ac.uk Stuart Lowe, University of Manchester Robert Simpson, Cardiff University
With the launch of the Herschel and Planck missions coinciding with the International Year of Astronomy, the worldwide publicity was high. To build on this interest, we engaged in a number of interactive outreach activities. A major part was an exhibit at the Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition in London, entitled "From the oldest light to the youngest stars: the Herschel and Planck missions". There were several non-interactive aspects to the exhibit: scale models of the satellites and instruments, display posters etc. An infrared camera allowed the public to explore the local environment and take home an infrared portrait, providing the opportunities for analogies between familiar objects and astronomical phenomena. Another second interactive tool was a "Multiwavelength Sky Viewer". This presents a view of the whole sky at a range of wavelengths, allowing the user to smoothly change between wavelengths, as well as zoom in on various objects. The tool is being made available online, and also will be downloadable to allow stand-alone versions at future exhibitions and in museums or schools. The tool runs stand-alone in a web browser, and so is very portable. It is also very upgradable, with the addition of more wavelengths being a relatively straightforward task. I will present the results of the Royal Society exhibit and other national events, as well as introducing the "Multiwavelength Sky Viewer". Session Outcomes: Participants will discover the strategies used to present the Herschel and Planck missions to a range of members of the public. Participants will be shown the multi-wavelength sky simulation and how it can be made available for use. Comments and suggestions for future development of the simulation will be welcomed.

Wednesday AM 45-Minute Sessions
Time: 10:45 a.m. ­ 11:30 a.m. Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Cypress Kepler Mission: Lessons Learned from Teacher Professional Development Workshops
Edna DeVore, SETI Institute, edevore@seti.org Pamela Harman, SETI Institute Alan Gould, Lawrence Hall of Science, UC Berkeley David Koch, NASA Ames Research Center
NASA's Kepler Mission conducts teacher professional development workshops on the search for exoplanets in the habitable zone of Sun-like stars. Each is supported by a Kepler team scientist, two Education & Public Outreach staff and local hosts. Activities combine a science content lecture and discussion, making models, kinesthetic activities, and interpretation of transit data. The emphasis is on inquiry-based instruction and supports science education standards in grades 7­12. Participants' kit includes an orrery, optical sensor and software to demonstrate transit detection. The workshop plan, teaching strategies, and lessons learned from evaluation will be discussed. Future events are planned. Session Outcomes: The Kepler Mission teacher professional development workshops are designed using the best practices and principals from the National Science Education Standards and similar documents. Sharing the outcome of our plans, strategies and formative evaluation results can
Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Laurel The Center for Astronomy Education (CAE) Ushers in a New Community-Based Model for Astronomy Education Research with the NSF Funded CCLI Phase III Collaboration of Astronomy Teaching Scholars (CATS) Program
Ed Prather, Center for Astronomy Education (CAE), Steward

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Wednesday, September 16, 2009 · 1:30 - 3:00 p.m.
be of use to other Education and Public Outreach practitioners who plan similar events. In sharing our experiences, we hope to assist others, and to learn from them as well. everyone else, yet few workshops are geared to meet their needs. In particular, science education faculty and other science faculty who help prepare future teachers can benefit from the latest Earth and space science discoveries, materials, and new activities. To be beneficial, these need to match state and national science education standards, demonstrate best practices, be easily accessible (and remain so for long periods), and incorporate science processes, such as inquiry. Presenters will share these needs, researched through surveys and focus group discussions. A team of scientists and science educators has delivered three such 2-day faculty institutes in early 2009, through our Faculty Institute for NASA Earth and Space Science Education (FINESSE) and will present several more in 2010-2011. Join us to learn what the institutes are about, what we've learned so far, and how to attend or promote one in the future. Session Outcomes: Participants will have a better understanding of the needs and challenges facing faculty involved in science teacher preparation, as well as an overview of the roles of community colleges and universities, and varying backgrounds and experience of the faculty. Participants will be better prepared to create their own materials and programs for faculty involved in teacher preparation. Participants will learn how to participate or build upon the FINESSE program.

Conference Strand: Connecting the Sciences in the Year of Science Location: Hickory Hawthorne Polar-SIM Hydrobot Explorer: Experience the Thrill of Piloting a Hydrobot under the Ice in Antarctica
Brad McLain, Space Science Institute, mclain@spacescience.org
Deep in the frigid waters of the Polar Regions lie untold dangers, conditions so harsh that even remotely-operated hydrobotic explorers struggle to navigate in safety. While striving to maintain physical integrity, avoid fuse overloads, and evade the tangles of their own tethers, these hydrobots pursue the mysteries of deep, undiscovered life. The missions of these brave bots, if successful, will help us test methods for finding life on other worlds known to have liquid water, like Jupiter's moon Europa and Saturn's moon Enceladus. The Polar-SIM: IPY Polar Hydrobot Simulator is an ambitious new venture into digital media and learning, designed to give users a realistic experience of cutting-edge underwater exploration in Antarctica. The project is funded by the National Science Foundation and produced by Principal Investigator Brad McLain. The centerpiece of Polar-SIM is a computer-based simulation of configuring, piloting, and operating a hydrobot in polar ocean and sub-glacial lake waters. Users make design decisions and conduct sonar mapping and bio-census of the sea floor. They face problems of navigation, power, and buoyancy while operating the bot's various instruments. Captains will experience both the frustrations and rewards of deep sea exploration, exposing a generation of young scientists to the importance of the polar realms. PI McLain is partnering with the Marine Advanced Technology Education (MATE) Center to provide training for students in actual hydrobot competitions. A substantial research component is examining learning and transfer from virtual experience to real-world application. Additional partners include Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Knight-Williams Research Communications, eduweb, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and the Colorado Consortium for Earth and Space Science Education. Additional information can be found at www.hydrobot.org. Session Outcomes: Session participants will: Get hands-on experience using the online simulation; Walk away with free access to the online simulation and accompanying educational materials; Learn about the associated research project into cognition and transfer using online games for education; Learn about Antarctica as a terrestrial analogue for the exploration of other worlds.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Oak Principles of Inquir y: Using Interactive Notebooks in Formal Education Programs
Aleya Van Doren, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, aleya.j.vandoren@nasa.gov
In this session participants will learn how to enrich their current formal education EPO practices and make a lasting impact on students by creating inquiry based resources out of "canned" science activities. What are the principles of inquiry? What does research say about this buzz-word ridden concept? Learn how to engage student's multiple intelligences, their predisposition for hands on activities, and the ideas behind brain based learning to make high quality, content rich classroom materials. EPO providers are in a unique position to influence and support teachers across the country, and often internationally. Session Outcomes: Participants will be able to: Explain the characteristics of inquiry-based science; Describe the process of incorporating inquiry into classroom lessons; Apply those characteristics to new activities; Apply those characteristics to standard lab activities to modify them.

Wednesday PM 90-Minute Sessions
Time: 1:30 p.m. ­ 3:00 p.m. Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Aspen Remote Data Acquisition Access and Issues for Research and Educational Use by Students, Teachers, and Amateur Astronomers
Rick Kang, Oregon Astrophysics Outreach -- Pine Mountain Observatory, rkang@efn.org
Measurement of data is the essence of Scientific Inquiry. Modern digital technology has made astrophysical data much more readily available to the
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Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Poplar Maximizing K­12 Science Impact: Working with Teacher Preparation Faculty
Christine Shupla, Lunar and Planetary Institute, shupla@lpi.usra.edu Stephanie Shipp, Lunar and Planetary Institute Greg Schultz, University of California at Berkeley
College faculty can benefit from professional development just like


Wednesday, September 16, 2009 · 1:30 - 3:00 p.m.
public. A panel of current providers of digital sky data (images and other formats) answers questions and discusses issues about accessing and using remote telescope facilities. We invite users of any experience level to attend. The panel will focus on how quality educational activities, particularly authentic scientific research, can now be done by students, educators, and amateurs who can access the realm of professional grade data taken by the remote facilities. We'll encourage discussion of problem areas in providing and using data, including educational/pedagogical issues as well as format, calibration, network, and other technical concerns. There will be a look at the future of astrophysical data access plus an invitation to explore research and educational aspects in greater depth at a future event. Posters and handouts will furnish references to the specifics of the facilities that are represented. We anticipate an opportunity (probably a dinner TBA) for the panelists and audience to meet informally during the conference to talk in detail about specific issues of interest. Session Outcomes: General Outcome: Participants (panelists and audience) will receive current information about providers of digital sky data and understand the issues that providers and users face to furnish, access, and use such data. Specific Outcomes: Users and Providers should have: 1. Received thorough information about the nature and capabilities of current remote facilities. 2. Their questions answered about how to select feasible projects and utilize remote research facilities. 3. Discussed resolution of any current data acquisition problems or issues. 4. An insight into the nature, access, and operation of facilities in the future. Data providers will have: 1. A better picture of operating details of other observatories.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Hickory Hawthorne Science Journalism: Using Science Literacy to Teach Fundamental Science
Barbara Mattson, Adnet & NASA/GSFC, barb.mattson@nasa.gov James C. Lochner, USRA & NASA/GSFC
Science has many stories to tell. A carefully crafted series of stories can create a rich experience based in science literacy to teach fundamental science concepts. In particular, framing the stories as historic news articles illustrates the process of science and opens up opportunities for multidisciplinary lessons. We will use NASA's Cosmic Times materials to illustrate how we applied this model to tell the story of our understanding of the expanding universe over the past century. Cosmic Times is a series of curriculum support materials and classroom activities for grades 7­12. The series includes six posters, each resembling the front page of a newspaper from a particular time during the past 100 years with articles describing the discoveries. The articles trace astronomer's efforts to determine the size of the universe, the nature of supernovae, and the nature of the expansion of the universe. Each poster is accompanied by inquiry-based lessons which teach the science, the process of science, and skills for science literacy. In addition, lessons include cross-curricular activities exploring the times and social circumstances of the discoveries. In this workshop, we will spend 45­60 minutes tracing one of the threads contained in the Cosmic Times and engaging in a few sample lessons. Participants will use their experiences with these materials as a springboard for a 30­45 minute discussion on how they could use the Cosmic Times methodology to create interdisciplinary, literacy-based materials for other science and astronomy topics. Session Outcomes: Participants in this workshop will gain an understanding of the Cosmic Times methodology of presenting the process of science alongside fundamental astronomy concepts using a science literacy and multidisciplinary approach. They will learn some of the content contained in the Cosmic Times materials and participate in a selection of the Cosmic Times lessons. In addition, participants will see how the Cosmic Times methodology could be adapted to other topics in astronomy and science. They will participate in a guided discussion to brainstorm science topics that would make an interesting story and to develop concrete ideas for stories and lessons that might be developed for a given topic.

Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future Location: Laurel WorldWide Telescope and Google Sky: New Technologies to Engage Students and the Public
Randall Landsberg, Kavli Institue for Cosmological Physics (KICP)/ University of Chicago, randy@oddjob.uchicago.edu Mark SubbaRao, Adler Planetarium & Astronomy Museum Lisa Dettloff, Nueva School
New, visually rich, astronomical software environments coupled with large web-accessible data sets hold the promise of new and exciting ways to teach, collaborate, and explore the universe. These freeware tools provide contextual views of astronomical objects, real time access to multiwavelength sky surveys, and, most importantly, the ability to incorporate new data and to produce user created content. This panel will examine the capabilities of Google Sky and WorldWide Telescope, and explore case studies of how these tools have been used to create compelling and participatory educational experiences in both formal (i.e., K­12 and undergraduate nonscience majors classrooms), and informal (e.g. museum) settings. Session Outcomes: This session will encourage attendees to use these technologies in the future and it will seed new ways of utilizing these tools in both formal and informal settings. It will also influence the future development of these software platforms (e.g., by providing feedback to their developers). Participants will: gain an understanding of the capabilities of these new tools; learn technical details; develop conceptual designs of new educational modules; explore the future of these technologies.

Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice Location: Oak Developing Scientists as Effective Communicators with Public Audiences
Dennis Schatz, Pacific Science Center, schatz@pacsci.org
The 43 experts at the Portal to the Public Synthesis meeting in January 2008 identified professional development is an important component of a scientist's preparation to interface with public audiences. They concluded that professional development should lead to an increase in scientists': 1. Self-awareness of strengths, weaknesses and fears regarding interacting with public audiences 2. Communication skills with the public 3. Understanding of public audiences (motivations, learning styles, etc.) Specific topics/strategies suggested to include in any professional development experience are:
Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program

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1. 2. 3. 4. How people learn Visitor types and motivations Strategies for working with various age groups Designing engaging and meaningful experiences that effectively use visuals and other materials 5. Providing a model of what effective interactions look like 6. Opportunities for scientists to practice their new skills 7. A range of ways for scientists to reflect, self-evaluate and get feedback on their interactions with the public 8. Scientists who excel at working with the public mentoring and training others 9. A focus on a specific role or event which provides motivation and focus to prepare for a specific type of interaction Participants in the session will understand these strategies and best practices. They will also experience portions of scientist professional development developed by the Portal to the Public project, including how to: 1. Build a common vision of a concept 2. Use questioning strategies to improve understanding 3. Talk with different types of audiences. Session Outcomes: 1. Participants understand the best practices/effective strategies for improving scientists' public communication skills as identified by the NSF funded Portal to the Public project; 2. Participants experience and are able to use a number of best practices/effective strategies for providing professional development that help scientists become better communicators with a wide variety of public audiences. contest and how to participate.

Conference Strand: Connecting the Sciences in the Year of Science Location: Aspen Partnerships with EPO Programs of NSF Research Centers (First Steps)
Daniel Steinberg, Princeton University, dsteinbe@princeton.edu Kristin Black, Stanford University Susan Elise Schultz, Stanford University
NASA, NSF and other funding organizations support science education and outreach to reach their broader impact goals. Organizations like ASP and the NSF Research Centers Educators Network (NRCEN) are building networks of EPO professionals to enhance programmatic success in reaching these goals. As the professionals who provide these programs to the various scientific communities, we are often the key connectors between investigators at cutting-edge research centers, the education world and the public. However, our profession does not have strong ties for sharing best practices across the different scientific disciplines. Session Outcomes: Participants will learn about EPO organizations affiliated with the National Science Foundation including NRCEN, the MRSEC Educators Network; Participants will walk away with knowledge of concept maps and logic models and will contribute in the creation concept maps which will be followed up via electronic communication and at future ASP and NRCEN meetings; Participants will contribute to a developing list of strategies that will facilitate improving connections between science education practitioners at NSF centers and members of ASP.

Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy Location: Cypress Building on the International Year of Astronomy: The Galileoscope Program
Robert Sparks, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, rsparks@noao.edu Constance E. Walker, NOAO Stephen M. Pompea, NOAO Richard T. Fienberg, AAS Douglas N. Arion, Carthage College
The International Year of Astronomy (IYA) offered opportunities to create exemplary educational programs. The Galileoscope program will impart the skills necessary for participants to lead activities at their home institution in which the public and students can learn how a telescope works while building their own small telescopes. The activities presented are suitable for use in a variety of settings including museums, science centers, planetariums, schools, university outreach efforts, and astronomy club events. The telescope activities are from the Hands-On Optics (HOO) program, which has developed a kit called Terrific Telescopes for use in educational outreach. Session Outcomes: Workshop participants will: Learn how to use the Galileoscope as an optical bench to illustrate various principles in optics; Assemble their own Galileoscope and learn it various observing configurations including both as a Keplerian and Galilean telescope; Learn supplemental activities from the Hands-On Optics program related to the optics principles of telescopes; Practice using the Galileoscope and observing tips; Learn how to lead a Galileoscope workshop for the general public and students; Learn about the Galileoscope Photo and Sketching

Poster Sessions
Time: 7:00 a.m. ­ 5:00 p.m., Monday ­ Wednesday Poster Location: Redwood 9:30 a.m. Oral Overview Sequoia Ballroom
Poster presenters are invited to give a 60-second overview of their poster to conference attendees using a single overhead transparency between 9:30 a.m. and 10:15 a.m. in Sequoia. Posters are available from 7:00 a.m. ­ 5:00 p.m. in Redwood.

Conference Strand: Building on the Momentum of the International Year of Astronomy IYA01 UC Berkeley's Celebration of the International Year of Astronomy 2009
Bethany Cobb, University of California, Berkeley, bcobb@astro.berkeley.edu
We present the astronomy outreach efforts currently underway at the University of California, Berkeley, in association with the International Year of Astronomy 2009. Our department-wide endeavors organized primarily by Berkeley researchers, postdocs and graduate students include a monthly public lecture series by UC Berkeley astronomers and a major astronomy outreach event during a campus-wide university open house, which included solar observing and a Starlab Planetarium. In addition to sharing our outreach techniques and outcomes, we discuss some of our
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unique strategies for advertising our events to the local community. Poster Outcomes: Participants will hear about what the UC Berkeley astronomy department is doing for public outreach during the International Year of Astronomy 2009. They will learn about our outreach techniques and outcomes, as well as strategies for advertising their outreach events in their own local communities. day- and night-time sky, and thereby engage a personal sense of wonder and discovery." As an outreach educator and festival producer, I produced a StarryTellingTM Festival in Kensington MD in 2008 and at STSCI in 2009 to inspire students and family audiences to look up at a nearly starless urban sky through ancient, modern and personal skylore and the arts. Families connected through a shared love of oral narrative. I work with local schools, including Parkland Magnet MS for Aerospace Technology, to entice students to create and record new stories based on their knowledge of contemporary astronomy. The results are beautiful, touching stories grounded in knowledge in modern science from globular clusters to star-formin g nebula to Virgin Galactic space tourism. Our intention is to play the recorded stories for family audiences in a local planetarium while the stars rotate overhead. A few examples will be presented in the poster. It's time to be inspired by skylore again and to Discover the Galileo in YouTM!

IYA02 Observing with NASA: Using Introductor y Online Telescope Experiences to Expand the Pipeline of Lifelong Astronomy Learners
Mary Dussault, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, mdussault@cfa.harvard.edu
Many sessions during this conference will highlight the rich and everexpanding repositories of astronomical data as a boon to the facilitation of authentic science inquiry experiences and new "citizen science" projects. In a recent position paper to the National Academies Astro2010 Decadal Survey entitled "The Revolution in Astronomy Education: Data Science for the Masses," the authors promote "the use of astronomical databases both as an effective mechanism in formal STEM education (through datacentric research experiences in the classroom) and as a way to teach data science skills relevant to all disciplines and citizens" (K.D. Borne et al, 2009). Yet how can we provide the pedagogical scaffolding necessary to prepare astronomy newcomers? Poster Outcomes: EPO professional will learn about the OWN program and be able to identify ways they might integrate features of it into their own programs. Poster is intended to stimulate conversation about making astronomy data inquiry experiences accessible to the broadest possible audience.

IYA05 The AstroDay Festival -- A Celebration of Astronomy and Hawaiian Culture
Gar y Fujihara, University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy, fujmon@mac.com
Through a collaboration between all of the observatories on Mauna Kea, the University of Hawaii, Department of Education, science centers Imiloa Astronomy Center and Onizuka Space Center, astronomy vendors, Hawaiian cultural organizations, local business and civic groups, the AstroDay Festival has been successful in communicating astronomy to the public since 2002. Building on the momentum of the International Year of Astronomy, this year's event featured Japan's space program with NEC Corporation Space Science Division and Canada-France-Hawaii's dazzling new Hawaiian Starlight video. Additionally, a scavenger hunt using unique astronomy trading cards distributed to booths at the event, encouraged attendees to visit every exhibit. Poster Outcomes: We offer our science education and outreach strategies to the astronomy community for review and potential adoption. Through the sharing of best practices, it is hoped that other institutions and organizations will be able to effectively communicate astronomy to their respective communities in meaningful ways.

IYA03 Scientists Like Me: Faces of Discover y
Alice Enevoldsen, Pacific Science Center, alice_enevoldsen@pacsci.org
During the International Year of Astronomy, Pacific Science Center hosted a photography exhibit, Scientists Like Me: Faces of Discovery. The exhibit contained photographs of real, current astronomers and scientists working in astronomy-related fields from all races, genders, fultural affiliations and walks of life. The photographs were taken and posters designed by Alyssa Trinh and Sarah Culp, Discovery Corps Interns (Pacific Science Center?s youth development program). This increased the amount of direct contact between students and scientists and gave the exhibit an emotional connection for local teachers and families. We made the finished posters from this exhibit available online for teachers for use in their classrooms. Poster Outcomes: Provide access to the finished posters for use by conference attendees; Provide details for other institutions interested in creating a similar project; Discuss the project outcomes: how successful it was for the interns, how successful it was for Pacific Science Center as an exhibit, how successful it was for teachers who received the posters, and how successful it was at changing the ingrained image of "scientist" for viewers of the exhibit; Connect with other institutions with similar projects to improve access to these projects for teachers.

IYA06 The International Year of Astronomy Meets National Science Week in Australia
Robert Hollow, CSIRO Australia Telescope National Facility, robert.hollow@csiro.au
National Science Week (NSWk) is an annual, federally funded event in Australia. As 2009 is the International Year of Astronomy several NSWk activities focused on the theme of astronomy. Astronomy: Science Without Limits is a 40 page resource book produced by the Australian Science Teachers Association for free distribution to all schools in Australia, K­12. The 2009 National Project was the Big Aussie Star Hunt. It encouraged people to go outside at night to find constellations, learn about Indigenous Australian astronomy and participate in a national light pollution survey. An overview of NSWk 2009 is presented together with results and feedback from these projects and a sample of other astronomy-related initiatives during the week. Poster Outcomes: 1. An outline of the structure and impact of a National Science Week; 2. Specific examples of two major national astronomyrelated programs for the week.

IYA04 Starr yTelling: Discover the Galileo in You!
Elizabeth Forbes Wallace, efwallace@aol.com
Skylore is stories made up about the moon, sun and stars; this project explores personal stories about the night sky, that is, modern day myth making. We call it StarryTellingTM. It supports the IYA mission "to help the citizens of the world rediscover their place in the Universe through the

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Poster Sessions
IYA07 Using IYA to Bring the Universe Down to Earth in the DC Metro Area
Anita Krishnamurthi, University of Maryland/NASA GSFC, anitak@aas.org Carmel Conaty Sarah Eyermann Trena Ferrell George Gliba Britt Griswold James Lochner Maggie Masetti Sara Mitchell Francis Reddy Todd Toth Aleya VanDoren
The Astrophysics Science Division at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center utilized the 100 Hours of Astronomy effort to pilot innovative ideas to reach new audiences and engage the local community. These events successfully engaged partners across Goddard and brought new audiences to Goddard and NASA during this International Year of Astronomy. During the week, we engaged professional astronomers, out-of-school-time educators, career counselors and local area K­12 teachers. The weekend events were targeted at families and the general public. In addition to bringing people to Goddard with events at the Goddard Visitors Center, we staged some events out in our local community. We will discuss how we obtained center-wide engagement and participation in this effort, present the long-term impact of this cross-disciplinary outreach, and share our plans beyond IYA. Poster Outcomes: Understanding how to organize such an effort; Understanding how to engage diverse partners and audiences; Efforts that are successful in reaching these audiences; Benefits of engaging these audiences and partners; How to test new ideas and then expand upon them. mock funding proposal. Throughout the course, an emphasis was placed on the importance of physical and textual evidence and observation, and the differences between a conjecture, a hypothesis, and a theory. Work for the course culminated in a four week research project, exploring the merits of the anthropic principle and the relationship between physics and philosophy, through which each student developed their own paper topic. Astro 1109 was designed as an outreach tool to improve scientific literacy by linking it to the traditional concepts of literacy and exposition. The assignments could be easily adaptable to students at different levels or with various levels of background on the topic. Poster Outcomes: The poster will provide an example and possible framework for a writing-based astronomy/cosmology course for nonmajors, including sample assignments and in-class activities.

IYA09 Telescope Marking Workshop for Teachers and Students
John Meredith, East Carolina University, meredithj@ecu.edu Tammy D. Lee, East Carolina University Sharon Schliegh, East Carolina University
The International Year of Astronomy (IYA 2009) provides a springboard to develop innovative enduring educational programming directed toward astronomy education. We developed a low-cost teacher training program in telescope making that can shared with teachers and students throughout eastern North Carolina, an underserved and economically depressed region. Promoting the values of scientific investigation, STEM education, and public awareness of astronomy are key cornerstones to our program; the first of its kind in eastern North Carolina. Poster Outcomes: Inform and educate the presentation participants about the development of a low cost teacher training program in telescope making that can be delivered to an underserved and rural area; thus supporting the momentum of IYA 2009, refining our practice as science educators, and bridging to the future by supporting student learning in astronomy.

IYA10 Scale the Solar System and Beyond: PlanetWalks and Exoplanets in the International Year of Astronomy
Sara Mitchell, SP Systems & NASA GSFC, sara.mitchell@nasa.gov
Space is big! The size and scale of the Universe can be incomprehensible and overwhelming, and we are constantly seeking new ways to make it more approachable to EPO audiences. During 100 Hours of Astronomy, the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Astrophysics Science Division partnered with a local park system to pilot a PlanetWalk event to bring the solar system down to a more manageable scale -- a mere 4.3 miles. Following the success of this project, we are developing a kit for dissemination to groups around the country. This project will use exploration of our solar system to introduce concepts of size and scale, bridging to ideas about planets outside of our solar system. Combinining a kinesthetic PlanetWalk with the artistic "Worlds Beyond" interpretation of extrasolar planets, we will introduce new ideas about distant and exotic planets using our neighboring planets as a model. Poster Outcomes: Poster visitors will be introduced to a new project about the solar system and extrasolar planets. They will network with the authors and potentially provide feedback or partnership on the effort. The authors are interested in discovering related projects and "lessons learned" on these efforts. Readers of the poster will see how forming community partnerships enables the staging of big events and how solar system and astrophysics topics can be treated together.

IYA08 Astronomy and Writing: A First-Year Cosmology Course for Nonmajors
Ann Martin, Cornell University, amartin@astro.cornell.edu
Astro 1109 (Spring 2009) is a first-year writing seminar offered through Cornell University's Knight Institute for Writing in the Disciplines. In this innovative writing program, graduate student and faculty instructors from more than 30 different departments teach the freshman composition course that is traditionally taught in English and literature departments. Every first year student takes two of these seminars, each with fewer than 17 students; students are assigned to a course by ballot, creating opportunities for students to interact with a discipline other than their own. In Astro 1109, a non-mathematical course based on readings, discussion, and formal and informal writing assignments, students engaged with various forms of expository and persuasive writing focused on the topic of cosmology. Texts included popular science books, like Dan Hooper's "Dark Cosmos," Pedro Ferreira's "The State of the Universe," and Alan Lightman's "Einstein's Dreams," and the coursework covered fundamental questions of space, time, and relativity, black holes, the expansion of the Universe, dark matter and dark energy, and the anthropic principle. Assignments were developed to introduce students to a wide range of scientific writing for the lay audience, such as a brief caption for a planetarium display or a

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IYA11 Distributing Scientific Instruments to High School Students World-Wide for the IHY and IYA
Deborah Scherrer, Solar Center, Stanford University, dscherrer@solar.stanford.edu
During the International Heliophysical Year (IHY) and International Year of Astronomy (IYA), we have focused on providing hands-on scientific instruments to high students in Developing Nations, with a special focus on Africa. My poster will describe the types of instruments and resources we have been providing to African students, how these are used to encourage participation in science, integration of resources into events such as Yuri's Night and World Space Week, and results from our assessment of instrument effectiveness in Developing Nations. Poster Outcomes: 1) increased understanding of needs in Developing Nations for science resources 2) increased enthusiasm for supporting science education in Developing Nations, especially in Africa. observatories. We received some voices from parents, "My children love the cards and they enjoyed reading the caption of each image."

IYA14 Involvement in and Sustainability of the Dark Skies Awareness Programs for the International Year of Astronomy
Constance Walker, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, cwalker@noao.edu
The International Year of Astronomy (IYA2009) has offered opportunities to create exemplary educational programs in astronomy, such as those through the cornerstone project, Dark Skies Awareness. The preservation of dark skies is important for many reasons including astronomy, energy conservation, wildlife conservation and even human health. Light pollution is a growing concern, yet it is one of the easiest global environmental problems citizen scientists can address on a local level. For this reason, "Dark Skies" is a cornerstone project of the International Year of Astronomy. Its goal is to raise public awareness of the impact of artificial lighting on local environments by getting people worldwide involved in a variety of programs.

IYA12 Results from the 100 Hours of Astronomy IYA2009 Cornerstone Project
Mike Simmons, Astronomers Without Borders, msimm@ucla.edu Douglas Pierce-Price, ESO
The 100 Hours of Astronomy (100HA) Cornerstone Project of IYA2009 was an unprecedented event involving thousands of amateur and professional astronomers in more than 100 countries. It is estimated that more than one million people observed through telescopes for the first time during the 24-hour Global Star Party. Around the World in 80 Telescopes, a 24-hour webcast from professional research observatories worldwide, drew hundreds of thousands of viewers and continues to be a useful resource. Local event planners showed innovation and creativity to draw crowds. 100HA's brand identity helped create a sense of a single worldwide celebration of astronomy. Poster Outcomes: The experiences of 100 Hours of Astronomy provide lessons for planning future large-scale public outreach events.

Conference Strand: Connecting the Sciences in the Year of Science YS15 New NASA-Funded Programs Available from Fiske Planetarium, University of Colorado
Doug Duncan, University of Colorado, dduncan@colorado.edu
Fiske Planetarium of the University of Colorado produces planetarium programs funded by NASA. These are available for free (for a nominal duplication cost) to your local planetarium. Different programs are designed for public, high school, and middle school audiences. Most are available in English and Spanish. All feature current, exciting, accurate science and cover topics in more depth than most planetarium programs (length is usually 40 minutes). Tell YOUR local planetarium to run some of these shows! The latest program -- "Many Faces of Hubble" -- goes behind the scenes to show how Hubble works: who chooses who gets to use it? How does it find its targets? What do the astronauts do when they visit it? Poster Outcomes: More planetariums will show these programs. Each one is designed to teach basic science concepts and also the role scientists and NASA play, so more students and members of the public will learn this.

IYA13 Astronomy Posters and Trading Cards at Mauna Kea and in Japan
Kumiko Usuda, Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, kumiko@naoj.org
The Mauna Kea Observatories Outreach Committee (MKOOC) is hosting special events and activities for International Year of Astronomy (IYA) 2009. We would like to report two(2) MKOOC's IYA events and a poster in Japan lead by Kumko S. Usuda. (1) Cosmic Poster Contest http:// www.naoj.org/IYA/Poster The contest was executed for K­12 students on the Big Island of Hawaii to make a community-friendly IYA poster. Students included both an astronomical theme and a Hawaiian theme in their posters. A local supermarket co-sponsored the contest. The awards ceremony was held on AstroDay, the annual event at the local shopping mall. (2) Mauna Kea Brand Astronomy Trading Cards http://www.naoj. org/IYA/Cards Kids love to collect and play with. Poster Outcomes: Thanks to the involvements by students and their families, and one of the local business leaders through the poster contest, we believe to improved the visibility of our IYA and regular outreach activities with the community. The winners and the sponsor will be great supporters of the observatories. By making play-and-learn style trading cards, we believe that local kids, their families, and teachers can learn with a fun about telescopes and astronomical images at their closest

YS16 The Giant Segemented Mirror Telescope Education Program
Robert Sparks, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, rsparks@noao.edu
The Giant Segmented Mirror Telescope (GSMT) is the next generation of large telescopes. Two current proposals for the GSMT are the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) and the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). We have developed educational activities to accompany the design phase of the GSMT. The current activities focus on challenges faced in the design of a large telescope. The first module is "Site Selection for the GSMT". This online module is based on the successful Astronomy Village program. Students evaluate several potential sites to decide where to build the GSMT. They must consider factors such as weather, light pollution, seeing, logistics, and geography.

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Poster Sessions
Conference Strand: Refining Our Practice RP17 Extraordinar y Matter: Visualizing Space Plasmas and Particles
S. Beth Barbier, NASA GSFC/SP Systems, Inc., Beth.Barbier@nasa.gov
We present an online NASA multimedia library, now in development, that is designed to assist educators with explaining concepts of basic particle physics. Such resources are few in number and/or difficult to locate, and most do not provide suitable context. On our site, each product will be accompanied by an explanation at a reading level matching the concept's educational level. The site will target grades 9­14 and the equivalent in informal education and outreach. Products are intended to stand alone, making them adaptable to the widest range of uses. Our team is in the process of determining specific needs, gaps, and priorities by surveying the potential user community, and participation will be offered to visitors. Poster Outcomes: Participants will learn about the existence and development of the online multimedia library. They will be given the opportunity to provide input on existing resources that could be added to the library and to request the development of specific new resources to assist with their own educational efforts. community. This poster will highlight the Hubble Education Impact Study which includes a national sample of users representing various formal and informal education venues. We continue to study how and why Hubble materials are selected, how they are used, and how they are integrated into various programs. The Hubble Education Impact Study has been an ongoing evaluation component of the Hubble Education Program during the past twelve years, and through comprehensive data collection and metrics, we continue to identify new and unique ways that various audiences are using Hubble products.

RP20 The Silicon Valley Astronomy Lecture Series: An Example of Cooperation among Many Domains of Astronomy Outreach
Andrew Fraknoi, Foothill College, fraknoiandrew@fhda.edu
For ten years now, Foothill College, ASP, NASA Ames, and the SETI Institute have cooperated in presenting a major public lecture series on new developments in astronomy to the public in Silicon Valley. In the last few years, the lectures have become available in both audio and video format on the Web (at no charge). Speakers have included a Nobel-prize winner, ASP Presidents, SETI Pioneers, planet discoverers, and many other distinguished scientists. About 400 to 900 people attend each evening lecture, and credit is available to those who attend six lectures and write a paper. The partners in this project each contribute to the enterprise in their own way. The podcasts from the series are the most popular parts of the ASP web site. Poster Outcomes: Those who read the poster may be inspired to try such a cooperative venture at their own institutions or may at least be encouraged to experiment with podcasting public events as we do.

RP18 Looking for Life in Extreme Environments on Earth and Beyond: Professional Development Workshop for Educators
Ruth Droppo, Indiana Univeristy, rdroppo@indiana.edu
The Looking for Life in Extreme Environments workshop uses a workbook and DVD entitled, Exploring Deep-Subsurface Life. Earth Analogues for Possible Life on Mars: Lessons and Activities that was produced and edited by Lisa Pratt and Ruth Droppo, and published by NASA in 2008. This is the first of a developing series of professional development workshops for high-school teachers based on the research of faculty members in the Departments of Geological Sciences, Biology, and Astronomy, the School of Education, and the School of Public and Environmental Affairs at Indiana University Bloomington. Poster Outcomes: To introduce the viewers of this poster to the workshop series on Extreme Environments. The E/PO group in the Department of Geological Sciences at Indiana University is expanding into a diverse community of scientists, artists, educators, and representatives from the Indiana business sector, all working toward a common goal: to help teachers develop confidence in the language of science, and to equip them with first-hand knowledge of field experiences. Scientists at Indiana University and NASA give the lectures and lessons in these workshops and bring current scientific research to the educators.

RP21 Update on Remote Telescope Facilities for E/PO and Research Use by Students, Educators, and Amateur Astronomers
Kelly Graves, Swinburne University, 6234283@swin.edu.au
Remote telescope technologies, providers, and purposes have changed over the past five years. Digital data is more readily available than ever for Education and Public Outreach, and is also being used for research by increasing numbers of students and amateur astronomers, as well as professionals. Join our session Wednesday afternoon where telescope and image providers, educators, outreach presenters, and users discuss many aspects of this changing topic.

RP22 Get Your Students to Do the Outreach!
Eric Hooper, University of Wisconsin-Madison, ehooper@astro.wisc.edu
Five radio shows. A full-page color spread in the campus newspaper. An interactive activity at the local children's museum. An outing with Boy Scouts. Star party for a dorm. Youtube videos. Children's books. This is just a sampling of group projects planned and executed by students in a nonmajors introductory astronomy course in a single semester. Everyone in the class was tasked with joining a group self-organized around common interests to produce a product or activity that would communicate some aspect of astronomy to a segment of the general population. These projects gave the students a creative outlet to merge some of their outside interests with the course material, a practical exposure to scientific communication, an opportunity for peer instruction including peer evaluation, and a chance to hone their skills in managing group dynamics.
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RP19 The Impact of Hubble E/PO: Telling the Stor y
Bonnie Eisenhamer, Space Telescope Science Institute, bonnie@stsci.edu Dan McCallister, STScI Holly Greethouse, STScI Linda Knisely, STScI
As part of its evaluation program, STScI's Office of Public Outreach has been conducting an extensive impact study to determine the use of Hubble E/PO materials and their effectiveness in meeting the needs of the E/PO


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The semester long effort began with individual submissions of ideas for subjects and media by everyone in the class. After these ideas were categorized, students began organizing the groups on a web discussion board. In addition to the product itself, they had to articulate their learning goals for the intended audience and describe how they planned to evaluate the success of the project and the attainment of their goals. The group members sought outside advice from people in other groups during one week of the course discussion section. They turned in a progress report and then a first draft, the latter also sent to a different group for review. After feedback from the instructor and a week of the teaching assistant's office hours devoted to scheduled meetings with each group, the students drafted the final versions and made presentations near the end of the semester. Poster Outcomes: After going through this poster, it is anticipated that readers will: Appreciate the creativity and skill which even non-majors can bring to astronomy outreach; Come away with a sense of how the various elements of the group project contribute to its success; Have enough information about the group project structure, the assignments, and the logistics to implement a similar activity in their own classrooms. Poster Outcomes: Students will complete astronomy projects and enter them in Science Fairs.

RP25 Incorporating Broader Themes to Enhance the Appeal of a Science Outreach Event
Andy Kreyche, Hartnell College, akreyche@hartnell.edu
You can increase attendance and improve the dynamic of your science outreach event by merging science activities with other themes. Fine Arts performances in particular can attract both a built in audience and a cultural component that broaden the popular appeal of an event, thereby attracting a larger and more diverse turnout. This has proven to be very effective for outreach targeting populations that are traditionally underrepresented in science disciplines. Using the Annual Alisal Union School District/Hartnell College Family Science & Health Day as a successful model, this poster documents an annual outreach event that increased attendance fourfold over three years. Held in the past as "Family Science Day," this successful event was hosted and organized exclusively by the college. Its hallmark was a variety of fun activities and demonstrations in math and multiple Science disciplines. In this form, the event did a good job of attracting parents and students wanting to engage in Science learning. The event was reborn and restructured three years ago as collaboration between Hartnell and the Alisal Union School District, which has a student population that is over 90% Latino.

RP23 Reflecting on Four Years of Astronomy from the Ground Up
Anna Hurst, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, ahurst@astrosociety.org
This poster will reflect on the successes, challenges, and lessons learned during four years of Astronomy from the Ground Up (AFGU). AFGU is a professional development program for informal science educators, run by the Astronomical Society of the Pacific in cooperation with the National Optical Astronomy Observatory and the Association of ScienceTechnology Centers. Since 2005, we have provided hands-on materials, face-to-face workshops and extensive online learning opportunities, and have built up a thriving online community of over 450 informal educators at museums, science centers, nature centers, and parks across the U.S. We will share our experiences and lessons learned, and summarize our professional development for the ISE audience. Poster Outcomes: Visitors to this poster will see the value added to science outreach events when adopting a more expansive and inclusive philosophy. To reach a broader audience, it is useful to open up to new partnerships and experiences. Particularly in dealing with people from a different cultural and economic reality, exposure to new experiences is dependent upon maintaining a level of ease and familiarity. Techniques and ideas for building these bridges will be apparent to those viewing this poster.

RP26 The Impact of a 5E Conceptual Change Approach to Astronomy Education
Michelle Krok, San Francisco State University, mkrok@stars.sfsu.edu
Employing the research-based curricular planning approach called the 5E Model (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate), we developed five planetarium-based labs for non-science majors to teach students how to predict the apparent motions of the Sun, Moon, and stars from different positions on Earth. Our goal was to determine the effectiveness of the curriculum's ability to foster conceptual change over the course of a semester for two classes (N~33). Open-ended responses preceded by a multiple choice question were used to assess student content knowledge before and after each laboratory. We found positive shifts for 13 out of the 15 assessments (86%) based on quantitative analysis of the closed-ended responses.

RP27 Creating an Institution-Wide Culture of Improvement in University Science Teaching
Robert Mathieu, University of Wisconsin-Madison, mathieu@astro.wisc.edu
A network of universities (Howard, Michigan State, Texas A&M, University of Colorado at Boulder, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Vanderbilt) created a National Science Foundation funded organization to promote the development of STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) faculty committed to learning, implementing, and advancing teaching techniques that are effective for the wide range of students enrolling in higher education. This Center for the Integration of Teaching, Research, and Learning (CIRTL) is developing and evaluating professional development programs for current and future faculty. The program includes courses and workshops, tools, and advice for new institutions which wish to replicate the enterprise. Poster Outcomes: After going through this poster, it is anticipated that readers will: Ponder how their institutions promote effective teaching and learning and consider whether more can be done; Contemplate how their

RP24 HI STAR: Promoting Student Astronomy Research Projects
Mary Ann Kadooka, University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy, kadooka@ifa.hawaii.edu
How do you find middle and high school students willing to participate in an astronomy boot camp? What happens when motivated, passionate young people get stimulated by astronomers willing to be their project mentors? Just as the saying goes, "It takes a village to raise a child", it takes committed adults supporting a student to result in projects worthy of Science Fair entry. We will share our process to encourage students to consider pursuing STEM majors in college by giving them insights into the astronomy research world. We believe that the keen interest in astronomy is the best criterion to use and fueling that enthusiasm starts the students on an incredible journey into science.

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own teaching relates to the three pillars, "Teaching as Research," "Learning through Diversity," and "Creating Learning Communities;" Know where to find CIRTL and Delta resources and whom to contact if they are interested in establishing a related program at their institution. 2) Gain an introduction to what is age-appropriate STEM learning for students in K­4; 3) Have a familiarity with the three curricula highlighted in the poster; 4) View examples of student work to gain an understanding the kind of learning that can take place in K­4 classrooms; 5) A basic appreciation of methodologies for integrating science with literary, math and art; 6) An overall increased interest in science in the primary grades.

RP28 Probing Student Understanding of Cosmology
Kevin McLin, Sonoma State University, mclin@universe.sonoma.edu
Recently, powerful new observations and advances in computation and visualization have led to a revolution in our understanding of the origin, evolution and structure of the universe. These gains have been vast, but their impact on education has been limited. At Chicago State (CSU), we are implementing new inquiry-based instructional materials in our astronomy lab course. We are researching the effectiveness of these materials, focusing on student understanding of cosmology. As part of a collaborative effort with the University of Nevada Las Vegas and Sonoma State (SSU) to develop a cosmological subject inventory, we administered an open-ended survey prior to instruction and conducted student interviews using the survey.

RP31 A Heliophysics Education and Public Outreach Effort: Training and Supporting the Trainers
Laura Peticolas, Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, laura@ssl.berkeley.edu
Professional development of educators is recognized by the science education profession as an essential component to foster high quality science teaching for students at all levels. The Glenn Commission's "Before It's Too Late: A Report to the Nation from the National Commission on Mathematics and Science Teaching for the 21st Century" (NCTM, 2000), stated, "Better mathematics and science teaching is grounded, first of all, in improving the quality of teacher preparation and in making continuing professional education available for all teachers." In an effort to 1) provide greater coherence to NASA's Heliophysics Educator Professional Development (PD) activities and 2) create a national network of Heliophysics Educators. The Heliophysics Educator Ambassadors (HEA) Program is led by the THEMIS/ARTEMIS mission in a collaborative effort with IBEX, AIM, RHESSI, TIMED, MMS, and Cluster. Our PD approach for middle and high school educators focuses on in-depth learning experiences afforded by long duration workshops and ongoing support during a four year period. We will share lessons learned about bringing together so many different missions to create the week-long PD workshop that launched the HEA program. We will also provide evaluation results from our week-long workshop. Poster Outcomes: Participants will have an awareness of the Heliophysics Educator Ambassador Program. Participants will be able to explain the benefits of bringing together many NASA science missions under one program. Participants will understand which methods we used to bring coherence and best learning practices to the week-long PD workshop. Participants will engage in which of these methods were most effective based on the evaluation results. Participants will be able to use the lessons we have learned in their own programs and practices.

RP29 Utilizing the "Mental Model Building" Instructional Methodology, Coupled with Actual Lunar Observations and Data Gathering, in Teaching the Cause and Process of the Lunar Phases
Manual Mon, Florida Gulf Coast University, mmon@fgcu.edu
The cause and process of the lunar phases is a difficult concept for undergraduate non-science majors to grasp. Reading a text and looking at drawings or diagrams may not provide a true conceptual understanding for most of these students. Using an inquiry, hands-on instructional method such as Mental Model Building (MMB) may prove more efficacious, especially when coupled with the students' own observations and data gathering. We utilized this methodology in a pilot study conducted with non-science major undergraduate students in General Education Astronomy and Physical Science courses during the 2009 spring semester at Florida Gulf Coast University (FGCU). The students gathered observational data through two lunar phase cycles. Poster Outcomes: We will determine the effectiveness of the Mental Model Building teaching methodology, coupled with actual astronomical observations of the Moon, in the students' conceptual understanding of the cause and process of the lunar phases. This project will also introduce the students to the use of the scientific method in actual lunar observations.

RP32 Do-It-Ourselves Science: A Case Study of Volunteer-Initiated Citizen Science Involvement
Jordan Raddick, John Hopkins University, raddick@jhu.edu Georgia L. Bracey, Southern Illinois Univ. Edwardsville Pamela L. Gay, Southern Illinois Univ. Edwardsville
Galaxy Zoo is a citizen science website in which members of the public volunteer to classify galaxies, helping astronomers conduct publishable research into galaxy morphologies and environments. Although the site was originally created to answer a few specific questions, some members of the community -- both scientists and volunteers -- have spontaneously developed an interest in a wider variety of questions. Volunteers have pursued answers to these questions with guidance from professional astronomers; in completing these projects, volunteers have created their own research questions and their own plans for data analysis, and have even created their own tools. They are planning to write scientific papers with the results to be submitted to peer-reviewed scientific journals. Along the way, volunteers' discussions have shown suggestive evidence of scientific thinking. These volunteer-initiated projects have extended the
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RP30 Supporting STEM Interest among Young Learners: Three Proven Space Science Curricula for the Early Grades
Ruth Paglierani, University of California, Berkeley, Center for Science Education, ruthp@ssl.berkeley.edu
Enthusiasm for science in the early grades plays a key role in career decisions. A recent SRI study suggests that attracting students to STEM is particularly effective in the elementary school years. To this end we have developed three successful K­4 NASA curricula, Eye on the Sky, Reading, Writing and Rings! and The Solar System Through the Eyes of Scientists. All were developed by NASA scientists and UC Berkeley educators in partnership with teachers. We will highlight best practices for developing materials for the early grades and strategies for integrating science across the curriculum -- integrating science with math, language arts and art. Examples of student work will be showcased. Poster Outcomes: After viewing the poster, attendees will: 1) Have a greater understanding of why STEM belongs in the elementary classroom;


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scientific reach of Galaxy Zoo, while also giving volunteers first-hand experience with the process of science. We are interested in the process by which volunteers become interested in volunteer-initiated research, and what tasks they participate in, both initially and as their involvement increases. What motivates a volunteer to become involved in a volunteer-initiated project? How does his or her motivation change with further involvement? We are conducting a program of qualitative education research into these questions, using as data sources the posts that volunteers have made to the Galaxy Zoo forum and transcripts of interviews with volunteers. have increased their knowledge, confidence, and interest in space sciences, and motivation to share that knowledge with young people; Four kits of materials will continue to be used in a variety of settings; The OMK Cosmic Camps will reach at least 120 youth from diverse backgrounds who have a parent in the military, and provide them with a fun, supportive learning experience with their peers; Afterschool Universe activities will result in increased interest in space sciences, NASA missions, and science in general.

RP35 Preparing Pre-Service Teachers in a Project Based Astronomy Course
Sharon Schleigh, East Carolina University, SCHLEIGHS@ecu.edu
A concern for science education is preparing our future teachers well enough to have the content knowledge and the pedagogical knowledge to enter into the classroom with effective skills and strategies to support student learning. Often, the content and pedagogy in science courses focuses heavily on the biological and physical science disciplines, with rare opportunities for pre-service teachers to develop their content and pedagogical knowledge in astronomy. Because of this, teachers that end up teaching astronomy, either as an independent course or as content within an integrated course (such as physical science), rely on developing their own knowledge. If we want to develop stronger, more effective teachers in astronomy, and if we want to encourage more students in the field of astronomy, then our pre-service programs should provide strong programs which include content, pedagogy, and pedagogical content in astronomy. In previous years, I have worked in collaboration with astronomers in professional development programs for in-service teachers, and in summer enrichment programs for middle and high school students to develop authentic research projects that teach content and pedagogical knowledge in astronomy. This presentation builds on research for teacher education, and on those experiences from authentic project learning, and shares the successes of the projects, teaching strategies, and scaffolding which have then been modified for an astronomy course to support the learning and preparation of our pre-service teachers, at East Carolina University.

RP33 A National Study Assessing the Teaching and Learning of Introductor y Astronomy Part II: Analysis of Student Demographics
Alexander Rudolph, Cal Poly Pomona, alrudolph@csupomona.edu
This is the second in a series of reports on a national study of the teaching and learning of astronomy in general education, non-science major, introductory astronomy courses (Astro 101). We report here on the analysis of how individual student characteristics affect student learning in these classes, and whether the demonstrated positive effect of interactive learning strategies on student learning differs based on these characteristics. This analysis was conducted using data from nearly 2000 students enrolled in 69 Astro 101 classes taught across the country. These students completed a 15-question demographic survey, in addition to completing the 26-question Light and Spectroscopy Concept Inventory (LSCI) pre- and post-instruction. The LSCI was used to determine student learning via a normalized gain calculated for each student. A multivariate regression analysis was conducted to determine how ascribed characteristics (personal demographic and family characteristics), obtained characteristics (academic achievement and student major), and the use of interactive learning strategies predict student learning in these classes. The results show dramatic improvement in student learning with increased use of interactive learning strategies even after controlling for individual characteristics. In addition, we find that the positive effects of interactive learning strategies are the same for strong and weak students, men and women, across ethnicities, and regardless of primary language. These results strongly suggest that all categories of students benefit from interactive learning strategies. Poster Outcomes: Participants will be exposed to research into Astronomy Education showing that Interactive Learning Strategies can substantially improve student learning in their Astro 101 classes.

RP36 Building Public Outreach from the Ground Up
Neal Sumerlin, Lynchburg College, sumerlin@lynchburg.edu
Public outreach programs at observatories are often afterthoughts for facilities that are primarily devoted to research and/or instructional uses. How would one design a facility to serve all three functions well, given the opportunity to do so from the beginning? We had that opportunity with the Lynchburg College Belk Observatory, and we describe here several stages in the process: initial design of the facility, choice of equipment, establishment of a "docent" volunteer program for public outreach, and implementation of the program. We'll talk about our successes, our challenges, what we would do differently, and offer suggestions for those considering similar ventures. Poster Outcomes: EPO practitioners will be able to: Better design a new facility intended for astronomy public outreach; Modify an existing facility to better serve outreach functions; Initiate or modify volunteer programs to work more efficiently.

RP34 New York State "Operation: Militar y Kids" Afterschool Universe Cosmic Camps
Nancy Schaff, Cornell Center for Radiophysics & Space Research, nancys@astro.cornell.edu
The Center for Radiophysics & Space Research (CRSR) is partnering with the New York State Operation: Military Kids (OMK) program to offer four weekend Cosmic Camps for youth from military families, utilizing the Afterschool Universe program. NYS Operation: Military Kids is a partnership of Army Child, Youth & School Services, USDA 4-H National Headquarters, and Cornell Cooperative Extension of Jefferson County/ NYS 4-H Youth Development Program. The camps are designed to offer military youth a supportive environment that will assist them before, during and after deployment of a parent. Poster Outcomes: Twenty trained leaders will continue to offer Afterschool Universe programs and activities in a variety of settings; The trained leaders
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RP37 Applying Lessons Learned from the First Air Slam
Terr y Teays, MD Space Grant Consortium/Johns Hopkins University, teays@pha.jhu.edu
During the summer of 2007 the National Federation of the Blind (NFB) brought approximately 200 students who were blind or low-vision to the Johns Hopkins University campus to participate in four days of
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hands-on STEM activities. This was called Youth Slam, and was the first program ever tried of this type. The Maryland Space Grant Consortium (MDSGC) conducted one major activity, Air Slam. Air Slam had six teams of three students, plus an NFB mentor for each team. During Air Slam the students assembled a simple detector and transmitter to measure the air temperature as a function of altitude. The detectors were launched on large party balloons from the Johns Hopkins University campus in the center of Baltimore (with FAA approval). Poster Outcomes: The application of lessons learned from a hands-on STEM activity for blind students to an improved workshop will illustrate the development of an efficient workshop.

BF40 Getting Lun(ar)y at McDonald Observator y
Frank Cianciolo, University of Texas McDonald Observatory, frankc@astro.as.utexas.edu
The McDonald Observatory offers a number of "Special Viewing Nights" on several of our research telescopes at various times. Most of these programs are designed to take advantage of our dark West Texas skies by observing many deep-space objects such as nebulae and galaxies. Building on our IYA momentum, however, we decided to design a new Viewing Night to highlight that very first celestial telescopic target and banisher of dark skies, the Moon. Using digital imagers and large format monitors as well as eyepieces allows for detailed viewing of numerous lunar features. Hands-on activities enhances program participants understanding of basic concepts such as phases and cratering.

RP38 An Update on the Journal "Astronomy Education Review" and Why Your Work Isn't Done until You Have Published
Sidney Wolff, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, swolff@noao.edu Andrew Fraknoi, Foothill College Judy Johnson, AAS Chris Biemesderfer, AAS
The journal "Astronomy Education Review" was recently brought under the aegis of the American Astronomical Society and is now being published, through the American Institute of Physics at: http://aer.aip.org. We discuss some of the ways in which the new publishing platform has changed the experience for both authors and readers, the search for a new editor as Sidney Wolff retires, issues about the future of the journal, and the many different kinds of papers and articles AER publishes. In addition, we discuss the need for ongoing publication in a refereed journal of many of the projects discussed at this meeting, and how publication can benefit EPO professionals, the funders and agencies for whom they work, and the field in general.

BF41 SNAP -- An Astrophysics Camp that Flies High
Douglas Forbes, Sir Wilfred Grenfell College, Memorial University of Newfoundland Darlene English
It has become widely recognized that there is a shortage of students coming out of provincial high schools who plan to pursue careers in scientific and technical fields. Yet these areas are crucial to the building of the "knowledge-based" economy that government is trying to develop in Newfoundland and Labrador. We are planning to capture the interest and excite the imaginations of Grade 11 students in a three-day astrophysics camp. The School for Nuclei, Astrophysics, and Particles (SNAP) will combine an introduction to particle physics and astrophysics with handson experience in building and flying a balloon-borne cosmic ray detector to the very edge of space.

Conference Strand: Bridging to the Future BF39 Space Rocks for the Public -- Lunar and Meteorite Sample Education Disk Program
Jaclyn Allen, NASA JSC Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science, jaclyn.allen-1@nasa.gov
NASA is eager to get space rocks into classrooms, museums, science centers, and public libraries. The Lunar sample education disks and the Meteorite sample education disks are valuable tools for engaging students in the exploration of the Solar System. They help educators provide a solid connection to some of the key questions scientists are exploring about the early formation of our solar system. With these samples educators in museums, science centers, libraries, and classrooms can make connections to the key questions pursued by missions to Moon and to Vesta and Ceres. The Lunar and Meteorite loan program has been reorganized to increase reach, security and accountability. Poster Outcomes: The Lunar and Meteorite Sample Education Disk Program is set up to bridge to new education programs to carry NASA exploration to more people. Getting Space Rocks out to the public and connecting the public to the current space exploration missions is a new focus the NASA disk loan program. Connecting science centers and museums to the loan program is key to sharing this program with E/PO specialists at ASP. We want to allow a larger part of the science education community to borrow space rocks to share with classrooms and the public.

BF42 Advancing the Future of STEM Workforce Development: The Capitol College Space Operations Institute
Michael Gibbs, Capitol College, mggibbs@capitol-college.edu
The Capitol College Space Operations Institute (SOI) has a Cooperative Agreement with NASA Goddard Space Flight Center that provides undergraduate students real-world learning experiences enhancing their careers in STEM disciplines. This poster session highlights the current NASA - Capitol College relationship through the SOI and future opportunities in advancing the goals of improving science literacy while simultaneously encouraging students to enter the STEM workforce. Examples include student learning experiences with the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), a satellite operated by the SOI at the Goddard Space Flight Center. Poster Outcomes: For individuals within the EPO community to learn about the Capitol College Space Operations Institute and the astronomy, space science and STEM workforce development work that is underway and planned for the future.

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BF43 Bringing the Moon Down to Earth -- PISCES Outreach Activities during ISRU Field Test
John C. Hamilton, University of Hawaii, jch@hawaii.edu C. Anderson R. Fox F. Schowengerdt
This poster presents a summary of the educational outreach activities sponsored by PISCES during the November 2009 ISRU Field test. Due to the remoteness of the field test, a public day was held in the city of Hilo at the 'Imiloa Astronomy Center. This day-long outreach event featuring three robot rovers was held post test where school children could control the robots and enjoy presentations in the Planetarium by NASA researchers. During the field test, media video webcasts and live school presentations by PISCES and NASA officials were held across the island. Follow-up visits to the schools using Space Exploration as a hook for developing interest in STEM classes was done. Throughout all events, University of Hawaii - Hilo undergraduates assisted as peer presenters. Poster Outcomes: Lessons learned in Public Outreach Day -- how to make it more effective; What not to do, what to do; Having better public outreach will benefit the sciences as more people become more enthused about it! and two new teaching tools: the Very Small Radio Telescope (VSRT) which teaches radio wave basics and interferometry and the MOSAIC system for measuring ozone in the mesosphere.

BF46 Making the Case for Quality Science Programming for Older Youth in Out-of-School Time
Irene Porro, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, iporro@mit.edu
We present the Youth Astronomy Apprenticeship (YAA) as a successful example of a model to promote science learning among older youth (age 14­ 19) from underserved communities. The strategies implemented in the YAA model are supported by and reflect the following understandings: 1. There is a growing consensus that science activities in OST can support STEM learning in particular for youth from underrepresented and underserved groups. 2. Among populations underrepresented in STEM, older youth are often underserved by OST programs because they require programming conditions, both programs offered and expertise of adult staff involved, different from those that serve younger children. Poster Outcomes: The aim of this paper is to communicate the importance, the need and the opportunity to focus more of the efforts of the informal science education community to support a well-rounded education for older youth, especially those from underserved and underrepresented groups.

BF44 Kids Capture Their Universe: An After-School Bridge from Science Content to Youth Development
Mark Hartman, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, mhartman@space.mit.edu
A common goal in education and public outreach is to improve science literacy and preparation for STEM careers among American students. There is a growing consensus that science activities in out-of-school time (OST) can support this overarching objective for a wide range of students. (Afterschool Alliance, 2008) In support of this effort, we provide an example of an after-school program that is designed to complement the science learning that takes place in the classroom. During the Kids Capture their Universe apprenticeship (KCU), middle school youth engage in activities modeled after some of the tasks performed by professional astronomers, such as exploring images using simple image processing software and sharing results. Poster Outcomes: After-school professionals and EPO professionals will learn about the KCU program and alternative implementation models the project team has developed. Some of them will develop an interest and/or make a commitment to implement the KCU program at after-school sites in their geographical area. This presentation aims to promote the dissemination of the KCU program and implementation models nation-wide.

BF47 Students across Texas Celebrate Astronomy Day via Distance Learning
Sandra Preston, The University of Texas McDonald Observatory, sandi@stardate.org
Over the past three years, McDonald Observatory has offered special Astronomy Day videoconference programs to students across Texas-the second largest state in the U.S. (Only Alaska is larger.) Videoconferencing allows many students and teachers access to our Observatory, which is remotely located 180 miles (290 kilometers) from any major city. Poster Outcomes: We will provide an example of how we used Astronomy Day to make teachers and students aware of our institution as a resource, to promote the International Year of Astronomy, and to introduce science concepts related to astronomy. We will show how we used an existing statewide network to disseminate existing astronomy programs. We will discuss future activities that are emerging as a result of the work we are doing and the lessons we are learning.

Conference Strand: Other OT48 Night Sky Network: The Searchable Nationwide Database of Astronomy Events
ZoÊ Ames, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, zames@astrosociety.org
Finally there is a way to find amateur astronomy events anywhere in the United States: the Night Sky Network! With support from NASA, the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP) developed the Night Sky Network (NSN) in 2004. The NSN was created in response to research conducted by the Institute for Learning Innovation (ILI) to determine what type of support astronomy clubs needed to increase the efficiency and reach of their educational outreach programs. In the NSN's first five years, the ASP in association with NASA missions developed eight astronomy toolkits covering a wide range of topics and a system to allow clubs report on their public events. Since its creation the NSN has grown to include over 300 clubs.
Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future Conference Program

BF45 Science from the Woods: Educational Outreach at MIT Haystack Observator y
Madeleine Needles, MIT Haystack Observatory, mneedles@haystack.mit.edu
MIT Haystack Observatory has been actively introducing radio astronomy and space weather to students and the general public for over two decades. The Observatory's outreach includes lectures and open house events, participation in science festivals, projects with local museums, and work with local teachers and schools. This poster focuses on such outreach activities as Solar Storms to Radio Waves -- a children's museum exhibit; Space Weather FX -- a video podcast series; teaching materials created through Haystack's NSF Research Experiences for Teachers (RET) program;
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Poster Outcomes: This poster provides a framework for the creation of an online systemdeveloped by studying the culture of amateur astronomers who do publicoutreach. Those who look at the poster may be moved to use our framework tocreate a similar system for amateurs with a focus other than astronomy. internationally. We have additionally contracted a website on IYA over the local newspaper's website. This website is an extension of this special edition. In addition to printing 60,000 copies for distribution the "Stars Over Mauna Kea" astronomy supplement is downloadable. Throughout the year, the website, http://www.hawaiitribune-herald.com/somk/, will the updated with interesting articles, images, schedule of events, new discoveries and the latest in research on Mauna Kea. Poster Outcomes: An increased knowledge of Astronomy on the Big Island and around the world. The supplement also tells the history of the telescopes, their importance, and how they came to be on Mauna Kea.

OT49 Seeing the Invisible: Educating the Public on Planetar y Magnetic Fields and How They Affect Atmospheres
Matthew Fillingim, Space Sciences Lab, University of California, Berkeley, matt@ssl.berkeley.edu
Magnetic fields and charged particles are difficult for school children, the general public, and scientists alike to visualize. But studies of planetary magnetospheres and ionospheres have broad implications for planetary evolution, from the deep interior to the ancient climate, that are important to communicate to each of these audiences. This presentation will highlight the visualization materials that we are developing to educate audiences on the magnetic fields of planets and how they affect the atmosphere. The visualization materials that we are developing consist of simplified data sets that can be displayed on spherical projection systems and portable 3-D rigid models of planetary magnetic fields. Poster Outcomes: Participants will be make aware of the status of our activities. ASP participants will also be able to use the lessons we have learned in their own programs and practices.

OT52 Bringing NASA Earth and Space Science EPO into Second Life
John Ireton, Earth Space Exploration, fireton@mac.com
Second Life is a virtual 3D metaverse. With over 9 million users worldwide, Second Life has seen a growth rate of about 10 percent per month. Second Life hosts 200 educational and institutional "islands" or sims. At any one time there may be 40,000­50,000 users on line. Users develop a persona and are seen on screen as a human figure or avatar. Avatars are able to move around by walking, flying, or teleporting. The Second Life education group hosts an educational mailing list of over 1,800 and Second Life conferences conduct education related strands. Information on downloading the Second Life browser and joining can be found on the Second Life website: www.secondlife.com. This poster details the design and creation of two islands in Second Life for Earth and space science EPO. Lunar Exploration Island (LEI) highlights NASA's LRO/LCROSS missions. Avatars enter LEI via teleportation to an orientation room with information about the missions, the Second Life project, and a sim map. A central hall of flight houses interactive exhibits on the LRO/ LCROSS missions including full size models of the two spacecraft and launch vehicle. Storyboards with information about the missions interpret the exhibits while links to external websites to provide further information on the missions, both spacecraft instrument suites, and EPO. The sim includes several sites for meetings, a conference stage to host talks, and a screen for viewing NASATV coverage of mission events including launch and impact.

OT50 Motivations of Citizen Scientists Participating in Galaxy Zoo
Pamela Gay, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, pgay@siue.edu Georgia L. Bracey, SIUE Michael Jordan Raddick, JHU
Galaxy Zoo is an online citizen science project involving over 180,000 volunteers who have classified the morphologies of nearly one million galaxies. In this study, we examine the motivations of Galaxy Zoo 1 participants -- what reasons do they give for offering their time classifying galaxies? In the initial phase of this study, interviews were conducted with randomly-chosen participants in order to discover their motivations for participation. The methodology and results for this phase are outlined in a poster presented at the 2009 AAS Winter Meeting. A list of 12 motivation categories was agreed upon by the researchers. In the second phase, we created an online survey to further explore participant motivation with a larger sample. In this poster, we look at the relationship between motivation and age, education, and geographic location; how classification history and motivation are linked; and how involvement in other citizen science projects relates to involvement in Galaxy Zoo 1. This survey is presented here along with an analysis of the survey data. We find that data from the survey supports the original classification scheme developed from the interviews.

OT53 E/PO in Oregon 2009
Rick Kang, Oregon Astrophysics Outreach, rkang@efn.org Chuck Dethloff, Oregon Star Party Bob Grossfeld, Sunriver Nature Center Observatory Dean Kelly, Night Sky 45 Club, Salem Steve McGettigan, Heart of the Valley Club, Corvallis Sue Peterson, Science Factory Planetarium, Eugene Sam Pitts, Eugene Astronomical Society Jim Todd, Kendall Planetarium, Portland Dawn Willard, Rose City Astronomers, Portland
Oregon is a relatively low population state with most of its citizens in cities and towns along either the north-south Interstate 5 or the eastwest Interstate 84 corridors. We are also known for long rainy winters. Yet, we have a surprisingly robust ongoing E/PO effort in rural as well as metropolitan areas due to collaborations of a handful of amateur astronomical societies working with a small group of Planetariums and Universities. We have several public access Observatories. Our poster offers a map and overview of our facilities plus descriptions of our public and

OT51 The Third Publication of Stars over Mauna Kea
Janice Harvey, Gemini Observatory, adakujaku@gemini.edu
On March 1, 2009, the Hawaii Tribune Herald published "Stars Over Mauna Kea", in celebration of the International Year of Astronomy. The publication is devoted entirely to the celebration of astronomy locally and

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Poster Sessions
extensive school outreach programs. We invite you to contact us about our programs and to stargaze with us when you're in Oregon! offered an undergraduate astrophysics instrumentation course for the first time. The course was developed as part of astronomy and astrophysics minors being offered sometime in the next year. The course had a unique design that allowed students to take part in research of their own choosing. The available equipment included a Takahashi TOA 130 telescope, a Celestron 11 inch Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope, a Santa Barbara Instrument Group (SBIG) Self-Guiding Spectrograph (SGS) with an ST8 CCD camera attached, and a ST6 CCD camera with photometric filter wheel CFW-6A and RGB standard filters. The students included sophomores, juniors and seniors with various experience levels. Poster Outcomes: We developed this course in an effort to provide a unique educational experience for undergraduate students. The students learned a lot about astronomy, they enjoyed the process and learned about science experimentation in general.

OT54 Astronomy Outreach for Seriously Ill Children and Their Families
Donald Lubowich, Hofstra University, donald.lubowich@hofstra.edu
I present the results of two NASA-sponsored astronomy outreach programs (IDEAS/STScI) for seriously ill children and their families staying at the Ronald McDonald House of Long Island (New Hyde Park, NY) and for children hospitalized at the Children's Medical Center at Winthrop University Hospital (Mineola, NY). These programs designed for children of all ages include "Tonight's Sky" (STScI monthly guide to the constellations and planets) and telescopes observations of the Moon, Sun, planets, nebulae, stars, and star clusters. Visible constellations are identified and their legends explained. The telescope has a digital camera so the children can take home their own images. During cloudy weather remote/ robotic telescope observations are shown. Edible demonstrations using chocolate, marshmallows, and popcorn are used to stimulate interest. The staffs at the Ronald McDonald House and Winthrop Hospital Child Life program have been trained to use the telescope and to give demonstrations. These educational activities help children and their families learn about astronomy while providing a diversion to take their minds off their illness during a stressful time.

OT57 Las Cumbres Observator y Global Telescope Network: Keeping Education in the Dark
Rachel Ross, Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, rross@lcogt.net
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network is building a network of telescopes ranging in size from 0.4m to 2.0m for scientific and educational uses. Most of the educational time will be on the 0.4m network, of which there will be about twenty. Observations will be able to take place in either real-time or queued modes. The educational arm of LCOGT will be primarily through our new website (www.lcogt.net) where there will be how-to guides, research projects with our astronomers, activities, and more including an online community through forums and groups. Registered users will also be able to add additional resources, comment on and rate existing pages, collaborate in world-wide research projects, and much more. Poster Outcomes: LCOGT education will be a user-driven community, with everyone working together to create a rich website of resources and information. Although the telescopes are not yet available, there is a vast archive of data that is available to the public and combined with all the projects that can be imagined (and many more that can't), there are countless learning opportunities for in and out of the classroom.

OT55 Top Stars: An Opportunity for Educators
Suzanne Pleau Kinnison, IGES/NASA, suzanne_kinnison@strategies.org
Throughout Hubble Space Telescope's lifetime its mission has inspired and promoted education. The final Hubble servicing mission in May of this year and the celebration of Hubble's 20th anniversary in 2010 are key mission milestones, and both enrich activities for the 2009 International Year of Astronomy. U.S. formal (K­12 and college) and informal educators are invited to submit their best examples of using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope for science, technology, engineering or mathematics education. Those selected as Top Stars will receive national recognition and awards. Participants will learn about the contest, the recognition and awards, and how to register and save their entries on the Top Stars web site. Educators are allowed, and encouraged, to revise, improve and re-submit their entries up to the final deadline of January 2, 2010. The contest is open to individuals, and teams of up to four people, who are all U.S. citizens and are at least 21 years old. IGES and NASA employees or their contractors, are not eligible. Poster Outcomes: Participants will learn about NASA's Top Stars contest, how to register and create their entries on the Top Stars website, and the recognition and awards for educators. Formal and informal astronomy educators can now be recognized for their lessons and activities as well as have them professionally reviewed. The expectation is that exemplary education will be recognized and model lessons will be made available for others to utilize.

OT58 The Sunrise, Sunset and Midday Phenomena at Different Locations Along the Same Line of Longitude!
Taha Massalha, Academic Arab College of Education
The past decade we have researched the phenomenon of the rising and setting sun in the holy land (specifically in the Nazareth region). The research was executed by college students from different societal sectors in Israel. The emphasis of this research project was in acknowledging the importance of natural daily occurrences in order to expand our understanding, developing inquisitiveness, and thought process. Simultaneously, we emphasized the importance of these measurements on all of the population (Christians, Jews, Muslims, and Druze) in their daily life. In the ASP conference, which took place in Chicago in September 2007, we presented a selection of the measurements and results. Poster Outcomes: In this conference we are going to present the results of the continued research, which were conducted over the last two years by students from middle schools in Israel, and by college students studying physics education (and astronomy) in the Academic Arab College for Education in Israel. The college students instructed the middle school students (and these students belonged to all sectors of Israeli society).

OT56 Song (Education) and Dance (Measurements) of Astronomy in the Classroom
Melodi Rodrigue, University of Nevada, Reno, melodi@physics.unr.edu
At the University of Nevada, Reno during the spring 2009 semester we
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Index of Authors
Alena, Thomas................................................................................ Allen, Jaclyn .............................................................................. 31, Alonso, JosÈ L. ................................................................................ Altschuler, Daniel R........................................................................ Ames, ZoÊ ....................................................................................... Anderson, C. ................................................................................... Arcand, Kimberly Kowal ................................................................ Arion, Douglas N. .............................................................. 24, 34, Armosky, Brad ................................................................................ Barbier, S. Beth ............................................................................... Barney-Nez, Angela........................................................................ Bartolone, Lindsay ......................................................................... Berendsen, Marni ........................................................................... Berglund, Karrie ............................................................................. Betrue, Rosalie ................................................................................ Bevis, T.H........................................................................................ Biemesderfer, Chris ........................................................................ Biferno, Anya .................................................................................. Black, Kristin .................................................................................. Bookbinder, Jay .............................................................................. Bracey, Georgia L...................................................................... 47, Branchaw, Janet .............................................................................. Brinkworth, Carolyn ...................................................................... Brissenden, Gina ............................................................................ Carron, Alice................................................................................... Chou, B. Ralph ............................................................................... Cianciolo, Frank ............................................................................. Cline, Troy ...................................................................................... Cobb, Bethany .......................................................................... 24, Conaty, Carmel .............................................................................. Davis, Anita .................................................................................... Day, Brian ....................................................................................... DeGennaro, Steve ........................................................................... Dekker, Jerry ................................................................................... Dethloff, Chuck .............................................................................. Dettloff, Lisa ................................................................................... Deustua, Susana ............................................................................. DeVore, Edna............................................................................ 36, Dolan, Ken ...................................................................................... Droppo, Ruth ................................................................................. Duncan, Doug ................................................................................ Dusenbery, Paul ............................................................................. Dussault, Mary ............................................................. 27, 31, 37, Eisenhamer, Bonnie ................................................................. 31, Enevoldsen, Alice ........................................................................... English, Darlene ............................................................................. 27 49 25 25 50 50 36 41 30 45 36 29 35 27 31 24 49 31 41 36 51 28 26 25 36 29 49 32 41 43 34 28 30 33 51 40 34 38 26 45 44 34 42 45 42 49 Erickson, John ................................................................................ Eyermann, Sarah ............................................................................ Ferrell, Trena................................................................................... Fienberg, Richard T. ........................................................... 24, 34, Figueiredo, Claudia ........................................................................ Fillingim, Matthew......................................................................... Forbes, Douglas .............................................................................. Forbes Wallace, Elizabeth .............................................................. Fox, R. ............................................................................................. Fraknoi, Andrew................................................................. 27, 45, Fricke, Kyle ..................................................................................... Fujihara, Gary................................................................................. Garcia, Ma. Antonieta .................................................................... Gay, Pamela L. .................................................................... 28, 47, Gibbs, Michael G. ............................................................... 26, 37, Gliba, George .................................................................................. Gonzales, Edward ........................................................................... Gould, Alan .............................................................................. 36, Gould, Roy R. ................................................................................. Granger, Ellen ........................................................................... 24, Graves, Kelly ................................................................................... Greene, Michael ............................................................................. Greethouse, Holly .......................................................................... Griswold, Britt ................................................................................ Grossfeld, Bob ................................................................................ Gurton, Suzy................................................................................... Hamilton, John C. .......................................................................... Harkrider, Jody ............................................................................... Harman, Pamela............................................................................. Hartman, Mark .............................................................................. Harvey, Janice ........................................................................... 34, Hasan, Hashima ....................................................................... 27, Heatherly , Sue Ann ....................................................................... Hemenway, Mary Kay .................................................................... Heyer, Inge ...................................................................................... Hobbs, George ................................................................................ Hollow, Robert ......................................................................... 30, Hood, Michael ................................................................................ Hooper, Eric ............................................................................. 28, Hurst, Anna .............................................................................. 34, Hurt, Robert ............................................................................. 26, Ireton, John .................................................................................... Isbell, Douglas ................................................................................ Jacoby, Suzanne .............................................................................. Jeffery, Elizabeth ............................................................................. Jimenez, Carmen Gloria ................................................................ 33 43 43 41 35 51 49 42 50 49 30 42 24 51 49 43 31 38 37 35 45 31 45 43 51 33 50 30 38 50 51 30 32 30 34 30 42 31 45 46 37 51 34 28 30 24

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Index of Authors
Johnson, Judy ................................................................................. Kadooka, Mary Ann ....................................................................... Kakadelis, Stratis ............................................................................ Kang, Rick................................................................................. 39, Keller, Jim ....................................................................................... Kelly, Dean ...................................................................................... Kilic, Mukremin ............................................................................. Knisely, Linda ................................................................................. Koch, David .................................................................................... Kohlmiller, Paul .............................................................................. Kreyche, Andy ................................................................................ Krishnamurthi, Anita..................................................................... Krok, Michelle ................................................................................ Landsberg, Randall................................................................... 36, Lawrence, Charles R. ...................................................................... LebrÑn Santos, Mayra E. ................................................................ Lee, Tammy D. ................................................................................ Lewis, Elaine ................................................................................... Liebert, Jim ..................................................................................... Livio, Mario .................................................................................... Llamas, Jacob .................................................................................. Lochner, James C...................................................................... 40, Londhe, Rucha ............................................................................... Loper, Suzanna ............................................................................... Lowe, Stuart.................................................................................... Lowes, Leslie ............................................................................. 29, Lubin, Philip ................................................................................... Lubowich, Donald.................................................................... 31, Manning, James.............................................................................. Marinova, Irina .............................................................................. Marius, Julio ................................................................................... Martin, Ann .................................................................................... Masetti, Maggie .............................................................................. Massalha, Taha ............................................................................... Mathieu, Robert ....................................................................... 28, Mattson, Barbara............................................................................ Mauzy-Melitz, Debra ..................................................................... Mayo, Lou ....................................................................................... McCallister, Dan ............................................................................. McGettigan, Steve .......................................................................... McLain, Brad ............................................................................ 34, McLin, Kevin .................................................................................. McMillian, Thedra ......................................................................... Mendez, Bryan ............................................................................... Meredith, John ............................................................................... Mitchell, Sara .................................................................................. 49 46 31 51 26 51 30 45 38 30 46 43 46 40 33 25 43 32 30 31 26 43 37 33 38 30 33 52 25 30 26 43 43 52 46 40 31 32 45 51 39 47 31 28 43 43 Mon, Manual .................................................................................. Moore, Chadwick ........................................................................... Moreland, John .............................................................................. Morrison, David ............................................................................. Mortfield, Paul ............................................................................... Nagy-Catz, Kristin.......................................................................... Needles, Madeleine ........................................................................ Ng, Carolyn .................................................................................... Nordgren, Tyler .............................................................................. Norsted, Brooke ............................................................................. North, Chris ................................................................................... Paglierani, Ruth ........................................................................ 34, Pantoja, Carmen............................................................................. Partridge, Bruce........................................................................ 33, Peterson, Sue .................................................................................. Peticolas, Laura............................................................................... Pfund, Christine ............................................................................. Pickle, Kate ..................................................................................... Pierce-Price, Douglas ..................................................................... Pitts, Sam ........................................................................................ Pleau Kinnison, Suzanne ............................................................... Pompea, Stephen M. .................................................... 24, 29, 34, Porro, Irene ............................................................................... 31, Prather, Edward E..................................................................... 25, Preston, Sandra .............................................................................. Pyle, Tim ......................................................................................... Raddick, Jordan .................................................................. 28, 47, Ratcliffe, Martin ............................................................................. Reddy, Francis ................................................................................ Reinfeld, Erika L. ............................................................................ Richman, Angela ............................................................................ Rodrigue, Melodi ........................................................................... Ross, Rachel .................................................................................... Rountree-Brown, Maura ............................................................... Rudolph, Alexander ................................................................. 25, Saka, Y. ............................................................................................ Scalice, Daniella.............................................................................. Schaff, Nancy .................................................................................. Schatz, Dennis ................................................................................ Scherrer, Deborah .......................................................................... Schleigh, Sharon ............................................................................. Schlingman, Wayne ........................................................................ Schowengerdt, F.............................................................................. Schultz, Susan Elise ........................................................................ Schultz, Greg ............................................................................ 35, Schweitzer, Andrea ......................................................................... 47 28 33 27 29 35 50 32 28 37 38 47 25 35 51 47 28 31 44 51 52 41 50 38 50 26 51 25 43 37 28 52 52 31 48 24 36 48 40 44 48 25 50 41 39 34

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Index of Authors
Scott, Eugenie ................................................................................. Sharma, Mangala............................................................................ Shipman, Harry.............................................................................. Shipp, Stephanie ............................................................................. Shupla, Christine ............................................................................ Simmons, Mike ........................................................................ 26, Simpson, Robert............................................................................. Smecker-Hane, Tammy.................................................................. Smith, Denise ..................................................................... 27, 30, Smith, Jeffrey .................................................................................. Smith, Lisa F.................................................................................... Smith, Randall ................................................................................ Smith, Thomas ............................................................................... Southerland, S.A............................................................................. Sparks, Robert T. .......................................................... 24, 29, 41, Squires, Gordon ............................................................................. Stein, Jill .......................................................................................... Steinberg, Daniel ............................................................................ Stiavelli, Massimo........................................................................... Stimmer, Maryann ......................................................................... Stockman, Peter.............................................................................. Stoke, John...................................................................................... Storksdieck, Martin ........................................................................ SubbaRao, Mark ....................................................................... 36, Sumerlin, Neal ................................................................................ Summers, Frank ............................................................................. Sunbury, Susan ............................................................................... Teays, Terry ..................................................................................... Thieman, James .............................................................................. Tobola, Kay ..................................................................................... Todd, Jim ........................................................................................ Toth, Todd ...................................................................................... Usuda, Kumiko ......................................................................... 34, van der Veen, Jatlia ......................................................................... Van Doren, Aleya............................................................................ Villard, Ray ..................................................................................... von Hippel, Ted .............................................................................. Wagner, Dave .................................................................................. Walker, Constance E..................................................... 28, 34, 41, Walters, Angela ............................................................................... Watzke, Megan ............................................................................... Wierman, Traci............................................................................... Willard, Dawn ................................................................................ Williams, Kurtis.............................................................................. Wolff, Sidney .................................................................................. Wyatt, Ryan .............................................................................. 26, 27 27 30 39 39 44 38 31 31 36 36 36 24 24 44 26 35 41 32 29 32 32 35 40 48 32 37 48 32 31 51 43 44 33 39 32 30 26 44 26 36 35 51 30 49 36






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About the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
Founded in 1889 in San Francisco, the Astronomical Society of the Pacific long ago outgrew its regionalsounding name to become one of the nation's leading organizations devoted to improving people's understanding, appreciation, and enjoyment of astronomy and space as an avenue for advancing science literacy. Serving research astronomers, educators of all descriptions, and amateur astronomers, the ASP publishes both scholarly and educational materials, conducts professional development programs for formal and informal educators, and holds conferences, symposia, and workshops for astronomers and educators who specialize in astronomy education and outreach. The ASP's education programs are funded by its own members, corporations, private foundations, NASA, and the National Science Foundation. The ASP's numerous education and outreach programs include Project ASTRO, the Universe in the Classroom teacher's newsletter, The NASA Night Sky Network, Astronomy from the Ground Up, Family ASTRO, Cosmos in the Classroom symposia, and the SOFIA Education and Public Outreach program. Your membership in the ASP is the first step to support the one organization whose primary mission is to advance science literacy through engagement in astronomy for students of all ages. Everywhere.

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